Maiko aku Mediterranean otenthetsedwa ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa ndiye malo obiriwira a rosemary. Rosemary imatha kutalika mpaka mamita awiri, masamba ake ndi obiriwira obiriwira ofanana ndi singano, maluwa amtundu wa buluu amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflemose inflorescence. Ngati masamba a rosemary akatikiridwa m'manja, ndiye kuti mumatha kumva kununkhira kowoneka bwino. Mafuta ofunikira ali mumasamba, maluwa ndi mbali zam'mwamba za mphukira za rosemary, ndipo ali ndi mphamvu yakuchiritsa ya mbewu iyi ndi kununkhira komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri azolowera.
Rosemary officinalis (Rosmarinus officinalis). © CostaPPPRPakulankhula kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, rosemary ndi chomera chomera chotchedwa Rosmarinum (Rosmarinus officinalis).
Rosemary officinalis, kapena rosemary wamba (Rosmarinus officinalis) - mtundu wa mitengo ya shrub yobiriwira komanso shrub yobiriwira ya genemary genus (Rosmarinus) mabanjaLamiaceae).
Rosemary
Rosemary padziko lonse lapansi, ichi makamaka ndi chimodzi mwa zonunkhira zazikulu. M'mbuyomu, izi, rosemary sizikudziwika mdziko lathu. Komabe, posachedwa, anthu ambiri olima dimba amatulutsa maluwa oti azigwiritsa ntchito pophika.
Rosemary imakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu kwambiri lomwe limatikumbutsa kununkhira kwa pine, komanso kununkhira kwambiri, kokometsetsa pang'ono. Mwanjira yatsopano kapena youma, rosemary imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zonunkhira pokonza nsomba, pang'ono zimawonjezeredwa supu zamasamba ndi mbale, mu saladi, nyama yokazinga, nkhuku, bowa ndi marinade. Amapereka kukoma kosangalatsa kwa tchizi zofewa, mbatata ndi makeke.
Rosemary ndiwodziwika kwambiri mu zakudya za ku Mediterranean ndi ku France. Ndi gawo la zitsamba za Provencal ndi "maluwa a garni", viniga amalimbikitsidwa, ndikuwonjezeredwa zakumwa ndi marinade. Kuphatikiza apo, zidapezeka kuti rosemary ndiyabwino kwambiri komanso yotsutsana. Zinthu zomwe zimapezekamo zimathandizira kufalikira kwa ubongo ndi luso la malingaliro, zimathandizira kulimbikitsa kukumbukira, ndikuchotsa pamkhalidwe wopanda chidwi. Imakhala ndi rosemary komanso mphamvu yotsatsira mankhwala.
Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za rosemary ndizodziwika bwino kwa anthu kuyambira nthawi zakale. Madokotala akale achi Greek adapeza mphamvu yochiritsa ya rosemary ndikuyifotokoza m'malemba awo. Masiku ano, rosemary imadziwikabe kuti ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino zamankhwala. Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za rosemary zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe.
The kulowetsedwa masamba rosemary ntchito pakamwa matenda apamwamba kupuma thirakiti ndi mphumu, kulowetsedwa womwewo angayambane ndi yotupa matenda a pharynx ndi larynx. Mafuta a Rosemary amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto amanjenje. Mafuta amathira kuthira mkati 1-3, komanso kunja kwa malo osambira, inhalations ndi kutikita minofu.
Chowonadi chodabwitsa: kuchotsa 1 kg yamafuta ofunikira, makilogalamu 50 a zipangizo zofunika.
Maluwa a Rosemary officinalis. © Joe MabelZinsinsi Zosamalira Rosemary
Matalala ataliatali, pansi -10 ... -12 ° C, kawirikawiri m'dziko lathu, amawononga mbali zake zapamwamba. Chifukwa chake, titha kumera rosemary padera pokhapokha kumwera. M'madera akumpoto kwambiri, imagawidwa ngati chida cha zotengera. Anthu okhala ku Great Britain, France, ndi Germany akhala akuchita zinthu zomwezi kwa nthawi yayitali. Ku England akuti amakula kokha ndi amayi abwino kunyumba. Izi zikuwoneka kuti ndi zowona: si aliyense amene angapangitse nyengo ya Mediterranean pa foggy Albion.
