Pakati pa mitengo yazomera zimakhala pamalo apadera. Pulogalamu yamasamba a nyemba ndi malo osinthira nyama, ndipo kuphatikiza kwa Vitamini ndi mchere kumapangitsa kuti masamba azikhala othandiza. Pakati pa mitundu yambiri yazomera, nyemba zobiriwira kapena katsitsumzukwa ndimalo apadera, ili ndi mayina ambiri.
Mbiri yakale
Chiyambire kusonkhanitsidwa kwa mafuko akale, miyendo yakhala chikhalidwe chachikulu pakudya. Nandolo ndi nyemba zidalimidwa zochuluka. Mbale zimaphatikizidwanso pambuyo pake. Nyemba mu mawonekedwe ake oyambirira adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nzika zaku America. Adasinthiratu chikhalidwechi, adaphunzira kukuza ndikukula mitundu yatsopano. Ndi omwe adagawana chikhalidwecho kukhala nyemba, zobiriwira komanso mitundu ya lima.
Mbewu za chimanga ndi nyemba zimaphatikizira pamodzi ma amino acid, motero zimapanga mapuloteni ofunikira kuti pakhale moyo. Kwa anthu, mapuloteni oterewa azomera amapezeka kuti ndi nyama.
Nyemba, monga nyemba zina, zotchuka padziko lonse lapansi, ndizofunikira kwambiri pakudya ndipo zimakhala m'malo akulu obzala padziko lonse lapansi. Ngati nyemba zakale zidalimidwa m'madera otentha okha, tsopano pali mitundu yakucha yomwe yapangitsa kuti zitheke kupeza ndiwo zamasamba ku Siberia. Nthawi zambiri, nyemba za katsitsumzukwa zimakonda.
Kukula Nyemba
Mwa mitundu yambiri, nyengo yakumtunda wathu imalola kulima nyemba zobiriwira. Asparagus ndiofesanso mtundu wina wa nyemba. Zimasiyanasiyana kutalika kwa pod, komwe kumatha kufika mita komanso kusakhalapo kwa chingwe cholimbitsa cholowera mu pod. Chomera cha thermophilic chimalimidwa mwaluso kum'mwera. Komabe, kanyumba kamnyengo kakang'ono kanyumba kamakhala kopanda zitsamba. Siyanitsani pakati pamtundu wamtundu wobiriwira komanso wopindika.
Kuphatikiza poti chikhalidwecho ndi chozizira, chimatha kukula bwino pokhapokha:
- kusankha koyenera kufesa ndi kukonza nthaka
- kuthirira ndi kuthilira mbewu;
- kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya mbewu zoned;
- matenda ndi kuchepetsa udzu;
- kukolola kwakanthawi.
Momwe mungabzalire nyemba mu kanyumba ka chilimwe?
Dothi liyenera kukhala lopepuka, loyimira mchenga, loam ndi madzi apansi panthaka. M'malo ovuta kwambiri, simuyenera kuyembekezera zabwino. Malo omwe anakonzedwerawo akuyenera kuti achotsedwe namsongole wamuyaya, otetezedwa ku mphepo zakumpoto ndikupezeka pamalo otentha a dzuwa.
Ma fomu a curly amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga minda yolima kapena kukulira m'mphepete mwa mauna kapena ndi mathandizi apadera. Chitsamba chimabzalidwa m'mizere pamabedi oleredwa. Pamtunda wotere, nthaka imawotha msanga, ndipo nyemba zimamera 20-25.
Mukabzala mbewu mu dothi lotentha mu June, mbande zimawonekera masabata 2-3, kutengera chinyezi chanthawi zonse. Mbewuzo zimanyowetsedwa musanabzalidwe, kufesedwa mpaka 2-5 cm, mtunda pakati pa tchire pafupifupi 10cm ndi ma 2525 cm, kutengera kuthengo kwa chitsamba chosankhidwa. Momwe mungabzalire nyemba kuti mupange heyala wobiriwira ndikupeza mbewu? Mukabzala mbewu, zomangirira zimayikidwa nthawi yomweyo kum'mwera kwa nyumbayo, ndipo mbewuzo zimabzalidwa mzere umodzi. Pambuyo mbande, chomera cholimba chimatsalira dzenje, enawo chimawonongeka kuti chisavulaze mizu yotsala.
