Mandevilla (Mandevilla) adasankhidwa ndi asayansi ku zitsamba zobiriwira zochokera ku banja la Kutrovy. Kwawo ku Mandeville ndi malo otentha omwe amagawo la North ndi South America. Maluwa adalandira dzina lake polemekeza kazembe wodziwika bwino ku Britain komanso wolima dimba G. Mandeville.
Mitundu yoyambilira yomwe idapezeka ndi akatswiri ku Central ndi South America adatchulidwa mosiyanasiyana - zokambirana. Koma patapita nthawi pang'ono, asayansi aku Britain adapeza mtundu wina wa mbewu yomweyo. Ndipo iye amatchedwa kale mandeville. Koma patapita kanthawi, asayansi adagwirizana pa lingaliro wamba loti mbewu ziwiri zotchulidwa izi ndizoyimira mtundu womwewo. Ndipo adasankha kuti asawasinthe, koma aliyense azisiyira ake.
Masamba a chitsamba amatikumbutsa kwambiri dzira lopangidwa ndi dzira, gloss, wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira wakuda, kutalika kwake 3 cm 9. Maluwa ali ndi fungo lapadera, pinki, lofiira kapena loyera. Limamasula kwambiri, duwa lililonse limatha kutalika pafupifupi 10 cm.
Kusamalira mandeville kunyumba
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Malo obadwira ku Mandeville akuwonetsa kuwala kwa mbeuyo. Duwa limalekezera dzuwa mwachindunji, koma kuti mupewe kuwotcha dzuwa lotseguka, ndibwino kuti musachoke kapena kukhala ndi mthunzi kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kutentha
Kutentha kokwanira mchipindamo kuti mukukula mandevilla mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuchokera 23 mpaka 25 madigiri, ndipo nthawi yozizira ndi kuyambika kwa nthawi yopuma - pamlingo wa 12-15 madigiri.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Mandeville amakonda kukula m'zipinda zomwe zimakhala ndi mpweya wambiri (pafupifupi 70%), motero amafunika kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa tsiku lonse. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo imafunikiranso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, makamaka ngati ili pafupi ndi zida zotenthetsera.
Kuthirira
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, mandeville amafunika kuthirira okwanira. Atangokhala pamwamba pa gawo lapansi m'mbale yonyowa, kuthirira kuyeneranso kuchitika. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira-yozizira, kuthirira mbewuyo sikofunikira. M'nyengo yozizira, dothi limasungunuka pokhapokha gawo lapansi mumphika likauma konse. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofewa, osungidwa bwino kutentha kwa chipinda kapena okwera pang'ono. Kwa madzi okwanira 1 litre, mutha kuwonjezera pang'ono asidi (monga msonga wa mpeni).
Dothi
Dothi la mandeville liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi. Mulingo woyenera wa dothi: dothi louma, dothi lamtundu, humus ndi mchenga mogwirizana ndi 2: 1: 1: 1. Denga lamphamvu lachifundo limayikidwa pansi pa mphika.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Kuchulukitsa nthaka m'nthaka kuyenera kukhala pafupipafupi - pafupifupi katatu pamwezi kuyambira mwezi wa March mpaka Seputembala. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa pachilengedwe popanga maluwa mkati. Kwa nthawi yayitali, amasiya kudyetsa maluwawo.
Thirani
Ngati mbewuyo ndi yaying'ono, ndiye kuti ndiyofunika kuisinthira chaka chilichonse kumapeto. Chomera chachikulu chimabzulidwa pokhapokha ngati mizu itadzaza kale mumphika.
Kudulira
Popeza mphukira zazing'ono zokha kuchokera kumtunda ku Mandeville, ndikofunikira kudulira mbewu kumapeto kwa Okutobala ndikuyamba kwa Novembala. Mphukira zosasinthika zimafupikitsidwa ndi pafupifupi 2/3 ya kutalika kwawo. Chifukwa cha kudulira mu nyengo yotsatira, Mandeville idzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa abwino.
