Kuti tikwaniritse kumera kokwanira, ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito yokonzekera isanadze. Mndandanda wa ntchito umaphatikizapo kusanja nthanga ndi kukula, njira zothandizira kupewa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi akuwuka. Izi zithandizira mbeu yabwino ndikuthandizira pakukula kwakukulu.
Njira yodulira nyemba m'madzi kapena munjira yatsopano imapangitsa kuti zimere kale. Izi ndizofunikira kusunga chodzala, popeza mbewuzo zimatha kudyedwa kapena kuwonongeka ndi tizirombo kapena kuyamba kuwola chifukwa chokhala nthawi yayitali munthaka yonyowa. Kuchepetsa kumapangitsa mbewu kuti zimere osati mwachangu, komanso zochuluka.
Kukonzekera kulowetsa mbewu
Kutsetsa mbewu kuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha ngati mukuyenera kuti muchotse mankhwala ophera tizirombo toyambitsa matenda osafunikira makamaka musanawabzala m'nthaka. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera osati mbewu zokha, komanso kachidutswa kakang'ono ka gauze, madzi ndi chidebe (mwachitsanzo, sosi kapena mbale yayikulu). Madzi amayenera kutsukidwa, kusungunuka kapena kusungidwa m'mabotolo osapakidwa. Zingakhale bwino ngati madziwo amachokera kuchitsime kapena kwina. Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa ambiri ndi okhala pachilimwe salimbikitsa kuti musagwiritse ntchito madzi apampopi pazolinga izi, ngakhale mutha kuzipeza.
Kucheka ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mbewu zokhala ndi chipolopolo chophatikizika, zomwe zimachedwetsa kumera ndi kwa zomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira. Dzungu, chivwende, tsabola wokoma ndi wowawa, zukini, tomato ndi nkhaka, nandolo ndi nyemba zimakhala ndi nthangala ndi chipolopolo. Ndipo njere za mbewu monga parsley, udzu winawake, katsabola, kaloti ndi zipatso zopukutira zimakhala ndi mafuta ofunikira omwe amasokoneza kumera mwachangu. Akanyowa, mafutawa amachapidwa, ndipo njira zotumphuka zimathandizira.
Malamulo oyambira akunyowa
M'makonzedwe okonzedwa, muyenera kuyika chidutswa chonyowa cha minofu yopyapyala kapena yopyapyala pomwe mbewu zakonzedwazo zimayikidwa, ndipo pamwamba - gawo lachiwiri la minofu yomweyo.
Tenthetsani madzi mpaka kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 35 ndikuwadzaza ndi chidebe cha njere mu gauze. Madzi ayenera kukhala omveka. Ngati madzi amdima kapena asintha mtundu, ndiye kuti muyenera kusintha.
Kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mbewu ndizofanana pa mbewu monga nyemba, nandolo, beets, katsabola ndi parsley. Koma kwa nthanga za maungu, chivwende, zukini, nkhaka ndi phwetekere, kuchuluka kwa madzi sikuyenera kupitirira 50% ya kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu.
Mbewu zonyowa zimasungidwa bwino kwambiri m'chipinda chamdima kutentha kwa madigiri 21-25 Celsius kwa maola awiri mpaka masiku awiri, kutengera mbewu.
Popeza palibe kufunika kwa mbewu mumlengalenga, mutha kumangolongedza chidebe ndi thumba mu thumba lopangidwa ndi polyethylene. Nyumba yobiriwira yaying'onoyo iyenera kukhala m'chipinda chofunda, chamdima.
Kutalika kwa mbewu m'madzi sikuyenera kupitilira nthawi, popeza zimatha kufa. Mwachitsanzo:
- Kwa zukini, nkhaka, chivwende, tomato ndi beets - maola 17-18.
- Kwa katsabola, parsley, kaloti, anyezi - masiku awiri.
- Kwa mbewu zazikulu ndi mawonekedwe a mealy - kuchokera 2 mpaka 4 maola.
Kuthira mbewu mu bio-yankho
Njira zothandizira kubereka zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbeu zimere mwachangu zitha kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera a olima. Mtundu wawo ndi wolemera komanso osiyanasiyana.
Zircon - Chipangizo chachilengedwe chomwe chimakhala ndi chicory acid komanso chimalimbikitsa kukula msanga. Mankhwalawa amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwamphamvu zolimbikitsa zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbewu zikukula mwachangu komanso osati mbande zokha, komanso muzu wa mbande zazing'ono.
