Platycodon (Platycodon) ndi maluwa ochokera mu maluwa ochokera ku banja la a Kolokolchikov, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Japan ndi China, ku Korea ndi Far East. Chikhalidwe chimatha kupezeka m'mphepete mwa nkhalango komanso pobisalira, komanso pamiyala yamiyala. Mtundu umodzi wokha umadziwika mu maluwa a maluwa - platicodon Grandiflorus. Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki, dzina la duwa limamasulira "belu lonse." Masamba osatseguka amafanana ndi nyali zazing'ono mawonekedwe. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Snowflakes, Shell Pink, Fairy Snow, Epioema, Album ndi Marisil Blue.
Kufotokozera kwamaluwa a platicodon
Zina zosiyanitsa ndizosatha ndizoperewera, zowonda komanso zowonda masentimita 20-80, zokhala ndi masamba ambiri amtundu wamaluwa, maluwa amtundu umodzi kapena inflorescence wa oyera, lilac, wofiirira, wofiirira ndi pinki hue, komanso mabokosi azipatso omwe ali ndi njere zowoneka ngati mazira mitundu. Nthawi ya maluwa a platicodone imatha masiku 50-60 ndipo imayamba theka lachiwiri la Julayi. Platicodon moyandikana ndi mbewu zambiri m'munda wamaluwa ndi m'munda. Zomera zabwino kwambiri ndi gypsophila, bluebell, phlox.
Kukula kwa platicodone kuchokera ku mbewu
Kubzala platicodone
Mbewu za Platicodon zimafesedwa nthawi yomweyo m'munda wamaluwa, komabe njira yodalirika ndiyodalirika. Nthawi yabwino yofesa: kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Kukonzekera kubzala zinthu kumatengera kulima kosalima. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera thumba laling'ono lachiwaya momwe mbewu zimathiridwa, ndi chidebe chagalasi chokhala ndi madzi ofunda. Mbewu zimasiyidwa m'madzi kuti zitheke kwa maola 48.
Kubzala mabokosi kapena maluwa m'malo ambiri kumadzaza maluwa, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mchenga wofanana ndi mitsinje, dothi la peat ndi humus, ndikumasula ndikufesa mbewuzo mpaka akuya ma 3-5 mm kapena pamtunda. Zinthu zofunikira kubzala ziyenera kuwazidwa ndi mchenga wowonda ndikumunyowetsedwa ndi madzi osamba firiji kuchokera kutsitsi labwino. Mbande zizioneka masiku 7 mpaka 14. Kukula konseku kumafuna kuthirira nthawi ndi nthawi, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika pokhapokha kuyanika kwa gawo lapansi. Mabokosi akuluakulu, okutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira, ayenera kuyikidwa m'chipinda chowala komanso chotentha. Mbewu ikadzamera, mbewuzo zimayenera kuchotsedwa ndipo matenthedwe amasintha mpaka madigiri 18 Celsius.
Kusamalira mmera wa Placodon
Kusamalira mmera kumakhala kuthirira ndi kumasula nthaka. Choyamba, dothi limasungunuka, ndipo zitatha izi zimakhazikika. Pambuyo pakuwonekera masamba atatu athunthu, mbewuzo zimalowa m'miyeso yamaluwa yaying'ono (osaposa 10 cm). Kutsegulira poyera kumachitika limodzi ndi mtanda waukulu.
Kuyambika kwa platicodone panthaka
Mukadzala platicodone
Nthawi yabwino yosamutsa mbande m'mabedi a maluwa otseguka ndi zaka eyiti za Meyi kapena khumi oyambira a June. Ngakhale matalala ofunda ausiku amatha kuvulaza mbewu zazing'ono, chifukwa chake muyenera kuyembekezera nyengo yofunda.
Tsambalo limasankhidwa bwino pamalo owonekera, owala kapena owala bwino. Kutunga bwino kumalimbikitsa. Dothi liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi komanso lotayirira ndikunyowa chinyezi, osalowerera. Izi zitha kukhala zopanda kapena nthaka yachonde yophatikiza ndi mchenga komanso kupezeka kambiri pansi pamadzi. Asanabzale, malowo ayenera kuti anakumbidwa, ndikuyambitsa phulusa la nkhuni ndi feteleza wa mineral pomakumba. Pa mita ya mraba iliyonse, muyenera supuni yovuta kudya ndi theka lagalasi la phulusa.
Ndikofunikira kusankha malo a platicodone, komwe adzamva bwino kwa nthawi yayitali popanda kusintha (sakonda njirazi). Pafupifupi, m'malo amodzi chomera chimatha kuphuka pafupifupi zaka khumi.
Momwe mungabzalale plikodon
Mabowo obzala amakhala patali pafupifupi 30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, kuchuluka kwake kumadalira kukula kwa gawo la chomera. Kuya ndi kutalika kwa bowo kuyenera kupitilira kukula kwa mbande zadothi. Zomera zazing'ono zimathiridwa madzi musanachotsedwe mumiphika, kenako, pamodzi ndi mtanda wanthaka, zimasinthidwa kudzenje lobzala. Kudzaza dzenje ndi nthaka, kutsirira koyamba kumachitika.
