Irga

Irga, yemwe amatchedwanso sinamoni (Amelanchier), ndi woimira fuko la makolo apinki. Irga ndi chitsamba chosakhazikika kapena mtengo waukulu kwambiri. Dzinalo Lachilatini la chomera chotere ndi la Celtic kapena Provencal, potanthauza kuti "kubweretsa uchi." Ku England, mbewu yotereyi imatchedwa mabulosi othandiza kapena a June komanso shrub, ndipo ku America imatchedwa "Saskatoon" - dzinali adapatsidwa ndi amwenye, omwe ndi nzika zadzikoli. Malinga ndi chidziwitso chomwe chatengedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, kudera la Northern Hemisphere mutha kukumana ndi mitundu 18-25 ya igreas, pomwe yambiri imamera ku North America. Kuthengo, chomera chotere chimakonda kumera pamiyala, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango komanso m'dera la tundra. Wamaluwa amalima pafupifupi mitundu 10 ya irgi. Amakula kuti apange zipatso zokoma komanso zipatso zokongoletsera.

Mawonekedwe a Irgi

Masamba a masamba atayamba kutseguka pachitsamba, ndiye kuti amawoneka wokongola kwambiri. Zikuwoneka kuti chomeracho chimaphimbidwa mu ma pubescence, ngati kuti chimakutidwa ndi hoarfrost yoyera-yoyera. Masamba akatseguka, maluwa opinki ndi oyera ayamba kuphuka, zomwe zimawoneka kuti zimangamira nthambi. Chitsamba, chomwe chimakutidwa ndi mitengo yapamwamba kwambiri ya maluwa a mlengalenga, chimawoneka bwino. Pinki maolivi kapena masamba obiriwira a mbewu iyi ndi okongola kwambiri. Nthambiyo itafota, masamba ake amayamba kutuluka, pomwe nthawi yomweyo chitsamba chofewa chokhala ndi korona wabwinoko chimawonekera pamaso pa wolimayo. Makungwa ovekedwa bwino pa thunthuwo amawapaka utoto wa bulauni wokhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Pakupanga zipatso, ma "maapulo" ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa pachitsamba, chomwe chimasonkhanitsidwa mu burashi. Poyamba, amakhala ndi utoto wowoneka ngati kirimu komanso wonyezimira, zipatsozo zimayamba kuda patapita nthawi, mpaka utoto wawo umakhala wofiirira, wofiirira kapena wakuda. Zipatso za mandimu okoma ndizokoma kwambiri komanso zotsekemera, ndipo zimakondedwa osati ndi ana, komanso ndi mbalame zomwe zimafalitsa mbewu mozungulira. M'dzinja, shrub imawonekeranso modabwitsa. Masamba ake amapakidwa utoto wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku ofiira amtundu wa lalanje ndi lalanje mpaka pinki, pomwe kuwala kwofiirira kumatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi masamba obiriwira ochepa. Chitsamba chokongoletsera choterechi chikukula msanga, chikukula msanga, sichitha chisanu ndi chilala. Nthawi yomweyo, zidadziwika kuti pa mphukira zowoneka bwino za chaka chatha, maluwa ndiwo abwino kwambiri, ndipo zipatso zake ndi zochulukirapo. Irgu imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chuma cha mapeyala ndi mitengo yaying'ono ya maapulo, popeza imasiyanitsidwa ndi kudalirika komanso kupirira. Kutalika kwa moyo wa chitsamba chotere kumachokera zaka 60 mpaka 70, pang'onopang'ono zimayambira kukhala zitsamba zenizeni, nthawi zina kutalika kwake kumafika mita 8. Chitsamba ichi ndi chimodzi mwazomera zabwino kwambiri za uchi. Komabe, chomera chodabwitsachi chili ndi gawo limodzi lalikulu, loti, mizu yambiri, kulimbana komwe kumenyedwe nthawi yonseyo. Komabe, ngati mukuwona kuti mbewu yotereyi si yokongola komanso yopatsa zipatso, komanso ilinso ndi machiritso, kubwezeretsa koteroko monga mizu kumawoneka ngati kochepa.

