Mbatata ndi mbewu yamasamba, popanda zomwe sizingatheke kulingalira moyo wa munthu waku Russia. Zomera zomwe zimakhala pachomera zimakhala ndi michere yambiri (wowuma, mapuloteni ...), ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa "mkate wachiwiri". Pakulima, chikhalidwechi ndimakonda, monga lamulo, ambiri m'mundamu amapatsidwa. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kuti akolole zabwino, palibe ntchito yofunika kuchita - mbatata imamera yokha ndipo kwenikweni siyofunika kusamalidwa. Izi siziri choncho. Chikhalidwe ichi, monga enanso ambiri, chimafunikira chisamaliro pazinthu zina zakutukuka. Ndi uti - nkhaniyi anena.
Werengani: liti kuti muthe kutulutsa mbatata koyamba!
Kubzala mbatata: timazindikira nthawi yake
Mbatata zimabzalidwa pomwe dothi limakutenthetsa bwino. Nthawi imeneyi pamasiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana imachitika nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
- Madera akumwera kwa Russia (mwachitsanzo, Krasnodar Territory). Mbatata zingabzalidwe pano m'zaka khumi zapitazi za March. Zowona, izi zimangogwira mitundu yoyambirira. Kubzala pakati pa nyengo kumachitika patapita nthawi pang'ono - chakumayambiriro kwa Epulo.
- Mzere wapakati wa Russia (mwachitsanzo, dera la Moscow). Madeti obzala mbatata m'derali ndi kumapeto kwa Epulo.
- Ural ndi Siberia. Kutentha kumafika kumapeto awa, chifukwa chake, kubzala mbatata kumachitika kokha koyambirira kwa Meyi.
Mbatata zimafunika kubzala munthawi yake. Ngati mungafike pasadakhale nthawi ndikubzala mbatata mu dothi losapsa, ndizotheka kuti ma tubers amakula bwino - kutulutsa pang'onopang'ono. Muyeneranso kuyang'anira chinyontho cha nthaka. Ngati mulingo ndi wokwera kwambiri, muzu wazomera ukhoza kuvunda ndikudwala kwanthawi yayitali..
Momwe mungabzala mbatata: chiwembu, nthawi yobzala
Kutambalala. Mbatata zimabzalidwa m'mizere. Mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala pafupifupi 70 cm, ndi 50 cm - chizindikiro chomwe chizikhala pakati pa tchire. Ngati mbewu za muzu ziyandikana wina ndi mnzake, ndiye kuti mbatata singakhale ndi malo okwanira, ndikukula.
Nthawi yayitali. Mbatata zingabzalidwe nthawi iliyonse. Palibe njira imodzi yoyenera. Wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amabzala m'mawa. Komabe, izi zitha kuchitika madzulo.
Magawo akuluakulu a chisamaliro cha mbatata: kuvala pamwamba, kuluka, kuthirira
Mbatata zimadyetsedwa m'magawo atatu:
Yoyamba imapezeka pakati pa Meyi (pamene tchire limamera masentimita 15 pamwamba pa nthaka). Mankhwala othandizira a nayitrogeni, mwachitsanzo, urea, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza. Ma granules amawumisirira m'madzi (supuni 1 pa malita 10) ndikuthiriridwa ndi njira yodzala. Kuvala pamwamba kotereku kumakupatsani mwayi wothamangitsa chitukuko, ndiye chifukwa chake chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira.
Chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba chikuyenera kuchitika nthawi ya maluwa. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa potashi: potaziyamu sulfate (1 tbsp. L.) Ndi phulusa lamatabwa (3 tbsp. LL). Zinthuzi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa mu ndowa ya malita 10 ndikuthiriridwa. Mavalidwe apamwamba oterewa ndikofunikira kuti tifulumizitse kukula kwa mbatata.
Chovala chotsiriza, chachitatu chapamwamba nthawi zambiri chimachitika kumayambiriro kwa mapangidwe a mizu (mutatha maluwa). Chifukwa chaichi, superphosphate (2 tbsp.) Ndipo kapu ya zitosi zam'madzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zosakaniza zonse zimaphatikizidwa ndi malita 10 amadzi ndikugwiritsira ntchito kuthirira. Pansi pa chitsamba chimodzi cha mbatata, theka la lita imodzi yothetsera imatsanuliridwa.