Epin - Kukonzekera kumakhazikitsidwa pazomera ndikuthandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mbewu zam'mera, komanso kuthekera kwawo kuzolowera nyengo yovuta nyengo (mwachitsanzo, kutsitsa mpweya, kusowa kwa kuyatsa). Njira yosinthira mbande kuti ikhale ndi moyo watsopano imakhala yopweteka.
Chititsani manyazi - okonzekera chilengedwe potengera humic acid.
Kuphatikiza pa kukonzekera komwe kunakonzedwa kale, mutha kuthira nthangala mu kulowetsedwa mosakonzekera. Mayankho achilengedwe oterewa amakonzedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana kutengera chikhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo:
- kabichi, radish, nandolo ndi nyemba - kulowetsedwa kwa chamomile.
- kwa tomato, nkhaka, anyezi, kaloti, katsabola - kulowetsedwa kwa valerian.
- kwa sipinachi, beets, squash - kulowetsedwa kwa mullein.
Kuti zilowerere nyemba, timalimbikitsidwanso kutenga msuzi watsopano wa aloe ndi kulowetsedwa phulusa (kutengera phulusa la nkhuni).
Momwe zilowerere makamaka pachomera chilichonse
Kuthira Mbewu za nkhaka
Choyambirira kuchita musananyowe ndikutsuka bwinobwino, mkati mwa maola awiri ndi awiri, pukutsani mbewu pafupi ndi malo otentha (mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi chipangizo chotenthetsera kapena batire yotentha). Gawo lachiwiri ndikusintha mbewu. Muyenera kutaya zochitika zonse zapamwamba. Ndipo chotsatira chokhacho ndikuwotchera mbewu munjira yachilengedwe kapena mwachilengedwe. Munthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera (kwa nkhaka ndi maora 12), zinthu zobzala sizitupa kapena kuyamba kumera, komanso zitha kupatsirana mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Olimi odziwa ntchito zamaluwa amalangiza njirayi kuti ichitidwe ndi njere ndi ndiwo zamasamba ena: maungu, radish, chivwende, kabichi, zukini ndi sikwashi.
Kukunyika katsabola ndi mbewu ya parsley
Kubzala zofunikira mwa mbewuzi kumakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira, kotero makulidwe amasintha kwa masiku awiri. Mafuta ofunikira amateteza mawonekedwe a mbande ndipo amayenera kutsukidwa. Mbewu zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zizisiyidwa ndikusungunuka kapena kuseketsa madzi (kapena kuyeretsedwa) masiku angapo musanabzule kwa maola osachepera 48. Mutanyowetsa nthanga, muyenera kupatula nthawi kuti ziume. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kuchipinda chamdima. Ngati magawo onse a ndondomekoyi achitidwa molondola, ndiye kuti chodzala mutatha kuyanika chimakhala chophweka.
April imawerengedwa kuti ndi nthawi yabwino yofesa masamba (katsabola ndi parsley). Pamodzi ndi iwo, mbewu zamasamba monga masamba a zipatso, kaloti ndi letesi zimatha kukonzekera kubzala chimodzimodzi.
Kulowetsa Mbewu za Beet
Njere za Beet zikulimbikitsidwa kuti zidziwidwe pokonzekera izi pobzala masiku angapo m'mbuyomu. Zomera zobzala ziyenera kusanjidwa, zichotsani mbeu zonse zowonongeka komanso zotsika mtengo. Njira yotupa mbewu za beet imatha tsiku limodzi. Madzi owiritsa akuyenera kukhala pakati pa 20 mpaka 25 degrees Celsius. Mutha kumwa madzi oyeretsedwa kapena osakhazikika, komanso madzi apampopi wamba. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti m'maola khumi maola awiri aliwonse, madzi omwe amapezeka m'mbale ndi zonyowa mbewu amasintha kukhala atsopano.
Kuchuluka kwa mbewu kumatengera mtundu wobzala komanso pokonzekera mbewu zoyenera kubzala. Ngati kuwotchera mbewu kumachitika poganizira upangiri wonse ndi malingaliro, ndiye kuti kumera kwakukulu ndi mbewu yayikulu zidzatsimikiziridwa.