Kodi kulima nyemba nthawi yamasika?
Zomera zazing'onoting'ono zimayenera kumasulidwa ndikukhazikika. Udzu wa udzu uzichotsedwa nyengo yonse; nyemba sizikonda kuyandikana ndi mbewu zina. Imadziwitsa zokolola zamabedi a phosphorous ndi mchere wam potaziyamu mmenemo. Nayitrogeni wachilengedwe samakonda nyemba, imatha kudwala. Mukukula, imachulukitsa nthaka ndi nayitrogeni, monga nthito zina.
Ndikofunika kupatsa mbewuyo madzi ambiri pakumera. Chinyezi chimalandira chinyezi chambiri, makulidwewo amakhala amanenepa. Zomera zomwe zimakhala ngati khoma lamoyo, kuzitsina kutalika kwake mamita 2, kotero kuti zikhale zodzadza, apo ayi pazikhala maluwa okha.
Pakumera nyemba, ndikofunika kupangira mavalidwe apamwamba ndi phulusa kapena phulusa la phulusa. Mavalidwe onse apamwamba amachitika kokha ponyowa. Kututa kumadalira kukhwima. Popeza nyemba za chingwe chobiriwira nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zimachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono m'njira zingapo pakupanga pod.
Kukula kumawonedwa ngati kwabwinobwino nyemba zikafalikira patatha masiku 35- 40, thumba losunga mazira limapezeka m'masabata awiri. Koma mitundu yoyambirira imatha kubala mbewu m'masiku 45-60, yayitali mu mwezi wachitatu, ndipo mitundu ina ikukonzekera kukolola m'miyezi ya 3.5-4.
Tizilombo ndi Matenda a Nyemba
Zomera za nyemba monga nyemba zina, zimathanso kukhudzidwa:
- slugs;
- kangaude;
- nsabwe za m'mapapo;
- nkhono.
Ndiukadaulo woyenera waulimi, zowonongeka zingakhale zochepa. Ndizosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwamankhwala munthawi yodzaza nyemba. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi wowerengeka. Slugs ikhoza kusungidwa.
Kuti mbewu zisadutse, ndikofunikira kuwonda pobzala, chifukwa anthracose nthawi zonse imayendetsedwa ndi nyengo yayitali ndi nyengo zokutira. Matenda a fungal akapezeka pachitsamba chimodzi, ndibwino kuchichotsa kuti matendawa asafalikire ku tchire loyandikana. Poletsa matenda, njira ya seramu mu dilution ya 1: 5 ndi madzi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Momwe mungatolere nyemba zobiriwira komanso malo osungira mbewu
Ndikofunikira kutola nyemba zobiriwira ndi katsitsumzukwa nthawi zambiri, kupewa kuti asasinthane ndi mkaka kukhala sera. Nyemba zokulira zimakhala zonenepa, zimayamba kuwawa ndikukhala zoyenera kupanga mbewu zokha.
Kugwetsa nyemba zazing'ono, chomera chimalimbikitsa kupanga zipatso zatsopano. Chifukwa chake, pakukolola pafupipafupi, zokolola za mbewu ndizokwera. Musanatolere nyemba zobiriwira, muyenera kuganizira njira zamomwe mungazisungire. Zatsopano sizoyenera kusungidwa, chifukwa chake, muyenera kukonzekera kuzizira kwa zitsamba kapena kusungidwa.
Ngati nyemba zakoloweka, sizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'matumba, koma kumayambiriro kwambiri kuti mutulidwe. Chifukwa chake, ndikutha kuchotsa nyemba m'munda pomwe nyemba zosuma ndi masamba ayamba kutseguka. Nthawi yakucha yathunthu imatengera mitundu ya nyemba. Popewa nyemba kuti zisanyowe ndi mvula, mbewuzo zimakungidwa pansi, ndikuzimangirira mu tsache ndikuyiyikira kuti ziume m'chipinda chofiyira. Pambuyo pake tsache liyambitsidwa.
