Masiku ano, si malo onse okhala kanyumba omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi mabulosi komanso zipatso. Madera onse akulu amasungidwa zikhalidwe zakunja, mabedi amaluwa, minda yamasewera, malo osangalalira. Zotsalazo zimakonda kupangika ngati udzu wobiriwira kapena nyemba za Moorish zomwe zimatuluka pachaka mpaka nthawi yophukira. Pakati pa maluwa akutchire okongola, maluwa abuluu ofewa a chicory wamba, kapena mtundu wa Chitata wodziwika ku Russia, kuwawa, scherbach, udzu wotsatira msewu, komanso muzu wamfumu ndizodzikongoletsera nthawi zonse. Kummwera kwa Russia ndi CIS, chicory amadziwika bwino monga Petrov Batog - udzu, zomwe zimayambira pomwe mtumwi Peter adayendetsa nkhosa pagululo. Amakhulupirira kuti adaponyera mapesi amiyendo m'misewu ya nkhosa, pomwe iwo adamera ndi maluwa osazolowereka komanso maluwa owoneka bwino kumapeto kwa tsinde.
Chicory wamba (Cichorium intybus)Chiyambidwe ndi malo ogawa ma chicory
Malo omwe anachokera ku chicory amadziwika kuti ndi Mediterranean. M'njira yazomera Chicory (Cichorium) ndi wa banja la asters kapena asteraceae. Imadziwika ngati chomera chamtunda wotentha komanso kotentha. Pakadali pano, imagawidwa kulikonse ku Russian Federation kuchokera kumadera akumwera, Caucasus kupita ku Western Siberia ndi Altai. Malo omwe akukula mwachilengedwe - chilengedwe m'mphepete mwa msewu, msewu, malo osiyidwa ndi malo ena okhala ndi namsongole.
Chifukwa chiyani kukula chicory mdziko?
Ku Russia, chicory wakula kwa zaka zoposa 150. Pakadali pano, mitundu iwiri ya chicory imamera m'mafakitale - letesi (Endive) komanso wamba - kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pazikhalidwe zamasamba komanso kutolera zopangira mankhwala.
Kwa okonda zachilendo zamasamba (ndi mbale zochokera kwa iwo), masamba osowa awa akhoza kulimbikitsidwa kuti amalimidwe. Kuyambira masamba saladi wa chicory (masamba) konzekerani saladi wokondweretsa wa Vitamini, wofunika makamaka kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Mphukira zazing'ono zimaphikidwa mu mtanda, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika appetizer, mbale zam'mbali za mphodza, stewed, yokazinga.
Muzu chicory wamba ankapangira khofi yemwe amamwa, nthawi zambiri amakhala wokoma kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya khofi. Khofi wa cyclic alibe cocfeine ndipo amatha kumwa ndi amayi woyembekezera ndi ana kuyambira zaka 5.
Endive, kapena Chicory saladi (Cichorium endivia). © JamainZakudya za chicory
Muzu wa chicory wamba uli ndi mavitamini a B ndi C, ma organic resins, tannins, ma microelements ndi mankhwala ena othandizira. Koma chuma chake chachikulu ndi inulin, zomwe m'mizu ya chicory zimaposa 60, ndipo zouma - 70%. Ndi mabakiteriya opindulitsa a m'matumbo (bifidumbacteria) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adye inulin, omwe amathandizira kugaya chakudya m'mimba ndi kagayidwe kachilengedwe. Kukonzekera kwa chicory kumapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala bwino, chotsani poizoni ndi poizoni. Chicory amalimbikitsidwa kwa odwala matenda ashuga, ndipo mawonekedwe ake kuchokera ku zitsamba (m'malo mwa tiyi kapena kuchokera kusakaniza ndi tiyi) chotsani kutentha kutentha pamtima, muchepetsani kutopa, ndikuwonjezera mawu (ngati khofi, koma osakhala ndi caffeine, omwe amawononga thanzi).