Kuwala: ziwembu pamalo otsetsereka akumwera amapatsidwa rosemary.
Kuthirira: kuthirira pang'ono.
Kuswana: mbewu, kudula, kugawa tchire ndi layering.
Dothi: Amakonda dothi louma lopanda phokoso lothandizidwa bwino. Amamera pamchenga wouma komanso dothi lokongola. Simalola kuti pakhale chinyezi chambiri komanso dothi la acidic.
Zosamalidwa: gwiritsani ntchito kumasula nthaka munthawi yake ndikugaya mizere, kuchotsa maudzu ndikuyambitsa feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous. Masabata awiri aliwonse amadyetsedwa ndi yankho la mullein (1: 5) kapena amapatsidwa feteleza wokwanira amamineral: ammonium nitrate - 15-20, superphosphate - 30, potaziyamu sulfate - 15-20 g pa 10 malita a madzi. Phosphorous feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kugwa, feteleza wa nayitrogeni - kasupe mu nthawi ya kupezeka kwa mizu yogwira. Kukana matenda ndi tizirombo. Mu Marichi-Epulo, kukonzanso kumachitika.
Tchire la Rosemary mumphika. © Maja DumatKukula rosemary
M'chilimwe, rosemary imafunikira dzuwa lambiri (miphika imachotsedwera panja), ndipo nthawi yozizira imafunikira kuzizira (mpaka 10-13 ° C), apo ayi sikhala pachimake. Pofunika chinyezi chambiri, ndipo dothi ndi lotayirira, lopepuka, lopangidwa ndi mchenga wothinitsidwa ndi thonje, nthaka yokhazikika komanso humus (m'chiyerekezo cha 1: 2: 2: 2).
Posachedwa, zinali zovuta kugula chomera ichi kwa ife. Ndipo tsopano, mbewu ndi tchire zawonekera. Osati m'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa okhaokha, komanso m'masitolo akuluakulu - monga masamba atsopano. Izi ndizothandiza: timadula nsonga ndikuziyika patebulo, ndikuyika chomera pachokha ndikuchithira madzi nthawi zonse, nthawi zina timachipsira ndikuthira feteleza wachilengedwe chonse. Ndi kutsina nthawi zonse kukula. Ndiye tili ndi masamba okwanira a rosemary owotchera ndi viniga onunkhira, ndipo chitsamba chija chidzapangidwa bwino.
RosemaryKuchulukitsa kwa Rosemary
Kufalikira ndi mbewu za rosemary, zodula, kugawa chitsamba ndi kugawa.
Mtedza (nthanga) ukhoza kusungidwa m'matumba a pepala kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu osataya mphamvu. Laborator kumera mbewu 90 - 100%, nthaka - 80 - 90%. Musanafese mbewu musafune chithandizo chapadera, zimere pa + 12 ... +22 ° C. Mbeu zimamera bwino zikafesedwa mumiyala yosakanikirana ndi miyala komanso peat (1: 1) mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kuzama kwa c. 0,3 - 0,4 cm, kufesa pamtunda.
Mbewu za mbande zimabzalidwa mu February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Mphukira zimawonekera patangotha mwezi umodzi mutabzala. Kenako mbewuzo zimayikidwa mumiphika 6 x 6 cm.Mbewu zibzalidwe panthaka chakumwera molingana ndi mtundu wa 50 x 50 cm. Nthawi zambiri zimafalitsidwa ndi kudulidwa kwa mphukira zapachaka. Tsiku lomaliza labwino kwambiri ndi Seputembara - Okutobala. Zidutswa 8-10 cm kutalika ndi atatu kapena anayi ma internode zimabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo m'malo obiriwira ozizira. Kukula kwa mizu ndi 60-80%. Ndi malo opatsa thanzi a 4x5 masentimita ndi chisamaliro chabwino, mbande zokhazikika zimamera pachaka chonse
Kutsukidwa kwa nyanja, kapena mame am'nyanja - Umu ndi momwe dzinali limatanthauzira kuchokera ku Chilatini. Ngakhale kununkhira kwake sikunafanane ndi nyanja yakuthwa-ayodini: masamba obiriwira obiriwira amatuwa kwambiri pine ndi camphor. Ndipo mwina chimodzimodzi, iwo amene amatcha "rosemary" Greek, kutanthauza "shrubic bas" akunena zoona.
