Mzere wapakati wa Russia umadziwika ndi nyengo ya chipale chofewa, yokhala ndi nyengo yozizira yotentha -30, kotentha, nyengo yotentha, komanso nyengo yotentha. Kubwera kuchokera kum'mphepete chakum'mwera kwa apurikoti, kubzala ndi kusamalira m'njira yapakati pamafunika yapadera. Chigwa cha ku Europe chimaphatikizapo madera kuyambira Belarus kupita kudera la Volga, kuchokera kumalire a Arkhangelsk kupita kudera la Black Earth. Kumpoto, mndandanda umakhala wochepa ndi taiga, kumwera - ndi nkhalango-steppe.
Zofunikira za apricot
Mukabweretsa mmera kuchokera kum'mwera kwa dzikolo, silikhala ndi moyo woipa, kapena mtengo sudzabala zipatso. Chifukwa chake, kubzala pakati mzere wa ma apricots ndi chisamaliro kumachitika poganizira zakomweko. Mitundu yatsopano yozolowera nyengo yakumaloko, yotchedwa zoned, yasinthidwa. Amabzalidwa m'mabande ogulitsa, kuchokera ku mbewu yazomera kapena kumezanitsa pamtengo.
Sikuti dothi lililonse kapena dothi lililonse ndi loyenera kukula kwa ma apricot. Kuuma kwa nyengo yozizira yamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumakhala kochepa, mitengo imafunikira kutetezedwa ku kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira ndi matenda. Zindikirika kuti mutha kubzala zipatso za mitengo ya zipatso ngati zinthu zakunja zimayang'aniridwa mukabzala komanso kusamalira apricots mumsewu wapakati:
- pakuyika, malo otsetsereka omwe amawunikira masana amasankhidwa;
- madzi apansi azikhala pansi, osapitirira 2m pamwamba;
- pakhale nsalu yotchinga kumphepo yakumpoto, khoma la nyumbayo, mpanda kapena zenera lotchinga;
- sankhani mbande zikuyenera kukhala zopatsa mphamvu nthawi yozizira;
- nthaka iyenera kukhala yotentha, yachonde yokhala ndi nyongolosi zambiri.
Ngati mungakweze malowa kukhala okwera masentimita 70 pamwamba pa nthaka, phirili lidzatentha mofulumira. Mizu imakwezeka kuchokera pansi pamadzi. Kuti inyowa, msuzi amakonzedwa. Akuluakulu apurikoti safuna kuthirira pafupipafupi.
Kubzala Apricot Orchard
Wogulitsa m'munda aliyense akufuna kutenga mbeu yoyamba mmera posachedwa. Mwina, mutabzala ma apricots mu kasupe, mbande zamtundu wosanja pazomerazo. Monga sitoko, plums zamtchire zamtchire, mitundu yam'deralo yomwe siyimawuma, imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Apurikoti amalumikizidwa pamlingo wa 1.2-1,5 m kuchokera kumunsi. Katemera mu thunthu pamtunda woterowo amateteza thunthu la apricot kuti liziwola - zoipa zamitengo pafupi ndi Moscow. Kuuma kwa nyengo yozizira ndi zipatso za apricot kumawonjezera. Monga kumtengowo mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Gulitsa mbande zotere mumbale. Muyenera kugula zinthu zodzala pokhapokha ku nazale.
Kubzala ma apulo mu kanjira apakati mutha kuchitika ndi mbande zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi mizu yotseguka. Nthawi yabwino kukafika kumapeto kwa Epulo. Chomera chaching'ono chimayenera kutetezedwa ku chisanu chobwerera. Zomera zosankhidwa m'deralo zotupa koma masamba otsekedwa zimasankhidwa. Mmera wotere umapereka zokolola mzaka zisanu ndi zitatu.
Mutha kupulumutsa mbeu zouma pamitengo yakumaloko, ndi kubzala mitengo ya zipatso kumapeto. Kuti muchite izi, konzani ngalande, mudzaze ndi dothi lotayirira, yikani mbewu, ikonkhe ndi nthaka ndi mulch ndi udzu kapena udzu. Stratation yachilengedwe idzadutsa, ndipo mu nthawi yamasika mbande zazing'ono zimadzuka, koma osati onse. Kubzala ndi kusamalira mbande ndikupanga korona, kupatsa mwayi kukula msanga ndi kutetezedwa ku matenda ndi tizirombo.
