Kugwira ntchito pabedi kumafuna kulimbikira kwambiri komanso nthawi, ndipo mbewu sizikhala zogwirizana ndi khama lomwe lapangidwa. Chifukwa chake, ochulukirachulukira okhalamo akukonzekera mabedi akulu m'minda, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri ndalama zolipirira anthu ntchito ndikukula bwino.
Ubwino wamabedi okwera
Bedi lalitali ndi bokosi lomwe limakhala lalitali masentimita 10-15 ndi mpaka theka la mita, lomwe limadzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi, kompositi, manyowa owola. Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a bokosilo kukhoza kukhala chilichonse. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa amakona. Mbali zake ziyenera kukonzedwa kuti zitheke kusamalira mbewuzo. M'litali mwake pamakhala masentimita 50-80. Masamba pakati pa mabedi amafesedwa ndi udzu, wokutidwa ndi mchenga, utuchi kapena konkriti. Zotsatira zake, namsongole samamera munjira, udzu wosyankhira umagwiritsidwa ntchito mulching, ndipo mundawo wonse umawoneka wokongola komanso wosadetsa. Izi sizokhazo mwayi wamabedi akulu mdziko muno. Pali zabwino zambiri:
- chiwembu chilichonse, ngakhale chosakwanira ntchito paulimi, ndichabwino pa chipangizo chamundawo;
- kukumba kosasangalatsa ndi kuchotsa udzu kumaloledwa ndi kumasula kosavuta kwa dothi lapamwamba;
- mabedi okwera amatenthedwa msanga mu kasupe, omwe amakupatsani mbewu kale kwambiri ndikubzala mbewu zomwe sizimakhazikika pamalo opatsidwa pamabedi wamba;
- pamabedi akulu okhala dothi lambiri silimera, ndipo kuthirira, wosamalira mundawo samataya pansi pa mapazi ake;
- Ndikosavuta kuthira, izi ndikofunikira pakulima m'minda yomwe singathe kulolera pansi pamadzi;
- kumbali ndizosavuta kulimbitsa zinthu zophimba kuteteza mbewu ku chisanu;
- ngati timadontho tozungulira tavulala pamalopo, kuphimba pansi pa bedi ndi taye pulasitiki yokhala ndi khungu lozolowera, ndipo tizirombo tosaka thukuta safika pamabowo;
- bedi lenilenilo silovuta kulipeza kuti lisunthidwe kupita kwina, kukonzanso kapena kukonzanso.
Kuthandizira pabedi lalitali kudzayamikiridwa ndi onse wamaluwa, chifukwa pakugwira ntchito simudzawerama pafupifupi pansi.
Khomani bolodi yosuntha kumapeto kwa mabedi, ndipo mudzapeza benchi yosavuta yomwe mutha kuyikira kapena kukhala pansi kuti musangalale ndi ntchito yanu.
Momwe mungasinthire zovuta za mabedi okwera kukhala zabwino zawo
Chida chothandiza kwambiri cha zitunda zoterezi chimabweretsa nyengo yotentha. Koma madera akummwera omwe mapindu awo siowonekeratu - lapansi lomwe limakhala mokweza ndikuwoneka mwachangu. Uwu ndi mtengo wawo waukulu. Ngakhale zili choncho, ngakhale zitakhala bwanji, mapangidwe azitunda zitha kulungamitsidwa ngati dothi silaberekapo - miyala, dongo kapena mchenga. Bokosi loteteza kwambiri limapangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zopepuka ndikudzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Masana kutentha kwatuluka kansalu koyera kapena nsalu ya agrofiberi imakokedwa pamwamba pa bokosilo. Kutsegulira kotereku kumachepetsa kutentha kwa dothi ndi mpweya pabedi ndikuchepetsa madzi oyambira madzi.
Kumagawo akum'mwera, kumanga kuchokera kwa miyala yachilengedwe yotsika mtengo - miyala yamiyala ndiyofala. Ngati mumanga mbali kuchokera mmalo mwake, kamawo umakhala nthawi yayitali, ndipo nthaka mkati mwake imakhala yozizira pakupisa kulikonse. Nyumbayi imawoneka yokongola kwambiri.
Dziwone nokha momwe ma bedi amtali amawonekera bwino pachithunzichi, omangidwa pakhomopo ndi manja awo kuchokera pamwala achilengedwe.
Zida ziti zomwe ndizoyenera kumanga
Mabedi okwera sayenera kukhala omangika. Pafupifupi zida zilizonse zomanga ndizoyenera chipangizo chawo. Chachikulu ndikuti samalola madzi kulowa ndikukhalabe mawonekedwe awo.
Mabedi apamwamba opangidwa ndi slate ndi otchuka. Slate sikuvunda, ndi osavindikira madzi, samatenthedwa ndi dzuwa. Kukhazikitsa wokwera, sikofunikira kugula slate yatsopano; nkoyenera kuyichotsa padenga itakonzedwa.
Ndikosavuta kupanga mabedi okwera kuchokera pamapulasitiki apulasitiki. Mosiyana ndi slate, pulasitiki silikuwonongeka chifukwa chowomba pang'ono, ndipo kuyika sikutanthauza chisamaliro chachikulu. Malire opangidwa ndi pulasitiki wowala m'mphepete mwa mabedi amawoneka bwino komanso okongola.
Mabedi akulu obiriwira pamtunda wobiriwira ndi osavuta kwambiri. Mu Epulo, mutha kukolola mbewu yoyamba ya radish pa iwo.