Yoyamba imapezeka pakati pa Meyi (pamene tchire limamera masentimita 15 pamwamba pa nthaka). Mankhwala othandizira a nayitrogeni, mwachitsanzo, urea, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza. Ma granules amawumisirira m'madzi (supuni 1 pa malita 10) ndikuthiriridwa ndi njira yodzala. Kuvala pamwamba kotereku kumakupatsani mwayi wothamangitsa chitukuko, ndiye chifukwa chake chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira.
Chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba chikuyenera kuchitika nthawi ya maluwa. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa potashi: potaziyamu sulfate (1 tbsp. L.) Ndi phulusa lamatabwa (3 tbsp. LL). Zinthuzi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa mu ndowa ya malita 10 ndikuthiriridwa. Mavalidwe apamwamba oterewa ndikofunikira kuti tifulumizitse kukula kwa mbatata.
Chovala chotsiriza, chachitatu chapamwamba nthawi zambiri chimachitika kumayambiriro kwa mapangidwe a mizu (mutatha maluwa). Chifukwa chaichi, superphosphate (2 tbsp.) Ndipo kapu ya zitosi zam'madzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zosakaniza zonse zimaphatikizidwa ndi malita 10 amadzi ndikugwiritsira ntchito kuthirira. Pansi pa chitsamba chimodzi cha mbatata, theka la lita imodzi yothetsera imatsanuliridwa.
Kubzala mbatata mwina ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa mbewuyi. Chinsinsi cha njirayi ndikuwunika dziko lapansi pachitsamba cha mbatata. Hill imalimbikitsidwa kawiri pachaka. Chithandizo choyamba chimachitika pomwe chomera chikufika masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Kutalika. Njira imeneyi imatha kuchitika madzulo komanso m'mawa. Komabe, olima dimba ambiri adawona kuti ndibwino kupota mbatata mvula ikagwa. Gawo lachiwiri limachitika pakapangidwa masamba. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kumapeto kwa Meyi (kutengera dera). Kukulitsa kumakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera zokolola pochepera 30 peresenti. Izi zimachitika chifukwa zimayambira m'tchire, chifukwa chowonjezera pamtunda, lolani njira zina zomwe pambuyo pake zimapanga ma tubers owonjezera.
Musaiwale za kuthirira mbatata. Popanda izi, mbewu nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuvutika. Makamaka, zigawo zakumwera kwa Russia (mwachitsanzo, Crimea) ndizovuta kwambiri. Apa, chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha, mbatata zimafunikira kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata. Ngati tikunena za zigawo zapakati komanso kumpoto kwa Russian Federation, ndiye kuti mbewu zamizu zimasowa, monga lamulo, mpweya wamlengalenga. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti muyenera kusiya kuthirira kwathunthu. Komabe, mkati mwa nyengo, mbewu zidzafunika madzi katatu: mphukira zikaoneka, masamba ndi maluwa ayamba.
Momwe mungathanirane ndi kachilombo ka mbatata ya Colorado
Nthawi zina tizirombo timalepheretsa kupeza mbewu yabwino ya mbatata. Mdani wamkulu ndi kachilomboka. Tizilombo timeneti timakhala m'nthaka ndipo timakhudza mbewu yazipatso kuchokera mkati. Ngati palibe njira zomwe zikutsatidwa, ndiye, malinga ndi ofufuza, zitha kuwononga mahekitala awiri obzala panthawi iliyonse. Pali njira zingapo zomwe wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito kuthana ndi tizilombo:
- Zamapangidwe. Dzinali limatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera. Mwa zina zodziwika bwino: "Decis", "Fastak", "Ratibor", "Arrivo", "Bankol". Mankhwalawa onse amawonetsa zotsatira zabwino. Komabe, sizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kawirikawiri, ngakhale zitsimikiziro zonse zomwe opanga amapanga.
- Njira za anthu. Sali othandiza, koma ali otetezeka 100%. Masamba a Lingonberry (owuma) ndiofala pakati pa wamaluwa. Amawaza ndi iwo (masamba ayenera kukhala pansi) pamwamba pa chitsamba chonse cha mbatata. Amakhulupirira kuti njirayi imalepheretsa. Zowona, zimagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi achinyamata (mphutsi).
Mankhwala omaliza a mbatata ayenera kuchitika masiku osachepera 20 asanakolole. Kupanda kutero, mutha kudyedwa mosavuta.
Palibe zovuta kulima mbatata m'dziko lanu kapena chani. Chachikulu ndichoti mudziwe nthawi yanji kuti mugwire hilling ndipo musaiwale kuthirira tchire nthawi ndi nthawi.