Kubzala Irgi poyera

Nthawi yobzala

Mutha kubzala irgi panthaka yophukira masika kapena nthawi yophukira. Nthawi yomweyo, akatswiri amalangiza kuchita izi mu kugwa. Malo oyenera a igra ayenera kukhala owala bwino, chifukwa chake zimayambira sizitambasulira, ndikuyang'ana kuchuluka kokwanira, ndipo lidzabala zipatso zambiri. Dothi loyenera chitsamba chotere liyenera kukhala loamy kapena loam sandy. Mokulira, irga sakhala ndi vuto pa dothi, komabe, ngati mukufuna kukula kochepa muzu kuti dothi likule, ndiye kuti nthaka iyenera kukhala yodzala ndi michere. M'dothi lodzala ndi chinyezi, irgi amabala zipatso zochuluka. Acidity ya nthaka akhoza kukhala iliyonse. Koma madera omwe pansi pamtunda pamakhala patali kwambiri sayenera kubzala chitsamba ichi, chifukwa mizu yake imatha kuya masentimita 200 mpaka 300. Ngati kukhazikitsa kwa irgi kukonzekereratu yophukira, ndiye kuti kukonzekera malo obzala kuyenera kuchitidwa mchaka. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani maudzu onse pamalowo, kenako malowo amasungidwa pansi pa nthunzi yakuda mpaka nthawi yophukira. Atangobzala mmera wotseguka, amakumbidwa ndipo feteleza 40 wa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous umayikidwa mu 1 mita imodzi. Sikoyenera kukumba dothi mwakuya (ndi 10-15 masentimita).

Momwe mungabzalire irga

Kukhazikitsa jerk panja ndikosavuta. Pakubzala, muyenera kusankha mbande zapachaka kapena ziwiri. Zikachitika kuti mbande zingapo zibzalidwe, ndiye kuti pamalowo pakufunika kuti zikometsedwe, pomwe mtunda pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala mainchesi 100-150. Kukula kwa dzenje kukuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 0.6x0.6x0.5 m. Mfundo za kubzala mabulosi ndizofanana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podzala mabulosi otsatirawa: gooseberries, currants, raspberries, mabulosi akuda, mabulosi abulu, actinidia ndi honeysuckle. Mukakumba dzenje, dothi lakumalo lachonde liyenera kupindidwa mosiyana. Amaphatikizidwanso kompositi ndi mchenga wozungulira 3: 1: 1. Thirani 1 kapena 2 zidebe za humus, 0,5 makilogalamu a superphosphate ndi 150 g wa feteleza wa potaziyamu mu dzenje lomalizira. Pansi pa dzenje, muyenera kupanga chitunda kuchokera pa gawo lomwe mwapeza, pomwe mbande za irgi zimayikidwapo. Mizu ikawongoka, dzenje liyenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi labwino lachonde, lomwe m'mbuyomu limasakanizika ndi mchenga ndi kompositi. Nthaka imafunika kuti ipangidwe pang'ono. Onetsetsani kuti mizu ya chomera siigwa. Pansi pa mmera wobzalidwa muyenera kuthira madzi okwanira 8 mpaka 10. Madziwo atalowetsedwa, dothi liyenera kukhazikika. Pambuyo pa izi, dothi lochulukirapo liyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku dzenje kuti nthaka yake ikhale yomweyo ndi malowo. Pamwamba pa bwalo la thunthu liyenera kukhala lokutidwa ndi mulch (humus, peat kapena nthaka youma). Mmera wobzalidwa, gawo la nthaka liyenera kufupikitsidwa masentimita 15, pomwe masamba 4 kapena 5 opangidwa bwino ayenera kukhalabe pa tsinde lililonse.

