Maluwa a Miltonia, omwe ali ndi maluwa ake okongola, otseguka, amawoneka ngati ma pansies, motero ali ndi dzina lina - ma pansies. Monga Cattleya, mtunduwu umadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa otoletsa maluwa okongola kwambiri, kutanthauza kulemekeza Mlezi wina wa ku England Adlagen Milton. Nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku mababu ang'onoang'ono, abodza nthawi yomweyo zingapo zoongoka, zopindika zimakhala ndi mitundu yachikaso, yofiyira, yoyera kapena yapinki. Maluwa awa samatisangalatsa osati ndi mitundu yawo, komanso ndi mawonekedwe abwino omwe amafanana ndi maso kapena madontho. Makamaka zosakanika ndi zosamveka bwino ndizo mtanda wa Miltonia ndi mtundu wa Brassia, wotchedwa Miltassia. Mbale zam'mphepete za ku Miltassia, monga ma orchid a genus Brassia, ndizitali komanso zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mantha, ngati miyendo ya kangaude.
© Guillaume Paumier
Miltonia (lat.Miltonia) - mtundu wa zobera zamera zam'madzi za banja la Orchidaceae.
Genus Miltonia (Miltonia) amaphatikiza mitundu 20 ya maluwa otulutsa maluwa. Mababu oboid otsetsereka amabisidwa ndi ma sheheti a masamba a mizere kapena masamba a sterniform (1-2), opindidwa pansi. Masamba ndi achikasu obiriwira, monga mababu. Zotsatira zamtsogolo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi maluwa amodzi kapena angapo; maluwa akutalika, koma odulidwa maluwa afota nthawi yomweyo. Miltonia amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti apange ma hybrids ophatikiza.
M'mbuyomu, mitundu yonse ya ku Central America ndi ku Brazil idaphatikizidwa pamtunduwu.amagawidwa m'malo okwera osiyanasiyana - m'mapiri ndi zigwa. Pambuyo pake, mitundu ya zipatso za m'mapiri idasinthidwa kukhala mtundu wa Miltoniopsis. Pakadali pano, nthumwi za mtundu wa Miltonia zimapezeka kumapiri a kumapiri a kum'mwera kwa Brazil.
Mitundu ya Miltoniopsis (Miltoniopsis) imagwirizanitsa mitundu isanu momwe masamba 1 - 2 amodzi amamera kuchokera ku bulb iliyonse yobiriwira - pseudobulb. Maluwa ndi osalala, akuluakulu.
Chifukwa chodutsa miltoniopsis pakati pawo komanso ndi mitundu ya mitundu ina, ma hybrids ambiri anapezeka. Zomera za genera ziwiri izi ndi epiphytic, ndiye kuti zimakhazikika pamitengo yathunthu ndi nthambi zamitengo, koma zimalandira michere kuchokera kumalo achilengedwe.
© albissola.com
Kukula Zinthu
Kukula
Miltonia amakulira kunyumba, pogwiritsa ntchito mapoto apulasitiki omwe amasunga chinyontho bwino.. Kusanjikiza kwa mitengo yayikulu yamatanda pansi pa mphika kumathandizira kukhetsa bwino. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti dothi lipangidwe ndi khungwa losakanizidwa losakanizika, perlite kapena sphagnum (kuti ikhale chinyezi). Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito primer yapadera ya ma orchid, mwachitsanzo, kutengera osmund. Miltoniae amafunikira zabwino; nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa mpweya osachepera 12-15 ° C; M'chilimwe - kuthirira kambiri (koma popanda kusayenda kwamadzi), kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kupukutira mokwanira.
Malo
Miltonia amakonda mthunzi wopanda tsankho, makamaka m'miyezi yotentha kwambiri. Chizindikiro cha malo olondola ndi kupindika kwam masamba. Kukongola kwa utoto wa maluwa kumakulitsidwa ngati mphamvu yakuwala ichita kuchepa.
Kutentha
Miltonia ndi thermophilic, nthawi yozizira kutentha kotentha kuli pafupifupi 20 ° C, usiku osachepera 15 ° C. Milton Zophatikiza - Miltoniopsis Miltoniopsis hybr. mumakhala ozizira pa 15 ° C, ndipo kuchepera nyengo yozizira kwa iwo ndi 12 ° C. Miltonia simalola kusinthasintha kwakuthwa kutentha, ndipo kukonzekera kwake kungakhale koopsa.
Kuwala
Malo owala, makamaka zenera lakumadzulo kapena lakummaŵa, lopanda chithunzithunzi chamitengo pamsewu. Pazenera lotentha lakumwera, kuwombera dzuwa kuchokera masana kwenikweni kudzafunika.
