Matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi zochita za mabakiteriya ndi protozoa ndizofala kwambiri mu nkhuku. Vuto limodzi lalikulu lomwe lili mnyumba za nkhuku ndi coccidiosis m'makola am'madzi, zizindikiro ndi chithandizo cha matendawa ziyenera kudziwika kwa alimi onse a nkhuku. The causative wothandizira wa coccidiosis ndi mtundu wa zolengedwa zosavuta kwambiri za Eimeria zomwe zimalowa m'thupi la mbalame ndi madzi kapena chakudya.
Kuyambitsa coccidiosis m'madzimo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ochepa tokwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, mitundu ingapo ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono imatha kukhazikika nthawi yomweyo m'matumbo a mbalame.
Onse omwe ali mkati mwa moyo amawononga epithelial membrane wa dongosolo logaya chakudya, zomwe zimatsogolera ku:
- kutaya magazi;
- necrosis ya malo amisempha;
- kuledzera;
- ku chiwopsezo cha kufala kwa matenda opatsirana.
Matendawa amayambitsa zowononga zazikulu zazing'ono. Chifukwa cha zovuta za m'mimba, nkhuku zimavutika ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya. Ngati zizindikiro za matendawa sizingaganiziridwe, ana ake amatha kufa popanda chithandizo.
Zizindikiro za coccidiosis mu broilers
Chowopsa cha matendawa ndikuti mbalame zisanayambike, ngakhale kudziwa zizindikiro zonse za coccidiosis, ndizosatheka kuzizindikira. Matendawa amatuluka popanda chizindikiro chowoneka:
- Komabe, mukamaona nkhukuzi mosamala, zimapezeka kuti zachepetsa, mankhwalawo amayamba kuwoneka osasangalatsa.
- Pa gawo lotsatira, woweta nkhuku amazindikira kusintha kwa zinyalala. Amasanduka madzi ndi kusakanikirana kwa magazi ndi fungo losasangalatsa la chitho.
- Kwambiri mbalameyo ndi yotupa, ludzu losadziwika limawonedwa.
- Achichepere achichepere amasiya kukula, kulemera kwawo sikukula.
Atazindikira zizindikiritso za matendawa, monga momwe chithunzi, ozizira amathandizidwa nthawi yomweyo. Woweta nkhuku ali ndi masiku anayi kuti achitepo kanthu mwachangu, kutero nkhuku zazing'ono zimatha kufa tsiku lachisanu.
Zikavuta zikavutikabe, nkhuku zakufa zimatsegulidwa. Kukhazikitsa matenda a coccidiosis mu broilers amalola kuti:
- maonekedwe oipitsidwa a nyama yokhotakhota;
- matumbo otupa, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matumbo a fetid amadzimadzi;
- madontho ofiira okhala ngati zitosi zosungidwa mkati mwa mtembo;
- kukulitsa chiwindi ndi mawanga achilendo padziko lonse lapansi.
Chithandizo cha coccidiosis mu broilers
Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda otsekemera, mankhwala apadera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a coccidiosis amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza nkhuku.
Masiku ano, alimi a nkhuku ali ndi zinthu zingapo zomwe, akaziwonjezera ku chakudya, zimayimitsa msanga kukula kwa coccidia. Popereka mankhwala, amatsatira mfundo yoti mankhwalawa amasankhidwa kuti athandizidwe, kupewetsa komanso kupewa kufa msanga:
- sayenera kudziunjikira m'thupi la mbalame;
- sangakhale woopsa kwa mbalame ndi anthu;
- sizikhudzana ndikukula kwa nyama zazing'ono;
- osati osokoneza mbalame;
- Chitha kuperekedwa ndi chakudya, koma sichisintha kukoma kwake ndipo sichitha mphamvu zake.
Kwa coccidiosis, ma broilers ndi mankhwala a cocciprodin, omwe amawononga kapangidwe ka pathogen ndikuletsa kukula kwa coccidia. Mankhwalawa amadziwitsidwa m'madzi malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa. Mbalamezi zimapatsidwa zakumwa zochiritsira kwa masiku awiri, ndipo muzovuta kwambiri, patatha masiku asanu, ma broiler amawagulitsanso ndi madzi ndi coccyprodine.
Imfa ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imabweretsa kuti Avatek 15% SS igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mbalame. Kapangidwe kamakemikolo sikamalowa m'matumbo ndipo amachotsa m'thupi, kumangoyendetsa protozoa woipa. Chifukwa chake, Avatek amapatsa pafupifupi kuyambira masiku oyamba mpaka miyezi 4 yobadwa. Potsimikizira zizindikiro za coccidiosis pochizira ma broilers, mankhwalawa amasakanikirana ndi chakudya pamlingo wa magalamu 5 pa 10 makilogalamu osakaniza.
Njira imodzi yotchuka yothana ndi coccidiosis ndi kupewa kwake ndi Baykoks. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwanso ndi madzi akumwa, kuwonjezera 1 ml pa lita imodzi yamadzimadzi, ndipo mitsinje yaodwala imagulitsidwa kwa masiku awiri. Maphunzirowa amabwerezedwanso pamavuto akulu matendawa.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga Koktsidiovit ndi Madikok, omwe amagwira ntchito motsutsana ndi coccidiosis mu broilers, amawonjezeredwa kudyetsa. Amprolium ndiyosinthika 30% ndipo imatha kupezeka m'madzi komanso chakudya cha nkhuku.
Nthawi zina, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda oopsa. Mwachitsanzo ndi metronidazole yomwe idawonjezeredwa kudyetserako, mlingo wake wa nkhuku zowiritsa uyenera kuyikidwa ndi veterinarian, chifukwa makamaka ali mwana, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa popanda vuto kumatha kuvulaza mbalame. Trichopolum imafanana, imapezeka paliponse, yomwe ndi yosavuta kuyambitsa kumwa.
Tsoka ilo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mobwerezabwereza, coccidia imayamba kusungika pazinthu zomwe zimagwira. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, mankhwala ali mwanjira yapadera.
Kupewera kwa coccidiosis mu nkhuku za broiler
Pofuna kuti musakumane ndi zizindikiro za coccidiosis m'mazira ndi chithandizo cha matenda owopsa, nthawi zina owopsa, ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito yoletsa.
Njira zodziwonera zodziwira matendawa komanso kutentha pang'ono sikungaphe ziwonetsero za matendawa, chifukwa pokonza nkhuku, zida zonse, makhoma, ma cell ndi maselo amawotchedwa ndi blowtorch.
Makamaka obereketsa nkhuku osamala ayenera kukhala mu nyengo yotentha, zomwe zimathandizira kuti pakhale kubereka komanso kusasitsa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a coccidiosis. Ndi chinyezi chachikulu, ndikofunikira kusintha zinyalala nthawi zambiri ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Udindo wofunikira pakukaniza kutenga matenda umaseweredwa ndi mkhalidwe wakukhazikika kwa mbalame. Kuti anapiyewo azikula movutikira komanso mwachangu, amapatsidwa mavitamini opanga ma broiler, komanso amasamalira zakudya zopatsa thanzi, zakudya ndi madzi.