Chisamaliro cha Irga

Kusamalira masewerawa ndikosavuta. Atabzala m'mundamo, adzafunika chidwi chanu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chomera chokongoletsedwa bwino sichidzangokhala chokongola komanso chobweretsa zokolola zambiri. Kusamalira chitsamba choterocho kumakhala kuthirira, kupalira, kudulira komanso kuvala zovala zapamwamba. Chomera chimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukana kwake ku chilala, chifukwa mizu yake yayitali imalowa mkati mwa nthaka, pomwe chinyezi chimakhalapo nthawi zonse. Pankhaniyi, kuthirira kuyenera kuthiriridwa kokha nthawi yayitali, pomwe kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa kuti lichitike kuchokera pamphuno yokhala ndi chosokoneza, pankhaniyi ndizotheka nthawi yomweyo kutsuka fumbi lonse kuchokera masamba. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira osapitirira 16:00, kutentha kutatha. Mtengowo ukathiriridwa, ndikofunikira kuti udzu ndi nthawi yomweyo amasulire dothi pafupi ndi chitsamba.

Kudyetsa Irgi

Chomera chikakhala zaka 4-5, muyenera kuyamba kuchidyetsa. Zomera zimayambitsidwa chaka chilichonse mchingalande chokumbira kuti chikumbidwe, pomwe 0,5 mpaka 0,3 mita ndiyofunika kuchotsera mu khosi lamizu. feteleza, zomwe siziphatikiza chlorine. Kuyambira kasupe mpaka theka lachiwiri la nthawi yachilimwe, chitsambachi chimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi manyowa amadzimadzi, ndiye kuti ½ chidebe cha manyowa a nkhuku (10%) chimatsanuliridwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Kubweretsa feteleza wamadzimadzi m'nthaka kumachitika madzulo mvula ikadutsa kapena chomera chikadzamwetsa madzi ambiri. Z feteleza zouma ziyenera kugawidwa pamwamba pa bwalo loyandikira, kuchoka pamalowo 0.3 m, kenako zimasindikizidwa pansi, kenako malowo amafunika kuthiriridwa. Chitsamba chikamakula, kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumayenera kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.

Thirani

Kuika munthu wosamalira wamkulu ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mizu ya chitsamba imalowetsedwa pansi. Pankhani imeneyi, akatswiri amalangizidwa kusankha malo oyenera kubzala chitsamba chotere kuti musachichotse. Zikatero, ngati simungathe kuchita popanda kumuyika, ndiye kuti mukuchotsa chomera chamtundu wapakati, kumbukirani kuti mizu yake mozama komanso m'lifupi panthawiyi imakula pafupifupi 200 cm. Ngati iris ndi wazaka 7 kapena 8, ndiye kuti kuuwuza mopanda kupweteka, ndikofunikira kuti mulifupi mwa mzere wokumbidwa ukhale kuchokera pa 100 mpaka 125 cm, ndipo kuya kwake ndi mamilimita 0,7. Mizu yofupayo yomwe idatsalira pansi, chitsamba chimatha kumera msanga malo atsopano. Tiyeneranso kudziwa kuti chomera chodulidwa ndichokulirapo, momwe mulinso mizu ya mizu yokulirapo mukakumba pansi panayenera kukhala. Chomera chomwe chimachotsedwa pansi chiyenera kusamutsidwira kumalo atsopano, koma osayesa kuwononga dothi. Chitsamba chimayikidwa mu dzenje lokonzedwa kale, lomwe limadzaza ndi dothi. Kenako imapumira. Chomera chololedwa chimafuna kuthirira kwambiri. Pamwamba pa thunthu bwalo liyenera lophimbidwa ndi mulch.

Irga mu kugwa

Mutatha zipatso m'dzinja, chitsamba cha irgi chimafuna kudulira komanso ukhondo komanso zakudya zina. Thirani ngati kuli koyenera. Kukumba malo, pomwe kuli kofunikira kuti muwotche ndi kuwotcha masamba onse owuluka. Tchire silifunikira malo ogona nthawi yachisanu, ngakhale chisanu chozizira (pafupifupi madigiri 40) sichingavulaze.

Kudulira

Nthawi yoti mubzale

Zitha kuoneka kuti shrimp imalekerera kudulira mosavuta, komabe, akatswiri amalangizidwa kuti azichita izi pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kutero. Kuti muchepetse kuchulukitsa, muyenera kudziwa malamulo ochepa:

Kuti mubzale chitsamba, muyenera kusankha malo owala bwino, chifukwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kuyenera kulowa mkati mwa chitsamba.
Kuchepetsa kumatha kuchitika kokha popanda mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya iergi. Ngati mbewuyo ndi yayitali kwambiri, ndiye kuti zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzidulira, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito masitepe.
Nthawi yoyamba kudula chitsamba mutatha zaka 1 kapena ziwiri mutabzyala pamunda. Izi zichitike mchaka nthawi yamadzi isanayambe.