Masinthidwe a mbewu mu greenhouse nthawi zonse amakhala ovuta, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukula zipatso zochepa zamasamba - tomato, nkhaka, biringanya. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amasintha nthaka. Kuchita izi pamabedi okwera ndikosavuta.
Momwe mungapangire mabedi okwera kuchokera pama board ndi manja anu
Ngati lingaliro lakumanga mabedi amaluwa okwera ndi manja anu likukudzozerani, malangizo mwatsatanetsatane angakuthandizeni kuchita chilichonse popanda zolakwa.
Kuti timange bokosi lamatabwa la bedi lalitali lalitali ndi 4000x60x30 cm, tikufunika:
- bolodi yolumikizana 2,5 masentimita ndi mulifupi masentimita 15 - mita 184;
- chitoliro cha galasi lalikulu kapena ngodya 2x2 cm;
- kudzigwetsa nokha zomangira.
Muyeneranso kukonzekera zida - macheka, screwdriver, chopukusira, kubowola, lalikulu, pensulo.
Timayeza zigawo 4 za 4 m pazitali zazitali za bokosilo komanso zigawo 4 za 0.6 m mbali zonse zomaliza ndikuduladula.
Bolodi yosemedwa iyenera kuvekedwa ndi antiseptic kumbali zonse ndikudikirira kuyanika kwathunthu. Njira zoyenera ndi Ognebioshchit, Senezh, Pinotek ndi ena. Popanda kukonzanso nkhuni, mabedi okwera kuchokera pamatabwa sakhalitsa.
Tidadula zojambula zachitsulo ndi chopukutira m'magawo a 0,4 m chifukwa cha bokosi ndi 0,6 m popanga mbali zazitali. Kukwatulidwa kumayenera kuchitidwa pambuyo pa 1-1.5 m kuti bedi lisaphulike ndi lapansi. Pa bokosi limodzi mumafunikira zidutswa 4 za 0,4 m za ngodya. Kwa screeds, mufunika pafupifupi zidutswa zinayi pamakina ofukula ofunikira ndi enanso 2 pamakina oyambira. Zigawo zam'mphepete zimakhazikika ndi zowongoka pamlingo wa bolodi lakumtunda.
Timakumba timabowo todzikongoletsera pazithunzithunzi. Payenera kukhala zosachepera ziwiri pa bolodi lililonse. Pambuyo pake, timasinthira mbiri kumtundu womaliza wokhala ndi zomangira. Chotsatira, muyenera kulumikiza msonkhano wa zomaliza ndi matabwa atali chimodzimodzi. Mbali imodzi ya mbiriyo izikhala yotalika masentimita 10 kuposa mulifupi wa bokosilo. Idzayesedwanso pansi kuti bhokisi lithe.
Mbali iliyonse yayitali pamtunda womwewo timayang'ana malo omwe amapezeka ndi screed. Zidutswa zazifupi zimamangiriridwa kumabatani, ndipo zazitali zimathamanga zazifupi. Chingwe chilichonse chofanana ndi chilembo "P", chomwe chimakhala ndi zilembo zomata zoloza m'mbali mwa bokosilo.
Ngati akukonzekera kuphimba bedi lalitali ndi kanema kapena chovala china, nsaluyo imathandizidwa ndi arcs. Zodalirika kwambiri ndizitsulo, kupirira kulemera kwa phwetekere zomangidwa kapena nkhaka. Pachifukwa ichi, bar yachitsulo yokhala ndi mulifupi wa 8 mm ndi kutalika osachepera 3 m.Gawo lirilonse la bar ili limapangidwa kukhala gawo lamkati pakatikati pake, kusiya malekezero molunjika. Ma arcs amatha kulumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake, kuwakhazikitsa ndi zibangili.
Dongosolo lomaliridwalo limasinthidwa kukhala malo okhazikika, omwe kale anali omasulidwa ndikukupachika.
Nsonga za ma arcs, ngati mukufuna, zitha kulumikizidwa ndi twine wamphamvu. Chifukwa chake zofunda zimakhala bwino kugwirizira ndikumangirira mbewu kumakhala kosavuta.
Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungapangire mabedi kumtunda ndi manja anu. Mwa mfundo yomweyo, sizovuta kupanga iwo kuchokera ku zinthu zina zabwino.
Momwe mungapangire kama ofunda
Tawona kale zabwino za chipangizo chamabedi akulu mdziko muno. Koma bedi lotere limatha kukhala lochita kawiri ngati muyamba kutentha. Zomera zonse zomwe zimakonda kutentha zimamera pabedi lotero mwachangu ndikubala zipatso bwino. Chida chamabedi ofunda chimafanana ndi keke yosanjikiza:
- coarse organic mambo aikidwa pansi - nthambi, masamba, makungwa;
- kompositi yopyapyala yomwe imakhala yolowa pakati;
- pamwamba pa keke wokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza dimba lapansi.
Pansi pamtunda wapamwamba, chinthu chofunikira chija chimayamba kuwola ndikutulutsa kutentha, ndiye kuti, imawotcha mbewuzo pansi, kuzizira padziko lapansi. Ngati mungagwiritse bedi mutabzala, kuisamalira kudzachepetsedwa kuthirira komanso kukolola, zomwe zimakusangalatsani, chifukwa mbewu zonse zimakonda kufunda ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu m'nthaka.