Chomwe chimasamalidwa ndi apricots ndikofunikira kuti azitha kukolola, ndikupanga mtengo wazipatso moyo wawo wonse.
Kodi ma apricots amakula ku Urals ndi Siberia
Mpaka posachedwapa, wochita masewera ena owonetsa ma apricot pawonetsero la mphatso ya dacha adachititsidwa manyazi ndi wamaluwa am'deralo ndikunyozedwa chifukwa chobala zipatso. Anali wokonda wamba Nikolai Pavlovich Pitelin wa ku Chelyabinsk. Anayamba kuyambitsa ma apurikoti ku Urals pogwiritsa ntchito agwada am'deralo ngati mbewu ya chitsa.
Kwa zaka 6, amafunafuna zinthu za scion. Mu 1992, adalandira zodulidwa kuchokera ku mitundu ya Khabarovsk ndi Akademik kuchokera ku Khabarovsk ndikuwabzala pambewu zaka 6 zakomwe. Kenako adalandira mitundu yosankhidwa kuchokera kumiyeso yoyamba, ndikuyambitsa Krasnoyarsk - Serafim ndi Amur.
Zotsatira zake, ndinalandira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya m'deralo, yomwe ndinkaigulitsa kwa wamaluwa. Ma apricots ku Urals ali ndi mizu. M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, mitengo ya apulo ndi yamtengo wapatali itamwalira, ma apricots adatsala. Koma nthawi yamaluwa, ndizovuta kuti muziwateteza ku chisanu obwerera, zomwe sizachilendo ku Urals. Mwa zaka khumi, ma apricots amabala zipatso kasanu ndi kamodzi, zaka zina, mbewuzo zidawonongeka. Koma maapulo, mapeyala, plums nawonso adavutika.
Kudera la Ural, ndikofunikira kuti zikule:
- Mtengo wamtundu wa Amur, wapakatikati, wokhala ndi zipatso zolemera 30 g, wokoma, wopatsa makilogalamu 40 pazaka zabwino, pang'ono wodzipatsa;
- Seraphim zosiyanasiyana, zipatso zolemera 30 g, minofu yowonda pang'ono, thupi lokoma ndi wowawasa, imapereka 30 kg, mitundu yodzilimbitsa;
- Khabarovsky osiyanasiyana, amphamvu, ophuka, amapereka mpaka 35 makilogalamu, kudzipulumutsa nokha, zipatso pamlingo wamitundu inayi;
- Wophunzira zosiyanasiyana, wamphamvu, zipatso mpaka 55 g zolemera, kulawa 4 mfundo.
Kubzala mitengo ya zipatso ku Siberia, mdera loopsa laulimi, kumachitidwanso ndi mitengo yakumbuyo. Apa, wofufuzira Ivan Leontyevich Baikalov adasankhidwa zaka 40, ndipo nazale ya Minusinsky idapangidwa ku Khakassia. Ntchito ya Baikalov kukonza mitundu yakumaloko sizinapangitse phindu, koma monga katundu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera a Ural ndi South Siberian.
Komabe, pali mitundu ingapo yomwe imakhala yozizira, imaphuka posachedwa ndipo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu ntchito ina yoswana:
- Siberian Baikalov adapangidwa motengera mitundu yosadziwika yochokera ku Far East. Zosiyanasiyana zidapangidwa ku Khakassia pawebusayiti yachinsinsi, yolembetsa mu 2002 ndi State Record. Mtengo wa 3.5 m, wamtunda, wosakhuthala, zipatso zamtundu wamaluwa.
- East Siberian ndi wosakanizidwa wamitundu ya Ordinary ndi Manchurian. Feature - limamasula mkati mwa Meyi. Zipatso 25-35 g, chokoma, pachokoma.
- Kuwala kwa Kumpoto ndi kachitatu kamtundu wosakanizidwa wolembedwa ndi Matyunin. Wosakanizidwa amakhala ndi kukana kwambiri chisanu. Maluwa a maluwa apakati pa Meyi eyiti, Amachokera ku madontho obwerera.
Chilendo pakukula kwa ma apricots a ku Siberiya pakubzala ndi mapiri okha, ndipo dzikolo liyenera kukhala lokwanira kuti mizu isazizire nyengo yachisanu. Kubzala mitundu ingapo ndikofunikira, popeza palibe mitundu yodzala yopanda chonde. Palibe chepetsa mphete chololedwa. Ndikofunikira kuteteza thanzi la mtengo womwe suvuta kukhalamo Siberia.