Momwe mungalime irga

M'zaka zoyambirira, irgi ayenera kudula pafupifupi zero zonse mphukira kuchokera kumizu yamizu, ndikusiya zidutswa zingapo zamphamvu kwambiri. Mtengo ukakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mitengo ikuluikulu, kudulira kukalamba pachaka kudzafunika, pomwe zokolola zidzakhazikika. Kuti muchite izi, kamodzi pachaka, muyenera kudula mitengo 2 ya mitengo yakale kwambiri, pomwe chiwerengero chofanana cha mitengo yaying'ono ndiyosiyidwa kuchokera kumizu. Zoyambira zonse zokhala zitsamba zing'onozing'ono ziyenera kufupikitsidwa ndi kukula kwa chaka chatha. M'matchi achikulire, ndikofunikira kudula nthambi zam'mbali, chifukwa cha izi korona wayamba kukula, apo ayi zimakhala zovuta kusankhira mabulosi ngakhale mothandizidwa ndi wopondaponda. Pa zimayambira pachaka, sikofunikira kuti muthe kudula zigawo. Komabe, zigawo za mphukira zachikulire ziyenera kumakisidwa ndi utoto wamafuta pa mafuta oyimitsa mwachilengedwe, pomwe mukukumbukira kuti ngati kuli kozizira kunja, ndiye kuti var vars osavomerezeka samalimbikitsa. Kuphatikiza pakupanga kudulira, mtengowo umafunikiranso mwaukhondo, chifukwa ndikofunikira kudula nthambi zonse zouma ndi zovulala, komanso zomwe zimapangitsa kukula kwa korona (kukula mkati mwa chitsamba). Komanso, mphukira mizu ichotsedwe munthawi yake. Pofuna kukonzanso tchire lonse, liyenera kudulidwa "mpaka chitsa."

Kusindikizidwa kwa Irgi

Chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino chimakhala chodziwika bwino pakati pa olima, chitha kufalikira ndi mbewu ndi njira zamasamba. Ndizotheka kufalitsa zipatso zazikuluzikulu zamabulosi amtundu wa zipatso kudzera mwa njira zam'mera, monga: katemera, ana ndi masamba obisika. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mbewu zonse zamitundu mitundu zimabzala kokha kudzera mu njira zamasamba, ndi mitundu - mwa njere ndi zipatso.

Kufalikira kwa mbewu ya mabulosi

Tengani zipatso zokhwima bwino ndikuchotsa mbewu. Zofesedwa mutakolola mwachindunji panthaka. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera mabedi, mutawakonza bwino, muyenera kuyika mbewu pansi ndi 20 mm zokha. Mbewu zimafuna kuthirira kwambiri, ndiye zimakutidwa ndi mulch (masamba owuma kapena udzu). M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu zimatha kudzetsedwa mwachilengedwe, ndipo mbande zimatuluka. Ngati mbande zikuwoneka m'dzinja, ndiye kuti palibe chomwe chitha kuda nkhawa. Pakatikati, mbande zimabzalidwe kuti zisadzaze. Munthawi yachilimwe adzafunika kuyang'aniridwa, kuwapatsa kuthirira panthawi yake, Kupalira komanso kuvala pamwamba ndi feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni. Pakutha kwa chaka choyamba, kutalika kwa mmera kudzakhala masentimita 12,5 okha, ndipo chachiwiri - kuchokera pa 0.4 mpaka 0,5 mamita. Kuika mbande kumalo osatha kungachitike mchaka chachitatu, zikadzakula.