Kusamalira platicodone m'munda
Pakadutsa masiku 10-15 mutabzala, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira mbewu zazing'ono za Platicodon tsiku lililonse, kuyambira sabata lachitatu, katatu pa sabata. A maluwa osatha sakonda chinyezi chambiri.
Kumasulira ndikudula nthaka kumachitika ndikofunikira, koma nthawi zonse mutanyowetsa nthaka. Udzu wamasamba uyenera kuchotsedwa pamlingo wowoneka bwino.
Mulching ingapulumutse nthawi ya wophunzirayo ndipo idzathandiza kwambiri maluwa. Mulch imateteza ku maudzu ndipo imapangitsa nthaka kukhala yonyowa komanso yotayikira kwanthawi yayitali.
Ma feteleza ovuta am'mimba opangira maluwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi pamwezi limodzi ndi kuthilira.
Kuti masamba obzala asamatambasule, amalimbikitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti azitsina pamwamba kapena kuti utsi ndi njira zapadera zomwe zimathandiza kukula pang'onopang'ono.
Mitundu itali kapena yobzala yopitilira muyeso imawononga chithunzi chonse m'maluwa ndi maluwa. Kuti musunge zokongoletsera, amalima maluwa amalangizidwa kuti apange thandizo laling'ono la maluwa ndikuwamangirira, ndipo musaiwale zakuchotsa kwapadera kwa masamba osweka.
Platicodon pambuyo maluwa
Kutoletsa mbewu
Kutolere mbewu kumachitika m'dzinja loyambilira. Pofika nthawi ino, ma bango a platicodon adzauma, ndipo ma boll omwe ali ndi njere mkati amayamba kusweka.
Kukonzekera yozizira
Platicodon si mbewu yolimbana ndi chisanu chifukwa chake, nthawi yachisanu, iyenera kukhala pansi pa chivundikiro chodalirika komanso chotentha. Pofika m'dzinja, mbewu zikagulitsidwa kale, gawo lakuthwa la masamba a herbaceous liyenera kudulidwa kwathunthu. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba pansi yonse ya dimba kapena dimba la maluwa ndi mulching wosanjikiza pafupifupi masentimita 10. Peat, utuchi, masamba owuma, humus kapena lapnik angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mulch.
Kuswana kwa Platicodon
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Kudula sikukutchuka pakufalitsa platicodone. Chomera chimazika mizu mosasamala, mutha kuwononga nthawi ndi mphamvu, koma aliyense angayese. Kwa odulidwa, njira za tsinde ndi chidendene ndi ma homode angapo (osachepera awiri) adzafunika. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, zodulidwa zotalika 10 cm zimayenera kudulidwa ndikuyika m'mchenga kapena gawo lapansi lapadera la maluwa. Pamwamba pa phesi lililonse, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba ndi kapu kapena pulasitiki. Mu wowonjezera kutentha pang'ono, njira zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mizu yawo.
Kubalana mwa kugawa chitsamba
Popeza platicodon osatha sakonda kuziika, zitha kusamutsa kugawika tchire ndi zotsatirapo zoipa. Mtengowo umathiriridwa, umachotsedwa mosamala pansi ndikugawikana magawo angapo. Chida chosalala chokha ndi chomwe chimalimbikitsidwa kuti adzipatule. Gawoli lirilonse limayenera kukhala ndi duwa lokula. Malo odulira amayenera kuwaza ndi phulusa la nkhuni kapena kuyambitsa mpweya wa kaboni, kenako ndikabzala nthawi yomweyo m'mundamo. Kaya platicodone idzapulumuka pambuyo podzipatula sichikudziwika.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Njira yolereka imatengedwa kuti ndi yodalirika komanso yotsimikizika. Kumera kwa mbewu ndikokwera. Ngakhale woyambitsa maluwa otulutsa maluwa amatha kukula mbande za njere.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Platicodone imagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Chomera chimangodwala pokhapokha ngati ulimi wothirira ukaphwanyidwa kapena nthawi yamvula yotalikilapo. M'malo okhala chinyezi, nthawi zambiri imvi imayamba, yomwe imabweretsa ngozi ku mbewu zonse. Poyamba mawonekedwe a zowola, ayenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu:
- Chotsani toyesa matenda pamalowo;
- Sungani njira yothirira;
- Khwimitsa nthaka.
Pomaliza kutaya matendawa, fungicides imalapidwa. Kawiri ndi masiku khumi, mbewu zonse ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi solution ya mkuwa wa sulfate kapena Fundazole (2% solution).
Mwa tizirombo, mbewa ndi timadontho timayambitsa mavuto akulu a maluwa a platicodone. Kuyambira kupezeka kwawo m'mundamo, mizu yake imawonongeka ndipo tchire loyenda maluwa limafa. Mutha kuthana ndi mbewa pakufalitsa nyambo ndi mankhwala ophatikiza ndi mbewu monga chimanga kapena zinthu zina mdera lonse. Koma kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri kulimbana ndi timadontho. Makoko awa amatha kuwopa kuchotsedwa ndi mpweya kapena utsi wamphete. Kuti muchite izi, mufunika chingwe chamanja ndi payipi yopira. Kumalekezero a payipi kumayikidwa mu dzenje la nyamayo, ndipo linalo limaphatikizidwa ndi dzenje lakutha. Chingwe chikutsegulidwa ndikuyembekezera kuti moleyo athawe kuchokera pamenepo.
