Momwe mungagwiritsire potaziyamu humate zosiyanasiyana mbewu?

Ulimi wakachilengedwe wayamba kutchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi. Akatswiri ambiri paulimi ndi wamaluwa pawokha ndi ma florists akusintha kulima kwa zachilengedwe popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yama mankhwala ndi kuvala pamwamba. Ntchito yayikulu mu matekinolo amakono amasewera ndimanyazi, makamaka potaziyamu humate.

Pafupifupi zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zapitazo, pulofesa wina wotchuka, Lydia Khristeva muzochita adawonetsa kutha kwa zamanyazi. Popeza anali ndi ma acid amadzimadzi a m'nthaka, omwe amaimiridwa ndi yankho la sodium, amawagwiritsa ntchito kuthirira mbewu. Njira iyi idathandizira kuti mbewu zikuchulukidwe kwambiri. Masiku ano, kukonzekera kochokera ku ma humate kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikupangidwa m'maiko ambiri ndipo akufunika kwambiri paulimi. Makampaniwa amabadwanso chaka chilichonse popanga zinthu zachilengedwe zabwino komanso zathanzi. Agrarians adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zochitira manyazi muzochita zawo.

Kodi amachititsa chiyani?

Humates ndizokonzekera zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera kumchere wa humic acid, omwe amasungunuka mosavuta ndikusinthidwa kukhala yankho lothandiza kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mchere wa potaziyamu ndi sodium ndiye maziko komanso magwiritsidwe a humus, omwe amawongolera mwachindunji njira zamtundu wa nthaka m'nthaka. Magulu ambiri a mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobwezeretsa malo opanda kanthu komanso osawuka, pamene akukumba malo, pochita zachilengedwe, pakupanga mbewu ndi zoweta, komanso pomanga ndi mankhwala.

Ubwino wopindulitsa

Humus imapangidwa panthawi ya kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zinyalala zawo. Zachilengedwe zowonjezereka komanso mpweya wochepa, zimakhala zogwira mtima kwambiri pakukula kwa humus. Njira zogwiritsira ntchito zamachilengedwe m'nthaka mothandizidwa ndi humates zimachitika pokhapokha pazinthu zitatu zazikulu - dothi, madzi ndi mbewu.

Manyowa amathandizira kukonza nthaka ndikuwadzaza ndi michere, imathandizira kukula kwa mbeu ndikuziteteza ku zinthu zapoizoni ndi zitsulo zolemera.
Humus imathandizira kuti nthaka isenthe, chifukwa imathandizira kuyipukuta pakuda.
Humus imatha kusunga chinyontho chofunikira m'nthaka, chifukwa chimatha kusunga madzi ochuluka.
Pogwiritsa ntchito humus, mutha kusintha mawonekedwe a nthaka. Mwachitsanzo, zigawo zamchenga zokhala ndi humus zimagwirizana, ndipo dothi losakanikirana la dongo losakanikirana ndi humus limasandulika.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu humate, kumapangitsa kuti mayendedwe achepetsedwa ndi mbeu kuchokera m'nthaka ndipo madzi amapezeka.

Zotsatira za potaziyamu zimapangitsa kuti mbeu zosiyanasiyana zitheke

Zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zimayenderana ndi feteleza aliyense payekhapayekha, motero amatha kugawidwa m'magulu molingana ndi momwe zimakhudzidwira ndi kuchuluka kwake:

A kwambiri zimachitika masamba.
Kuchita bwino kuli chimanga, nyemba, tirigu ndi mapira.
Zofooka zomwe zili m'miyendo.
Zovuta zochepa - pa mpendadzuwa ndi dzungu.

Potaziyamu humate imafanana ndi khofi wapansi pamawonekedwe. Ili ndi mtundu womwewo komanso kuyenda kwake kofananira. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chovala chapamwamba cha mbewu zamkati komanso maluwa panthaka. Feteleza wachilengedwe chonseyu amatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa mbewu kukhala zabwino, ngakhale pali zovuta zina zosayembekezereka komanso nyengo yanyengo yosayembekezereka.

Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa

Pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera komanso munthawi yake zotsekemera, kukolola kumakhala kotsimikizika. Mwakutero, feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za mbewu ndikukula. Ndikofunikira kungowerengera kusiyana komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pachaka ndi zosatha. Zomera zokhala ndi chaka chimodzi zimafuna feteleza poyambira kukula komanso asanapangidwe ziwalo zoberekera. Zomera zoyamba zimafunikira zakudya zina mutabzala kapena kuzipititsa kumalo atsopano kuti zilimbikitse ndikusunga muzu wa mbewu.

Manyowa ochepetsera amachitika m'njira zingapo:

Mukamanyowa mbewu musanafesere kapena pokonza zina zodzala.
Mukathirira.
Mankhwala achinsinsi (mwachitsanzo, kupopera mankhwala).