Kufalikira kwa khomo pachibelekeropo pokanirira maudzu

Mu nthawi yophukira, masokosi ayenera kukonzedwa; chifukwa ichi, mbande za mzere wazaka ziwiri zangwiro, zimapezeka pobzala kapena paki. Mvula ikatha, mmera wotere umatha kutulutsidwa pansi. Ngati pali chikhumbo, ndiye kuti m'matangadza mutha kubzala ndi manja anu. Kuti muchite izi, nthawi yophukira, phulusa la m'mapiri limabzalidwa panthaka, mbande zimatuluka masika, ndipo mchaka chachiwiri zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masheya. Katemera ayenera kuchitika mu kasupe, pomwe pali kuyamwa. M'pofunika inocrate kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita kuchokera pamizu khosi. Katemera:

Ma scion olimbitsa ayenera kuchotsedwa padziko lapansi, ndipo mizu yake iyenera kutsukidwa bwino. Ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kutalika kwa masentimita okwanira masentimita 10 mpaka 15 kuchokera mu khosi.
Tengani mpeni wakuthwa ndikugawa odulawo pakati mpaka akuya 30 mm.
Pa scion, ndikofunikira kuti apange odulidwa apamwamba odulidwa. Popeza mwachoka kudera lokwera masentimita 15, muzipanga gawo lotsika ngati mbali imodzi yopingasa, kutalika kwake kukhale pafupifupi 40 mm. Dziwani kuti mbali imodzi ya wedge iyenera kukhala pang'ono pansi pa impso, ndi inayo mbali inayo.
Ndikofunikira kuyika gawo lazinthuzo m'magawo a scion, pomwe ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa zolimba. Dziwani kuti pamwamba pa mphero simuyenera kuyikidwa mgawo.
Malo katemera ayenera wokutidwa ndi tepi. Gawo lapamwamba la scion ndilophatikizika ndi var var.
Chitsa chake chimabzalidwa m'bokosi, lomwe limadzazidwa ndi peat losakanizika ndi mchenga, pomwe liyenera kuzamitsidwa mpaka malo akalumikiza. Kenako chidebe chimatsukidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mu chipinda chotentha kwambiri kumezanitsa kumazika mizu mwachangu.
Popita nthawi, callus iyenera kuwoneka mbali imeneyo ya kabowo komwe sikunali kolowera, izi zikachitika filimuyo imayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo mmera womalizidwa udzaikidwa dothi lotseguka.
Mphukira zonse zomwe zimamera pansipa ya katemera ziyenera kuchotsedwa.

Kufalikira kwa irigi ndi kudulidwa kobiriwira

Kututa kwa zodula kumachitika kuyambira pachiwopsezo mpaka pakati pa nthawi yachilimwe. Sankhani chitsamba chokwanira zaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi ndikudula zodula kuchokera pamwamba.Zidutswa kutalika ziyenera kuchokera 10 mpaka 15 cm. Masamba onse am'munsi azidulidwa, pomwe imodzi kapena ziwiri za timapepala totsalira zizikhala. Magawo am'munsi mwa omwe adakonzedweratu ayenera kuchitika kwa maola 6 mpaka 12 pokonzekera zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu. Amafunika kutsukidwa m'madzi oyera ndikubzalira wowonjezera kutentha wowazizira pakona, kusungitsa mtunda pakati pawo 30-30 mm. Nthaka yomwe ili pamalo obiriwira iyenera kukhala yoyera, malo ake ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi mchenga, makulidwe ake amatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera masentimita 7 mpaka 10. Ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wowonjezera kutentha ukhale wochokera kumtunda kwa zodulidwazo motalikirana masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Zodulidwa zomwe zimafunikira kuthirira, zomwe zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito sume yaying'ono, chifukwa madziwo sayenera kutuluka ndi mtsinje. Zidula zikathiriridwa, wowonjezera kutentha ayenera kuphimbidwa. Onetsetsani kuti malo obiriwira sawotcha kuposa 25 digiri. Pankhaniyi, zidzakhala zofunikira kuchita zowulutsa mwadongosolo, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuchotsa kwakanthawi kanyengo. Onetsetsani kuti dothi lonyowa pang'ono nthawi zonse. Pambuyo pa masiku 15 mpaka 20, zodulidwa ziyenera kuzika mizu, kenako ndikofunikira kupitiriza kuumitsa. Kuti muchite izi, choyambirira ndiye kuti chotsukira chimakhala chotsuka. Ndipo kudula kukakhala kocheperako pang'ono, mkuyu wowonjezera kutentha umachotsedwa usiku. Pamene odula ali ndi masiku 21, ayenera kuti anali atapanga kale mizu yamphamvu yolimba. Kuti mukulitse, muyenera kuwagwetsa pabedi lophunzitsira. Akadula mizu, adzafunika kuvala pamwamba, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza (kwa malita 10 a madzi 30 magalamu a ammonium nitrate) kapena kuwotcherera kumene komwe kumadzaphatikizidwa nthawi 6 ndi madzi. Kusamalira zodula ndikofanana ndi kusamalira anthu akuluakulu. Nthawi yotsatira yophukira ikadzafika, mabowo obzala amatha kubzalidwa pamalo okhazikika.