Olemera mu chicory mchere mchere, mafuta ofunikira, acic acid. Mizu ya Chicory imakhala ndi 10% fructose, mpaka 20% levulose, choline, mafuta ofunikira, pentosans. Biomass imaphatikizapo lactacin, triterpenes, mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zofunika pathupi, ndipo maluwawo amakhala ndi coumarin glycoside chicorein ndi ena.
Chicory wamba (Cichorium intybus).
Mankhwala okhala ndi chicory
Mankhwala odziwika komanso wowerengeka, magawo onse a zipatso za chicory wamba komanso zamkaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.
Mwa anthu, ma decoctions ochokera ku mlengalenga am'miyidwe ya chicory amamwa panthawi yotupa, monga antimicrobials ndi astringents omwe ali ndi matenda otupa am'mimba, ma decoctions amathandizira chidwi. Zokongoletsa za mbewu za chicory ndizothandiza antipyretic, zimakhala ndi diaphoretic ndi analgesic katundu. Infusions wa maluwa zimakhudza chapakati mantha dongosolo ndi mtima ntchito.
Mankhwala ovomerezeka, chicory ndi gawo lalikulu la mankhwala ambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda ogwirizana ndi ntchito ya ndulu, m'mimba thirakiti, zotupa za mucous mkamwa, conjunctivitis, kupweteka ndi kutupa kwa mafupa, kulumidwa ndi tizilombo touluka. M'matenda ena, chicory amatsutsana. Musanagwiritse ntchito, muyenera kufunsa dokotala.
Malongosoledwe achidule azotsatira za chicory
Chicory wamba ndi mbewu ya herbaceous. Mu chikhalidwe, ndi zaka ziwiri; kuthengo, ndizosatha. Muzu ndi ndodo, fusiform, mpaka 1.5 m kutalika, ambiri mutu. Khosi lozika limakhala lothinana.
Gawo lakutsogolo la chicory ndimatuwa obiriwira, okhala ndi masamba awiri olimba mpaka 50-70 cm. Zomwe zimayambira zimakhala zopanda kanthu. Masamba a Oblong amatengedwa mu rosette yoyambira. Patsitsi kotsika. Masamba amtundu wa mitundu iwiri. Pa tsinde pali sessile yokhazikika pamphepete, ndipo kumtunda kumakhala kopindika, m'mphepete.
Endive, kapena Chicory saladi (Cichorium endivia). © Forest & Kim StarrMaluwa a Reed amatengedwa m'mabasiketi otayirira, amtundu wowala kapena wabuluu, osawoneka bwino kwambiri, oyera Timaluwa totulutsa maluwa mu Julayi ndipo limamasula mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, makamaka kum'mwera.
Mbewu zimapangidwa mchaka chachiwiri. Chicory ili ndi mbewu zochuluka. Chomera chimodzi chimapanga iwo kuchokera 3 mpaka 20,000. Yokani padera gawo lakumwambalo ndi mizu.
Momwe mungakulire chicory mdziko muno
Kuti azikongoletsa udzu wama Moorish, nthawi zambiri amagula osakaniza, pomwe chicory akuwonetsedwa. Kuthengo, mitundu inayi imamera ku Russia. Nthawi zambiri amakhala gawo la mbewu.
Pakulima kwa chilimwe, masamba chicory (saladi) ndi chicory wamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Lachiwirilo nthawi zambiri limamera ngati mankhwala.
Chodziwika bwino cha chicory chimakhala chovutirapo nthaka (chimamera panthaka iliyonse, monga maudzu ambiri), koma chimafuna kuyatsa. Kuphatikiza apo, saladi chicory imakhudzana ndi chinyezi cha dothi ndipo, ngati kuthirira sikokwanira, mwina sikungapangitse mbewu.
