Malo obiriwira a kumayiko otentha a South America, India, Mexico. Ichi ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba omwe alibe masamba m'mphepete ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana mithunzi. - lilac, buluu, lilac, pinki, oyera. Mwathunthu, mitundu pafupifupi 34 yolimba imadziwika mwachilengedwe monga zitsamba kapena mitengo yaying'ono. Chitani pachaka, nthawi zina kangapo pachilimwe, kudula ndi kutsina - kuti apatse korona mawonekedwe okongola.
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Duranta - chomera chokongoletsera chamaluwa chokhazikika ndi thunthu lodziwika bwino. Tsinde ndilokhazikika, nthambi zambiri, yokutidwa ndi khungwa loonda la bulauni, lili ndi nkhope zinayi.
Masamba ophika ndi ang'ono (mpaka 3-5 cm kutalika), owumbika kapena woboola pakati, wobiriwira wopepuka, wonyezimira. Masamba a Durant amafanana ndi masamba a birch, ndichifukwa chake mbewu iyi nthawi zina imatchedwa birch. Petioles la masamba limafupikitsidwa kwambiri kapena palibe.
Maluwa ndi ang'ono, owoneka buluu, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa pakupachika inflorescence-maburashi. Zithunzi zamaluwa zimakhala zomera ndi mizere yoyera kumbuyo. Durant ikhoza kumera ngati chomera chimodzi, komanso nyimbo.
Mitundu
Duranta Plumier, Duranta plumieri, kapena mwa anthu - "njiwa mabulosi", m'chilengedwe limamera mumtali mpaka 2,5 mamitala, imakhala ndi mphukira, ndipo masamba amatha kukhala ovoid kapena oblong, otchulidwa kumapeto, mpaka 10 cm. Maluwa ambiri amapangidwa, ndi ochepa, ofiirira kapena lamtambo. Maluwa a zidutswa zingapo amatengedwa kumapeto kwa nthambi, pomwe maluwa ndi ambiri, nthambi zimasanjidwa ndi maluwa. Zipatso mu mawonekedwe a zipatso zachikaso, kukula kwa chitumbuwa. Durant Plumier ali ndi mitundu yaminda yomwe siyabwino kukula m'magumbi; amatha kukhala ndi maluwa oyera.
Duranta Lorentz, Duranta lorentzii - chitsamba ichi, chofika kutalika kwa 1.5 mita ndi mphukira zamtanda, mosiyana ndi mtundu wam'mbuyo womwe uli ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono achikopa, ovoid kapena oblong, kumapeto kwa tsamba sikunalozedwe, koma kumatanthauza. Imatha kuphuka kwambiri m'malo abwino.
Mitengo imamera mitengo yayikulu, motero imafunikira malo ambiri. Ngakhale mbewuyo itadzidulira kwambiri, nthawi yotentha imabweranso mwamphamvu.
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Kukula
Kutentha: Durant ndi thermophilic, nthawi yozizira imafunikira chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwapakati, osati kutsika 16 ° C. Pa kutentha kwambiri, chikopa chimatha kuthana ndi okhazikika. Chipindacho chizikhala ndi mpweya wabwino, koma zozizira sizovomerezeka.
Zowunikira: Kuwala kowala. Imakula bwino pawindo lakumadzulo ndi kum'mawa. M'nthawi yachilimwe amakonda kukhala kunja, ndi chizolowezi chake pang'onopang'ono dzuwa lotentha.
Kuthirira: Ochuluka kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira, nthawi yozizira. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono nthawi zonse.
Feteleza: Chaka chilichonse mchaka ndi chilimwe, umuna umagwiridwa ndi feteleza wosiyanasiyana wamadzi wazipinda zamkati.
Chinyezi cha mpweya: Amakonda mpweya wonyowa, chifukwa chake amapaka nthawi zonse okhazikika, nthawi yozizira amawateteza ku zotsatira za mpweya wotentha kuchokera kubatire lamagetsi. Ikasungidwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri, olimba amatha kukhudzidwa ndi kangaude ndi nkhanambo.