Kubwezeretsanso kwa irgi ndi kuyala

Poyamba, muyenera kusankha nthambi zazaka ziwiri zokhala ndi zophuka zamphamvu kapena zopangidwa pachaka. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti azikumba zigawo zam'madzi nthawi yachilimwe, nthaka ikangotha kutentha. Pamwamba pamaliropo ayenera kukumbidwa, kuphatikizidwa ndi kupakidwa. Zitatha izi, nkhokwe zimapangidwa m'nthaka momwe mphukira zomwe mudasankha zimayikidwamo, ndipo ziyenera kudziwa kuti zimayenera kukula pafupi ndi nthaka momwe zingathere. Pambuyo pa mphukira kukhazikitsidwa m'mapando, ndikofunikira kutsina nsonga zawo. Pambuyo pakudula kwa zodula zazing'onoting'ono zazikulidwe kuchokera ku masamba zimafikira masentimita 10 mpaka 12, adzafunika kudzazidwa mpaka theka ndi michere nthaka kapena humus. Pambuyo pa masiku 15 mpaka 20, kutalika kwa mphukira kudzafika 20-27 masentimita, ndipo adzafunika aphimbidwenso ndi theka la dothi. Kulekanitsidwa kwa mizu yodulidwa mizu ndikusinthika kwina kumalo kwamuyaya kudzakhala kotheka kugwa kapena kasupe wotsatira.

Kufalikira kwa msungwana pogawa chitsamba

Ndikofunika kupangitsira chitsamba chazikulu pokhapokha ngati mukutula chitsamba chachikulire. Njirayi imalimbikitsidwa kuti ichitike kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira isanayambike masamba, komanso m'dzinja milungu 4 isanakwane chisanu choyamba. Pa chitsamba chokumba, muyenera kudula nthambi zakale, ndikuchotsanso dothi pamizu. Kenako nthitiyo imadulidwamo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Delenka iyenera kukhala ndi mphukira ziwiri zolimba, komanso mizu yoyambira. Mizu yakale imalimbikitsidwa kuti idulidwe, ndipo yotsalayo iyenera kudulidwa. Ndiye Delenki wobzala m'malo atsopano.

Tizilombo ndi matenda a Irgi

Irga ali ndi kukana kwambiri kumatenda ndi tizirombo. Nthawi zina, imatha kudwala ndi imvi zowola (septoria), kuyanika kunja kwa nthambi (chifuwa chachikulu), komanso tsamba la phylostictic.

Ngati mbewuyo ili ndi chifuwa chachikulu, chinthu choyamba chomwe amachita ndikuyamba kubowola ndi kuwumitsa masamba, kenako nthambi nkufota, ndipo ma tubercles ofiira amawonekera. Zimayambukiridwa zimayidula ndikuwonongeka. Chitsamba chokha mu kasupe chimathandizidwa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza kapena sulfate wamkuwa.

Zikakhala kuti shrimp zimakhudzidwa ndi kuwonera kwa phylostictic, ndiye kuti mawanga otuwa otuwa amatha kuwoneka pamaso pamasamba owuma ndi akufa. Zitsamba zoyambukiridwa ziyenera kudulidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Maluwa asanakhale ndi kutulutsa, shrub iyenera kuthiridwa ndi osakaniza a Bordeaux.