Mtundu uliwonse wa mbewu uli ndi kuchuluka kwake komwe umagwiritsa ntchito feteleza, zomwe zikufotokozedwa mogwirizana ndi malangizo a mankhwalawo. Kuphwanya malangizowa mwakuchulukirapo kapena mocheperako sikuletsedwa kotheratu, chifukwa zotsatira zake zimakhala zotsatira zoyipa. Kukula kwa mbewu ndikukula kumatha kuchepa, zomwe pambuyo pake zimatsogolera ku zokolola zochepa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugawa mankhwalawo kuti gawo laling'ono limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwiritsa nthangala ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, ndipo ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira pansi pazu, ndiye kuti, kuti muzu wazuwo ukhale wamphamvu.

Kuphatikiza zokolola zomwe zimakwaniritsidwa, ma humate amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zinthu zina za mchere komanso kufunafuna zinthu. Chiwerengero cha gawo lililonse la feteleza wophatikizidwa motere chimatengera mbewu yomwe yadulidwa komanso feteleza wosankhidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito humus kuphatikiza kompositi, manyowa ndi humus. Manyowa ndi kompositi zimathandizira kukula kwachilengedwe kakang'ono kwambiri, ngati miyezi pafupifupi 2,5 mpaka isanachitike, amathandizidwa ndi yankho la humate. 10 makilogalamu a kompositi kapena manyowa adzafunika magalamu 10 a humate. Feteleza wovuta ngati ameneyu amamuthira m'nthaka mukumba kapena mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi pa kuthirira.

Kugwiritsa ntchito peat humate potaziyamu (mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi)

Kukonzekera kumakhala ndi 80% ya chinthu chachikulu ndipo ndi madzi akuda ofiirira omwe amakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsa. Mukukonza peat zachilengedwe, zinthu zambiri zofunikira zidatulutsidwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera. Izi ndi potaziyamu, kufufuza zinthu zambiri, komanso nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous. Zonsezi zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zopanda zomerazi komanso kuteteza zachilengedwe.

Feteleza uyu akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula konse kwa mbewu ndikugwiritsira ntchito mwa njira iliyonse. Madziwo ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi malinga ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa (pachomera chimodzi) ndikugwiritsa ntchito kunyowetsa zinthu, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito muzu, ndikuwukha mbande.

Zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka ndi peat humate potaziyamu ngati njira yodutsira nthaka. Zimathandizira kuwonjezeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe padziko lapansi. Pangani izi kukhala zofunikira mwa njira yolumikizirana pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro a wopanga. Kuphatikiza ndi feteleza wachilengedwe, mankhwala ndi mchere, mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imawonjezeka kangapo. Palibe zoletsa kuphatikiza kwa humate ndi potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni, koma osavomerezeka kuti azisakaniza ndi phosphorous. Zomwe zimapangidwa zatsopano sizingasungunuke ndi kusakaniza uku. Kukonzekera komwe kumakhala phosphorous kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana ndi feteleza ena.

Kuphatikiza zinthu za organic ndi mankhwala kuyenera kuchitika mosamala ngati simukutsimikiza zomaliza. Mukasakaniza milingo yaying'ono ya zinthu zosiyanasiyana, munthu akhoza kudziwa zomwe akuchita. Ndi mapangidwe a madzi ambiri - feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma ndi mpweya - ayi.

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a foliar ndi feteleza ovuta (omwe ali ndi potaziyamu humate, mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi mchere) samangokometsera kukula kwa mbewu, komanso amachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa nayitrate ndi zinthu zakupweteka m'mapangidwe awo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala humate potaziyamu "Souffler"

Mankhwala apadziko lonse lapansi amasiyanitsidwa ndi kapangidwe kake popeza amaphatikiza zinthu monga mchere ndi michere. Ubwino waukulu wa potaziyamu humate "Souffler" mwa mankhwala ena:

Makamaka amachepetsa nthawi yakucha kwa mbewu.
Kuchulukitsa kwa chitetezo chomera ndikukulitsa kukana matenda ambiri.
Mphamvu ya kumera kwa zinthu zambewu imachuluka kwambiri.
Ndiwowongolera bwino mzakudya zadothi ndikufesa.
Posakhalitsa, imatha kubwezeretsa chonde ndikuwongolera kapangidwe kake.
Imalimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mizu yathanzi komanso yolimba.
Kukhazikika kwa mbewu pakusintha kwanyengo ndi nyengo, ku mitundu yonse yamitundu yovuta, imachulukitsidwa nthawi zambiri.
Mtundu wa zokolola ukuwonjezeka ndipo moyo wa alumali umachulukitsidwa mwakuwonjezera moyo wa alumali.

Nthawi zambiri, fetelezayu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuvala maluwa akunyumba. Kuwona mosamala malangizo omwe akutsatiridwa, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kawiri pamwezi kuyambira mwezi wa March mpaka Okutobala 4 komanso Novembala.