Pafupifupi chilichonse pabanja mungapeze adyo. Chaka chilichonse, kubzala adyo mchaka panthaka, izi ndizochitika kwa aliyense wokhala chilimwe. Chomera cha muzu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zakudya zosiyanasiyana zonunkhira, ngati mankhwala a mankhwala achikhalidwe ndi zina.
Momwe mungabzale bwino, kusamalira chomera, timvetsetsa m'nkhaniyi.
Zosiyanasiyana za adyo
Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yamasamba - kasupe ndi nthawi yozizira. Amasiyana kwambiri maonekedwe, nthawi yofikira, ndi malo osungira.
Garlic wozizira
Mitundu yozizira imadziwika ndi kale komanso kucha mwachangu. Garlic obzalidwa pansi mu kugwa, ndipo kumapeto kwa kasupe mumatha kusangalala ndi zipatso za ntchito yanu. Koma, gwiritsani ntchito, nthawi zambiri, kuphika. Mtunduwu sukusungidwa bwino.
Mitundu yozizira imaponya mivi, ndipo mudzakhala ndi nthawi yowonjezerapo kuti muwachotse. Koma, mutachita kunyenga kosavuta, mudzapeza mitu yayikuru ndi onunkhira.
Adyo wamasamba
Kusintha kwa masika kumabzalidwa masika, pamodzi ndi masamba ndi masamba onse. Mituyo imapangidwa mwanjira yoti mano owonjeza kwambiri ndi okulirapo kuposa omwe ali pakati. Adyo oterewa amasungidwa kwanthawi yayitali, mpaka nthawi yokolola yotsatira. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kungoyika pamalo abwino.
Iliyonse mwazinthu zamtunduwu imakhala ndi zabwino zake, mbali zabwino komanso zoyipa, koma m'nkhani yathuyi tikambirana kwambiri za kubzala adyo kasupe poyera.
Momwe angakonzekere mabedi?
Ambiri olima dimba amakhulupirira kuti adyo ndi mbewu yosasinthika, ndipo kulikonse komwe mungadzabzale, imakula. Izi siziri choncho, kuti muthe kukolola bwino muyenera kukonzekera dothi lanu pobzala masamba onunkhira.
Pa gawo lokonzekera, muyenera kuganizira malangizo osavuta awa:
- Kubzala adyo kasupe poyera kumatanthauza dera lathyathyathya komanso lotentha. Mukadzala chomera mumthunzi, kapena chigwa chochepa, chimakula bwino, nthawi zambiri chimadwala ndikuola.
- Zabwino koposa zonse, adyo amakula pa loam, kapena m'nthaka yomwe imadzaza ndi feteleza wachilengedwe.
- Mukamasankha malo oti mubzale, musagwiritse ntchito mabedi omwe tomato, anyezi ndi nkhaka kale zidamera. Dera lomwe mbatata, nyemba, kapena kabichi lidabyalidwa.
- Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kukulitsa adyo pamalo otsetsereka pafupi ndi sitiroberi, rasipiberi kapena maluwa. Ndi fungo lake lakuthwa, imawopseza tizilombo komanso tizirombo tomwe timakondwera kudya zakudya zabwino.
Kukula adyo pabedi lomwelo kwa zaka zopitilira ziwiri zotsutsana sikuli koyenera. Ndikwabwino kupatsanso tsambalo zaka zosachepera zinayi. Chifukwa chake mumalandira zokolola zabwino kwambiri.
Kubzala adyo
Popeza adyo sapeka mbewu, imabzala ndi mano ake, kapena mothandizidwa ndi babu yaying'ono yomwe imawonekera pamwamba pa muvi.
Kubzala adyo mu kasupe poyera, mano ayenera kukonzekera kaye:
- Sanjani mosamala mano. Muyenera kusankha chachikulu kwambiri, popanda kuwonongeka ndi zizindikiro zowola. Ngakhale pali dzino limodzi lolowera m'mutu, ena onse ndiosafunikanso kukakhazikika. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, makamaka ngati zidakonzedwa kuti zibzale adyo kasupe pachaka chotseguka ku Urals, pomwe nthaka siyimasiyana pazomera.
- Kuteteza mbewu ku fungus, iyenera kunyowa kwa mphindi zingapo ku Fitosporin. Ngati mankhwalawa alibe, njira yocheperako ya potaziyamu ndi yoyenera.
- Kuti musinthe zokolola, zilowerere dzino lililonse kumadzimadzi kuchokera phulusa. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera kutenga phulusa 500 la phulusa, kuthira ndi madzi okwanira, ndikuwiritsa kwa theka la ola. Ndiye ozizira. Njira iyi imakhala ngati feteleza wabwino kwambiri pamtengowo.
Patulani matayala ndikuchita zosetsa musananyamuke. Mukachita izi pasadakhale, tsinde lidzauma ndipo mizu yake singakulire.
Kubzala adyo?
Ambiri wamaluwa amakangana nthawi yobzala adyo panthaka. Nthawi yabwino yofesa ndi kumapeto kwa Marichi komanso kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, pomwe dzuwa ladzuwa lotentha layamba kale kutenthetsa nthaka, ndipo mphepo yozizira imasiya kuwomba.
Koma, izi ndi machitidwe wamba, ndipo mwini aliyense akuyenera kutsogoleredwa ndi nyengo. Chifukwa chake, kubzala adyo m'nthaka ku Siberia kumachitika patapita nthawi pang'ono kusiyana ndi madera akumwera. Koma, chisanu chikasungunuka kwathunthu, ndipo dziko lapansi likauma pang'ono - mutha kuyamba kugwira ntchito.
Mizere imayikidwa bwino kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera. Chifukwa chake mbewu zidzayatsidwa ndi dzuwa. Mtunda pakati pa zovala ziwiri za adyo uzikhala wosachepera 8-10 cm, kuti athe kukhazikika kwathunthu, osasokoneza mzake.
Kusamalira mbewu mutabzala
Mutabzala adyo mchaka panthaka, muyenera kudikirira mphukira, masamba awiri oyamba. Kenako muyenera kumasula timipata kuti mupatse mizu mphamvu ya okosijeni, komanso mulch ndi peat kapena humus.
Kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kochulukirapo, ngati muzu wabwinobwino wakusowa chinyontho, ndiye kuti mitu yake imakhala yaying'ono, ndipo mwina singapangike nkomwe. Chifukwa chake, ngati kasupe ndi chilimwe m'dera lanu zili zouma, ndiye kuti kuthilira kuyenera kuperekedwa tsiku lililonse. Mwachitsanzo, kubzala adyo mu kasupe poyera mu Transbaikalia kumapereka chiyambi cha ulimi wothirira kuyambira nthawi yomwe nthaka imala.
Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June, chinyezi cha nthaka chiyenera kuyimitsidwa, ndipo mitu iyenera kuloledwa kuti iwume bwino kuti ikolole. Pakadali pano, kukula kwamphamvu kumayima, ndipo mizu imafa. Pamwamba pomauma, masamba amatha kukolola.
Kukolola kwa mizu kumayambira kutengera mitundu, koma nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizira kumapeto kwa Julayi komanso kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti. Ndikokwanira kungodula mutu ndi fosholo, kuyiyika mudengu, ndikuyiyika pamalo abwino.
Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti kubzala ndi kusamalira adyo kutchire sikungakubweretsereni mavuto ndi zovuta, ndipo zokolola zidzakhala zabwino kwambiri pantchito yomwe mwachita.