Kuthirira
Kuchulukana pakukulidwa mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira ndizochepa, i.e. pafupifupi zowuma.
© wwarby
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Kupopera mankhwala pafupipafupi sikungapereke zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Miltonia imafunikira chinyezi cha mpweya pafupifupi 60-70%, choncho ndibwino kuyiyika papallet ndi madzi kapena timiyala tonyowa.
Feteleza
Munthawi ya kukula, budding ndi maluwa, amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wapadera wa ma orchid.
Thirani
Kuyika kumachitika pokhapokha mizu ya miltonia ikangotsalira mumphika ndipo mbewuyo ikamakula bwino, popeza miltonia, monga ma orchid onse, salekerera kupitilira. Nthawi zambiri amaziphika pambuyo pa zaka 3-4, mphika suyenera kukhala waukulu kwambiri, mwinanso mbewuyo imakula bwino. Dothi ndi kusakaniza kwapadera kwa ma orchid. Mutha kuphika nokha - tengani gawo limodzi la mizu yosenda bwino, gawo limodzi la mbewa zosakanizidwa, gawo limodzi la nthaka yosalala komanso gawo limodzi la dothi lamasamba. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina - 1 gawo lotetezedwa la peat (ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mahatchi ofiira) ndi gawo limodzi la makungwa a pine osankhidwa.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Kuyanika kumapeto kwa masamba nthawi zambiri kumawonedwa, zomwe mwina zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mchere wa nthaka. Izi zitha kupewedwa ndikuthirira dothi nthawi ndi nthawi (kapena nthawi zambiri ngati madzi anali ovuta) ndi mvula kapena madzi okhala ndi matope. Ngati kuvunda kwa mizu kwayamba, mbewuyo imasinthidwa mwachangu mumphika wopopera, ndikuchotsa dothi ndikutsitsa chinyezi. Zilonda zomwe zimayambitsa kuyanika kwa tinthu timene timachotsedwa ndi nsanza kapena swab thonje mumayamwa mowa, kenako chomera chimathandizidwa ndimankhwala othana ndi coccidic.
Kupeza
Miltonia imapezeka ku mafakitale a orchid, ngakhale makalata, kapena m'malo opangira minda yolima bwino.
Kuswana
Maluwa amatulutsa ndikugawa chitsamba pafupifupi zaka zitatu zitatu kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi mababu angapo - pseudobulbs ndi mizu yoyambira.
© orchidgalore
Mitundu
Miltonia oyera-oyera (Miltonia Candida) - ndi ma peduncles (1-2 amakula kuchokera ku babu iliyonse), pafupifupi 40 masentimita, pomwe burashi lotayirira lokhala ndi maluwa onunkhira a 3-5 mpaka 9 cm limapangidwa. Manda achikasu amtchire ndi ma petals ovala zovala zofiirira - zofiirira komanso mawanga, ndi milomo yoyera, yolira yofiirira kapena yofiirira komanso masamba atatu afupiafupi; milomo ili pafupi kuzungulira. Limamasula m'dzinja.
At Miltonia Renelli (Miltonia regnellii) Masamba owoneka bwino ndi miyendo yoyenda yotambasulira m'mwamba ndi maluwa 3-7 onunkhira bwino okhala ndi manda oyera ndi mapauni, ndipo milomoyo ndi yopepuka pinki ndimiyala yapinki - yofiirira komanso yoyera.
At Miltoniopsis phalaenopsis (Miltoniopsis phalaenopsis) zovala zazifupi zazifupi ndi maluwa oyera okhala oyera. Ma milomo yotsekemera ya milomo ndiyochepa, yoyera ndi mikwingwirima ya rasipiberi ndi madontho. Lobe wapakati ndi loyera komanso logawika kwambiri ndi notch awiri; m'munsi - malo ofiirira osakhwima mawonekedwe, osinthika kufupi ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono.
Pa aliyense peduncle Miltoniopsis Recl (Miltoniopsis roezlii) Maluwa oyera 2-5 onunkhira amapangika ndi malo a lilac-lilac m'munsi mwa petal iliyonse ndi chimbale cha lalanje-lalanje pamunsi pa milomo.
Miltoniopsis vexillaria (Miltoniopsis vexillaria) yodziwika ndi maluwa akuluakulu onunkhira, ambiri a iwo opinki okhala ndi malire oyera kapena oyera ndi matuwa a pinki kapena mikwingwirima, malo achikasu pamunsi pa milomo.
© orchidgalore