Akadwala ndi imvi zowola, mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamtunda wa masamba, iwo amawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Masamba amawonekeranso achikasu, achikasu otuwa otuwa amawonekera pamwamba pawo. Kenako masamba amafa. Gray zowola zimakhudza tchire momwe chinyezi chambiri chimapezeka m'mizu. Potengera izi, sinthani mwachangu dongosolo la ulimi wothirira kapena kuuthira chitsamba kumalo komwe madzi pansi ali pansi kwambiri. Pofuna kupewa komanso kuchitira achire, chitsamba chizithiridwa magazi ndi msanganizo wa Bordeaux, Oksikhom, Topaz kapena Kuproksat.

Kwambiri, mbewu yotere imatha kukhudzidwa ndi njenjemera zamtoto ndi wadyayo. Wodya nthanga amakhala m'mazipatso ndipo amadya nthanga, kupindika kwake kumachitika ndi zipatso. Mitengo yamapulogalamu amiyala ya ma moth-mittens, chifukwa amayamba kuyanika ndikutha. Kuti tichotse tizilombo toyipazi, ndikofunikira kupopera mbewuyo ndi Karbofos, Actellik kapena Fufanon.

Mitundu ya Irgi yokhala ndi chithunzi

Zanena kale pamwambapa kuti wamaluwa amalima mitundu yoposa 10 ya iregi. Mitundu ina ifotokozeredwa pansipa.

Spiny grouse (Amelanchier spicata)

Mtengo wowola bwino kapena chitsamba ichi chimafikira kutalika pafupifupi mamitala 5. Ali ndi zitsamba zambiri zomwe zimakhala korona wokongola kwambiri. Mtundu wa nthambi zazing'ono ndi wofiirira, ndipo wa akulu ndi imvi. Masamba owoneka ngati mazira amafikira kutalika kwa 50 mm ndi kutalika pafupifupi 25 mm. Pakuwululidwa, ndizovala zoyera, chilimwe chimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wamdima, ndipo pakugwa kwake amapakidwa utoto wamitundu mitundu ya lalanje. Ma inflorescence achidule aubweya amakhala ndi maluwa onunkhira oyera kapena oyera. Zipatso zokoma zopingasa zimafikira 10 mm, zimakhala zakuda ndi zofiirira, ndipo pamtunda pali zokutira. Shrimp zotere sizigwirizana ndi chisanu, chilala, mpweya ndi utsi. Nthawi yolima ndiyambira pa Epulo mpaka masiku oyamba a Okutobala. Kwawo kwa mtundu uwu ndi North America.

Olkhol'naya igra (Amelanchier alnifolia)

Dziko lokhalamo mitunduyi lilinso North America, kapena, m'malo ake apakati ndi kumadzulo. Zoyipa zotere zimakonda kumera m'nkhalango, kumapiri ndi m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje. Mtunduwu ndi wamtundu. Pamwamba pa tsinde, masamba ndi masamba, ophatikizidwa ndi mtundu wa inflemose inflorescence, pali pubescence. Mitundu ya maluwa imakhala ndi mbali yolunjika, chifukwa cha izi, pakati pawo sangaone. Mawonekedwe a zipatso zakuda ndi ozungulira, pang'ono pang'ono. Kupangidwa kuyambira 1918.

Canadian Irga (Amelanchier canadensis)

Irgi yotere imakonda kumera m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi malo osungira, komanso m'malire mwa miyala. Chitsamba chimafika kutalika kwa mita 6, ndipo mtengowo - kuyambira 8 mpaka 10 mita. Mphukira zowonda zikuchepa pang'ono. Masamba a Ovate amafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Poyamba zimakhala zofiirira, ngati kuti zimamveka, nthawi yotentha zimakhala zaimvi, ndipo m'miyezi yophukira zimapakidwa utoto wamitundu ikuluikulu yamitundu ikuluikulu. Kapangidwe ka dermoping racemose inflorescence kumaphatikizapo maluwa 5 mpaka 12 a mtundu woyera, amasiyanitsa bwino ndi timitengo tofiyira. Zipatso zozungulira zokongola zautoto wakuda zimaphimbidwa ndi pachimake. Mtunduwu suthana ndi nyengo yozizira, sukutanthauza zapadera panthaka komanso chinyezi, komanso ndizokongoletsa kwambiri. Kupangidwa kuyambira 1623