Thirani: Kuyika kumachitika pachaka kumapeto kwa chaka, mbewu zazikuluzikulu zimagulidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Dothi - kuwala pang'ono - - gawo limodzi, tsamba - 2 mbali, peat 1 gawo, humus - 1 gawo ndi mchenga -1 gawo.
Mitengo imathanso kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wachilengedwe, chifukwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa owola bwino. Njira yodyetserayi ndiyophweka - mumphika wokhala ndi chomera, kumtunda kwa nthaka kumachotsedwa ndi makulidwe a 15 cm ndikuyika zikuni zingapo za humus, kuchokera kumbali zosiyanasiyana, kufupi ndi khoma la poto, kenako dothi lochotsedwa limatsanulidwanso mumphika.
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Kusamalira ndi kubereka
Duranta amatanthauza mbewu zololera mthunzi, koma sizingakhale pachimaso.. Durant imayikidwa pazenera lakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa, ikuwombedwa ndi dzuwa. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imakulidwa bwino. M'chilimwe ndi nthawi yozizira, olimba amathiriridwa chimodzimodzi. M'masiku otentha, masamba amafafaniza ndi madzi ofewa firiji. Mukapopera mbewu, onetsetsani kuti madzi satuluka maluwa.
Durant amabzala m'nthaka yopangidwa ndi magawo awiri a turf, magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba, gawo limodzi la peat ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Chomera sichilekerera chinyezi kuzika mizu, kotero kutaya kwa dongo lokwanilidwa kumakonzedwa pansi pa mphika. Chomera chachikulu sichitha nthawi yopitilira 1 mu zaka 2-3. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu April. Kuonjezera kufunika kwa nthaka m'nthaka, kusintha kwa pachaka pamtunda wokwanira kumakwanira.
Duranta ndi chomera choletsa kutentha ndipo sichimalola kutentha kwambiri. M'nyengo yotentha, mmera umafunikira kutentha kwa 15-18 ° C, nthawi yozizira - 13-15 ° C. Ndiwotentha, chitsamba cha olimba chimatha kufota. Zomera zimafunika kudyetsedwa pokhapokha nthawi yomwe ikukula komanso kukula. Zothira zam'maluwa zamaluwa zimawonjezedwa m'nthaka.
Durant amasimba mwachilengedwe. Maudzu achichepere amadulidwa mchaka ndi kuzikika mu gawo linalake lazakudya. Kuti muchepetse kuzika kwamizu, zowonjezera zingapo za kukula zimawonjezeredwa kumadzi othirira.
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Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Scutellaria: zokhoma za bulauni pamasamba ndi masamba, zimayamwa madzi a cell. Masamba ndi maluwa amataya mtundu wake ,uma ndikugwa.
Njira zoyendetsera. Pakuchotsa tizirombo, masamba amapukutidwa ndi chinkhupule cha sopo. Kenako mbewuyo ikathiridwa madzi ndi 0.15% yankho la Actellik (1-2 ml pa lita imodzi yamadzi).
Ma nsabwe - olimba nawonso nthawi zina amagunda. Amawononga masamba okhala pansipa, nsonga za mphukira. Gawo lowonongeka, limasiya kupindika, kutembenukira chikasu ndikugwa.
Njira zoyendetsera. Kuwaza ndi derris, phytoverm, decis, actelik, intavir. Ngati mukuwonongeka kwambiri, bwerezani chithandizo.
Spider mite: imawoneka pomwe pakuwuma kwambiri - mkati mwa mizu, pomwe kangaude umaoneka, masamba amasuluka ndikugwa.
Njira zoyendetsera. Pukutani chomera ndi chofewa cha sopo ndikusamba m'manja. Nthawi zonse kuwazidwa. Ndi chotupa chowopsa, olimba amatsanuliridwa ndi yankho la 0.15% yaellellic (1-2 ml pa lita imodzi yamadzi).
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