Anabzala mbande za chicory. © RasbakM'dzinja kapena masika, dothi limakumbidwa osazama (10-15 cm). Nitrofoska, Kemir kapena feteleza wina wovuta, 40-50 g / sq. m. Pansi pa chicory, nthaka imagwedezeka, kudula masentimita 10 mpaka 3 a poyambira. Kufesa mbewu kumachitika mu dothi lonyowa. Ndi wandiweyani kufesa mbande woonda mpaka 5 cm.
Zomera ndizolekerera chilala. Chicory wamba amathiriridwa ndi kuyanika wosanjikiza wapamwamba pa 2 phalanges of the chala. Pansi pa saladi chicory, nthaka nthawi zonse imanyowa. Kuvala kwapamwamba sikofunikira.
Kuyeretsa ndi kusunga chicory
Mbeu za Chicory zimakololedwa kumapeto kwa Seputembara - koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Yowokedwa m'chipinda chotentha. Sulani bwino mizu mu dothi, ndikugwedezani pansi, osambitsa madzi, kudula m'magawo ang'onoang'ono a 1-2 masentimita ndikuyiyika kuti ome muzowuma chilichonse osaposa + 50ºะก. Zipangizo zomalizidwa zimasungidwa mu ziwiya zansalu mchipinda chowuma, chokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira magawo a 1-2 masentimita kapena kupera pomwepo mu chopukusira khofi. Ground chicory imasungidwa mu galasi losindikiza kapena chidebe cha ceramic. Moyo wa alumali - mpaka zaka zitatu.
Pa maluwa a chicory, mlengalenga wa mlengalenga mumakonzekera kukonzekera kwa decoctions ndi infusions. Dulani pamwamba 25-30 cm (masamba, zimayambira, inflorescence). Amayikidwapo mumtambo wofowoka ndipo amawuma pomupanga. Pakuuma, misa imakhala yotupa nthawi zonse.
Mizu ya chicoryMomwe mungapangire khofi wa chicory
Mizu yatsopano kapena youma ya chicory imayatsidwa mu uvuni pa + 180 ° C mpaka kuwala bulauni. Simuyenera kuchita zinthu mopitirira malire. Kuchokera pamenepa, zakumwa zimangotayika. Magawo okazidwa amasiya kukwiya ndikuyamba kununkhira bwino nyemba zofiirira komanso khofi wakuda.
Kuti mukonze chakumwa chimodzi (200-250 g) chakumwa cha khofi, muyenera kutsanulira supuni ziwiri za chicory m'madzi otentha, chiritsani ndi kuwira kwa mphindi 3-5 pa moto wochepa. Thirani mu kapu kudzera strainer yabwino. Mutha kuwonjezera mkaka, shuga, uchi ku zakumwa.
Ena okonda khofi wa cyclic amangothira madzi otentha pachidutswa cha mizu yokonzeka, amalimbikira mphindi 3-5. Kukoma kwa chakumwa cha khofi sikusiyana ndi kwachilengedwe, koma kothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa mulibe caffeine.
Zouma ndi kudula mizu ya chicoryKuti muwonjezere mtundu wa khofi wachilengedwe kukhala mtundu wa bulauni wakuda, pafupifupi mtundu wakuda, mutha kuwonjezera supuni zamasamba 1-2 za chicory. Komanso kuchuluka kwa khofi wachilengedwe kumachepetsedwa pafupifupi theka. Ngati mkwiyo ukupitilizabe, ndiye kuti ndi wofunika.
Powonjezera mkaka ku cyclic chakumwa kumapangitsa mkaka kugaya chakudya ndi 4 times. Mutha kupanga chakumwa cha cyclic pogwiritsa ntchito mkaka m'malo mwa madzi. Pokonza mkaka wotentha (200-250 g) ikani supuni ziwiri za chokoleti chokoleti ndi kuphika pamoto wochepa kwambiri kwa mphindi 2-3. Chomacho chimapeza kununkhira koyambirira.