Irga Lamarck (Amelanchier lamarckii)

Nyengo yonseyi, mbewu iyi imawoneka bwino kwambiri. Pankhani imeneyi, nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito yolimira malo m'minda yamagulu kapena ngati chomera chokhacho. Irgu Lamarca ndi Canadian irgu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati masitepe a mitengo ya maapulo ndi mapeyala, pamene amakulitsa kukana chisanu, komanso kuthekera kwake kokukula mu dothi lonyowa mopambanitsa, losakhazikika pamitengo yazipatso zamiyala.

Khomo lachiberekero ndi lozungulira, kapena wamba (Amelanchier ovalis)

Komwe kubadwira kwamtunduwu ndi Kumwera ndi Central Europe. Amakonzekera kumera m'malo ouma, monga m'nkhalango, m'nkhalango, pamiyala yamiyala. Kutalika kwa chitsamba ichi ndi pafupifupi masentimita 250. Mphukira zazing'ono ndi pubescent, ndichifukwa chake ali ndi mtundu wa siliva. Popita nthawi, zimayambira zimakhala zopanda komanso zonyezimira, ndipo zimasanduka zofiirira. Masamba obiriwira ovate amathandizira m'mphepete, m'litali mpaka 40 mm. Masamba atatseguka, zimakhala ngati zakhudzidwa. M'nyengo yotentha, imakhala yobiriwira yakuda, ndipo m'dzinja - lofiirira-ofiira. Mitengo ya apical racemose inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa oyera omwe amafika mainchesi 30 mm. Zipatso zakuda buluu zomwe zili pamtunda zimakhala ndimtambo wamtambo. Mtunduwu suthana ndi chilala ndipo umakonda kumera panthaka yopanda michere. Kwa nyengo yozizira, mtunduwu sufunikira pogona kokha kum'mwera zigawo. Kupangidwa kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 16.

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, wamaluwa amamera matalala, osalala, ooneka mozungulira, otulutsa bwino, osangalatsa, aku Asia, Bartramovskaya, Kuzika, obovate, ofiira magazi, a jut ndi a Jack iguaries.

Katundu wa iergi: phindu ndi kuvulaza

Zothandiza pa Irgi

Zipatso za Irgi zimaphatikizapo ma pectins, mono- ndi ma disaccharides, mavitamini C, P, A, B, mavitamini otsogolera, mkuwa, cobalt, tannins, flavonols, fiber, malic acid ndi zinthu zina zofunika komanso zothandiza m'thupi la munthu. Chipatsochi chimakhala ndi carotene komanso ascorbic acid ambiri, zinthu izi ndi ma antioxidants amphamvu, chifukwa cha iwo kukana kwa thupi kumatenda opatsirana ndikupsinjika kumawonjezereka, chitukuko cha matenda a Alzheimer chimachepetsa, komanso zimalepheretsa kukula kwa oncology. Kuphatikiza apo, carotene, yomwe ili ku Irga, imathandizira kukonza masomphenya, kuchiritsa khungu la usiku ndikuletsa kutulutsa kwamatumbo. Pectins, yomwe ndi gawo la chipatso, amathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa mtima, amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi, ndikuthandizira kuchotsa zitsulo zolemera, radionuclides ndi poizoni wina m'thupi. Madzi owiritsa kuchokera mabulosi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a enterocolitis ndi colitis, chifukwa ali ndi anti-kutupa ndi kukonza. Kudya zipatso zotere kumalimbikitsidwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la mantha kapena kusowa tulo, chifukwa ali ndi vuto. Irga akuwonetsedwa kuti ali ndi matenda a shuga, mwachitsanzo, decoction amakonzedwa kuchokera ku khungwa lake, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka pakamwa, ndipo gruel yokonzedwa masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati compress wa zilonda zam'mimba.

Contraindication

Irgu sayenera kudyedwa ndi ma hypotensives, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lililonse. Popeza zipatsozi zimakhala ndi bata lokwanira, ziyenera kudyedwa mosamala ndi omwe akuyendetsa. Palibe zotsutsana zina.