Alissum alibe, monga maluwa a maluwa kapena maluwa a m'munda, ali ndi maluwa osalala, koma chomeracho sichisiya kupeza mafani atsopano. A alissum modekha, kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera kumene woyamba angakwanitse, amakolola ndi chosadzikuza, maluwa akutalika ndi uchi wonunkhira kutayira pa maluwa.
Monga mbewu zokongoletsera za malo otseguka, mitundu yambiri ya pachaka ndi yosatha ya alissum imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Onsewa ndi zikhalidwe zopindika kapena zowoneka bwino zomwe zimayambira mpaka 40 cm, zazing'ono, nthawi zina masamba a pubescent ndi maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana omwe amaphatikizidwa mu corymbose inflorescence. Popeza alissum ndi nthumwi ya banja la a Kapustny, ma corollas okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 5 mm ali ndi kapangidwe kofanana ndi mbewu zokhudzana, koma ndizanunkhira kwambiri.
Kununkhira kwa maluwa kumawonjezeka nyengo yotentha ya dzuwa, yomwe imakopa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tosokoneza mungu m'makatani a alissum.
Monga pachaka malo otseguka, alissum imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malire otsika, osakanikirana ndi kutsogolo kwa mabedi az maluwa.
Kunyumba yachilimwe, alissum itha kukhala wamkulu mu njira zingapo:
- kufesa masika nthawi yomweyo ku malo okhazikika;
- kudzera mbande zomwe zimakulidwa kunyumba ndikuzisunthira kumtunda kupita panthaka;
- kugwiritsa ntchito yophukira yophukira pansi mbande zoyambira masika.
Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yobzalira alissum pansi mukabzala maluwa munthawi yanyengo ndi iti?
Kubzala alissum poyera ndi mbewu
Kubzala mbewu za alissum mu nthawi ya masika kumachitika pamene nthaka ikuwunda ndipo mpweya uziwuma mpaka +15 ° C. Pakati panjira, mikhalidwe yoyenera imakhazikika pofika pakati pa Epulo. M'madera akum'mwera, ikamatera ikuchitika masiku 7-10 m'mbuyomu. Kumpoto, mphindi yabwino chifukwa chobwerera nyengo yozizira imatha kuchedwa mpaka zaka khumi zoyambirira za Meyi.
Chapakatikati, kubzala alissum poyera komanso kusamalira mbewu kumayendetsedwa ndi kusankha kwa malo ndi kukonzekera dothi. Mitundu yonse ya pachaka komanso yosatha imakonda malo owuma, osasunthika, omwe amathandizika okhala ndi gawo lapansi loyera:
- Nthaka imafesedwa isanafesere, kuchotsa udzu ndikuthyola maudzu.
- Chiwembu choperekedwa kwa alissum chimathiriridwa.
- Mbewu zimagawidwa pamwamba pa gawo lapansi ndikuwazidwa pang'ono ndi dothi lapansi.
Pofuna kutsimikizira kumera ndi kupewetsa kukonza mutabzala m'nthaka ku Siberia, alissum imakutidwa ndi filimu kapena zinthu zosakongoletsedwa musanayambe kumera. Zomera zazing'ono zamaluwa zamaluwa zimawonekera patatha masiku 7-10, ndipo ngakhale pambuyo pa masabata 6-8, maluwa akuyamba. Mpaka pano, malowa amasungidwa ndi kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse, ndipo mbande zolimba zimapetedwa, ndikusiya masentimita 15-20 pakati pawo.
Njira yodzala alissum ndi yosavuta. Koma ngati kasupe watuluka, maluwa ndi maluwa amatuluka. M'madera momwe muli chiopsezo chotere, kuphatikiza kanjira apakati, kubzala mbewu mmunda kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Mbewu za Alissum: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera
Kufesa mbande m'mwezi wa Marichi kapena Epulo m'mbale zosaya zomwe zili ndi gawo lapansi. Nthaka imakhala yonyowa pang'ono, ndipo mbewu zomwe zimagawidwa pansi ndikuwapanikizira pang'ono m'nthaka zimakutidwa ndi dothi kapena mchenga.
Alyssum imakula bwino pa kutentha pamwamba pa +15 ° C, mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha panyumba, pomwe mbande zimayenera kupatsidwamo mpweya wotsekereza kuti usakomoke.
Kuwombera kumawonekera osakwana milungu iwiri. Kufikira pano, chidebechi chimayikidwa pamalo abwino. Ngati mbande zibzalidwe pang'ono, mbande zimayenda pansi pamadzi. Ndipo masamba angapo enieni akawululidwa pa iwo, amasuntha pamwamba kuti alissum pabedi la maluwa akhazikika. Kubzala alissum kwa chisamaliro chakunja kumachitika mu Meyi kapena theka loyamba la June ndikutalika kwa pafupifupi 20 cm.
Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, mbewu zotere zimamera ndipo, ndi chisamaliro choyenera, musataye kukongoletsa kwake mpaka chisanu chambiri.
Kubzala Alissum panthaka yophukira
Kubzala chisanachitike dzinja kwa alissum kumalola pansi pa zochitika zachilengedwe kuchita nthangala ndi kasupe kuti mbewu zolimba zisinthidwe kuti zikhale zotseguka.
Stratization imathandizira kumera, ndikofunikira pakulima mitundu yosatha yazomera. Kubzala alissum panthaka yophukira kumachitika kuti mbewu zisakhale ndi nthawi yotupa ndi kuwaswa. Chifukwa chake, lakonzekera kumapeto kwa Okutobala kapena Novembala. Mbeu zouma zimabzalidwa m'nthaka yomwe idakonzedwa kale ndikuya pafupifupi 2 cm.
Kuti muteteze mbewu kuti isavunde, chimbudzi cha mchenga chimatha kupangidwa pansi pa mzere. Pamwamba pa mulch.
Samalirani alissum mutabzala panthaka
Alyssum ndi imodzi mwazomera zopanda phindu kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi chisamaliro chochepa. Mitundu ya pachaka ndi yosatha imaphuka bwino m'malo otseguka, maola ambiri padzuwa. Potere, samalani alissum kutchire mutabzala ndi:
- mu madzi okwanira kupereka chinyezi cha nthaka kuya kosachepera 10-15 cm;
- mukulima ndi kumasula dothi mozungulira maluwa;
- Munthawi ya 2-3 kuvala mbewu ndi mchere wosakanikirana ndi zochepa za nayitrogeni, zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa greenery ndikuchepetsa kukula;
- pochotsa ma inflorescences oyenda.
Maluwa atakwaniritsidwa, ukadaulo waulimi wa perennials ndi perennials umayamba kusiyana.
Zilonda zapachaka zimachotsedwa pamaluwa, malowo amayeretsedwa ndi zinyalala zachomera ndi kukumba. Izi zikapanda kuchitika, mabokosi ambewu amatsegulidwa, ndipo nthawi yotentha nthawi yotsika imakumana ndi mbeu zambiri.
Ngati chomera chobzalidwa pamalowo, chisamaliro chotseguka cha alissum ndi:
- podula tsitsi, ndipo izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa ma inflorescence ndi masamba odulira kuposa theka;
- nthawi yozizira kudula ndi kumasula nthaka;
- poteteza zitsamba ku chisanu.
Pogona nyengo yachisanu ikhoza kukhala masamba, masingano kapena chinthu chowoneka bwino. Mtsempha umachotsedwa kutetezedwa, kubzala kumayeretsedwa. Zomera zimathiridwa ndi kudyetsedwa.
