Mabedi akulu ndi okongola: kasupe, nthaka mwa iwo imawotha ndipo amawuma kale kwambiri kuposa mabedi wamba. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuyambitsa masitayilo anu kale. Poterepa, simuyenera kumenya nkhondo ndi miyala ndi mizu yamtengo, ndipo nthaka idzakhala yofewa komanso yofewa. Inde, mabedi okwera amakhalanso ndi zovuta zina. Chifukwa chake, nyengo yadzuwa ndi yotentha, nthawi zambiri imaphwa msanga. Mizu ya mbewu zapafupi imatha kupitabe ku dothi labwino kwambiri lomwe limakhala michere. Amphaka okoma komanso ofewa, osokera amathanso kukondanso. Komabe, mavuto onsewa amatha kupewedwa: ndikokwanira kukonza chilichonse moyenera komanso nthawi ndi nthawi kuchitira njira zodzitetezera.
Malangizo 10 opangira bwino mabedi amtundaTsatirani malamulowa khumi kuti mukule m'mabedi apamwamba, ndipo mudzachita bwino!
1. Ayi! Kumbukirani: osayendanso pansi!
Ubwino wofunikira wamabedi wokhazikitsidwa ndi zofewa, airy, "fluffy", dothi labwino, lomwe ndilophweka komanso losavuta kugwira ntchito, ndipo lomwe limakonda mitundu yambiri. Chifukwa chake, popanga mabedi oterowo, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mutha kufalikira kuchokera kulikonse popanda kulowa pansi. Ngati muli kale ndi bedi lalitali, ndipo linapangidwa kale kuti muthe kuyenda m'magawo ake, lingalirani za kukhazikitsa matabwa apadera kuti mulowemo, osati pansi.
2. Dulani dothi mutabzala
Mabedi ataliatali okhala ndi udzu, udzu wosenda, masamba, kapena tchipisi nkhuni mutabzala. Chifukwa cha izi, choyambirira, muyenera kuvutitsa pang'ono ndi udzu, ndipo chachiwiri, mulingo woyenera wokhala chinyezi ukhalabe nthawi yayitali m'nthaka.
3. Ganizirani njira yothirira
Kwa mabedi othirira, njira ziwiri zothirira ndizoyenereradi: kuchokera pampunga wolumikizidwa bwino ndi mpope wothirira. Ngati mukuganiza kudzera m'dongosolo ndikukonzekereratu musanabzale mbewu, mumasunga nthawi yambiri ndi khama zomwe zingafunikire kuthirira ndi payipi pambuyo pake.
4. Ikani cholepheretsa mizu ndi namsongole
Ngati pali mitengo yayikulu pafupi ndi dimba lanu, kapena ngati mukungofuna kudziteteza pakufunika kuthana ndi namsongole wokongola womera m'nthaka yanu yayitali, muyenera kusamalira kukhazikitsa chotchinga chapadera. Ikhoza kukhala tchuthi cha udzu, chidutswa cha kapeti wakale, kapenanso kakhadi kakang'ono kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi bedi lokwezedwa kale, ndipo mumalimbana ndi namsongole chaka chilichonse, ndiye kuti mwina mukuyenera kukumba dothi, ndikukhazikitsa chotchinga, kenako ndikubwezerani malowo. Izi zidzafunika kuyesetsa, koma zidzakuthandizani kukhala ndi moyo wosalira zambiri mtsogolo.
Nthawi iliyonse yophukira, onetsetsani kuti mwazaza manyowa osalala pamwamba pa mabedi okhazikika.
5. Pangani manyowa chaka chilichonse
Kulima pabedi lalikuru chimodzimodzi ndi kulima mchidebe chachikulu. Ndipo, monga momwe zilili ndi chidebe chilichonse, nthaka pang'onopang'ono imakhazikika, ndipo mawonekedwe ake akuyamba kusauka. Kuti mupewe izi, nthawi zonse masika, onetsetsani kuti mwazaza manyowa 2,5-5 masentimita pamwamba pamabedi osakhazikika musanayambe kufesa.
6. Mumasuleni dothi ndi foloko zam'munda ngati pakufunika
Kuti dziko likhale losalala komanso laphwete, ingoikani dimba pansomba ndikuzama momwe mungathere ndikusunthira mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo. Bwerezaninso izi m'munda wonse ndikutalika kwa 20 mpaka 30 cm, ndipo nthaka yanu ikhale yopanda malire komanso yolowerera, ngakhale kuti singakutayireni ndalama zambiri.
7. Samalirani dothi ngakhale simulima
Pakutha kwa nyengo yokulira, ikani dothi lamtunda lalitali ndi mulch organic, kapena mbewu pamunda panu (werengani zambiri pansipa). Dziko lapansi, lomwe limadziwitsidwa bwino ndi nyengo yanthawi yozizira, limawonongedwa ndikuwonjezedwa mwachangu ngati silitetezedwa.
8. Gwiritsani ntchito mbewu zotchinga chaka chilichonse
Zomera zoyambira pachaka, monga ryegrass pachaka, rasipiberi clover ndi nandolo za shaggy, zimapindulitsa kwambiri m'mabedi anu apamwamba ngati mutawabzala kumapeto kwa nthawi yokulira. Amapereka dothi ndi michere (makamaka ngati mumakumba m'nthaka mu nthawi ya masika), amachepetsa kukokoloka ndipo, pakakhala clover ndi nandolo, amathandizira kuti asafe ndi nayitrogeni m'nthaka.
Kuthirira madzi ndi njira yabwino yothirira mabedi ataliatali.
9. Ganizirani pasadakhale pakukula kwa nyengo.
Kukonzekera pang'ono komwe kungachitike pasadakhale kukuthandizani kuti muthe kubzala mbewu koyambirira kwa nyengo ino, kuwonjezera nthawi yakukula kwa gawo lina la nthawi yophukira. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukhazikitsa mathandizi ndikupanga msewu wotsika, kapena kuyika kanema pamwamba pa zokolola - ndiye kuti simuyenera kuchita zambiri kuti muteteze mbewu zanu kuzizira.
10. Ganizirani za kupanga manyowa mwachindunji m'mabedi okulera
Mapaipi a mbewa (ma vermicomposters), manyowa opangira manyowa ndi kupanga manyowa pafupi ndi mbewu ndi njira zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kompositi mwachindunji m'mabedi amtunda wamtali. Chifukwa chake mutha kupatsa dothi lawo michere ngakhale mulibe mwayi wopanga mulu wa kompositi kapena chidebe.
Colin Vanderlinden, "Malangizo 10 okwaniritsa bwino mabedi amtali".