Kufalitsa kwa Mandeville
Mandeville nthawi zambiri imafukulidwa ndi zodula-mphukira zazitali masentimita 8-10.Dulani amadzalidwa mu peat ndikufundidwa ndi filimu yowonekera ndikusungidwa kutentha kwa madigiri 25. Mizu yodulidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha pafupifupi miyezi 1-1.5. Mizu yoyamba ikawonekera, filimuyo imayenera kuchotsedwa. Pakatha pafupifupi miyezi itatu, chomera chatsopanocho chimasinthidwira mumphika wina.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Nthawi zambiri tizirombo ta masamba timapezeka ku mandeville. Nthawi zambiri chomera chimavutika ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu. Nematode kapena muzu wa mealybug ukhoza kumuvulaza. Izi tiziromboti amatengedwa ndi gawo lapansi pa Thirani. Chifukwa chake, musanabzale chomera, dziko lapansi liyenera kuwerengedwa.
Pakati pa matenda oyamba ndi mandeville, kuvunda kwamizu kumachitika. Maonekedwe ake ndi chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino komanso dothi lonyowa kwambiri.
Kukula zovuta
- Ngati masamba a Mandeville ndi achikaso ndi kugwa, ndiye kuti akuwonetsa kutentha kosayenera kwa iwo.
- Pokhala ndi kuwala kosakwanira, maluwawo amasintha pang'ono kukhala maluwa ochepa.
- Ndikokhala ndi mpweya wouma wamkati, masamba ake amakhala otuwa komanso oopsa ndipo posachedwa adzauma.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mchere osakwanira komanso michere yokwanira m'nthaka, mandeville amakula bwino ndikukula pang'onopang'ono.
Mitundu yotchuka ya mandeville
Mandeville Bolivian - ndi yobiriwira nthawi zonse yosalala kukhudza nthambi zopindika. Masamba ndi osalala komanso ang'ono, okwera, osapitirira 5-8 masentimita. Maluwa oyera amakula pafupifupi masentimita 5, ndi malo achikasu, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi khosi.
Zabwino kwambiri ku Mandeville - chomera, chokhala chofewa kumaso kukhudza pang'ono ndi nthambi yofiyira, chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse. Masamba ndi osalala ndikuwunikidwa pa maupangiri, kutalika sikawonjezerapo masentimita 4. Maluwa ndi ofiira, ali mumabampu a zidutswa 6-8. Dawo lililonse la maluwa ndi masentimita 6-8, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 5 cm, tubular mawonekedwe.
Mandeville Sander - Yobiriwira nthawi zonse ndi yosalala kumata. Masamba amakhala ozungulira, osalala osalala, okhala ndi maupangiri, kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 5. Amamasuka monga mabulashi. Burashi iliyonse imakhala ndi maluwa 3-5, mainchesi ake omwe amasiyanasiyana kuchokera 6 mpaka 7 cm. Utoto wake ndi wokhazikika wa pinki, pakati ndi wachikasu.
Mandeville wanzeru - imamera ngati chitsamba ndi mphukira yobiriwira nthawi zonse. Masamba akuluakulu owoneka bwino okhala ndi maupangiri otchulidwa, otchedwa sinewy, kutalika kwa 20 cm. Maluwa, monga momwe zinalili zam'mbuyomu, ali mu burashi, zidutswa 5-6 chilichonse. Kukula kwa duwa kuli pafupifupi masentimita 10, mtundu wake ndi woyera, wosakhwima kapena wapinki wapinki.
Mandeville omasuka - chomera chokwera, chodziwika ndi kukula msanga ndi kugwa kwamasamba. Nthambi ndi zokuya, pafupifupi 5 m kutalika. Masamba okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mtima, nsomayo imalongosozedwa, pamwamba pa utoto wowoneka bwino wobiriwira, kumunsi kotsika - kobiriwira ndi imvi. Limamasula ngati mabulashi okhala ndi maluwa 5 mpaka 15 aliyense. Maluwa oyera okhala ndi zonona zokongola, mainchesi akulu (pafupifupi 10 cm). Mitundu iyi imadziwika ndi miyala ya maluwa.
