Kodi mungadzalidwe bwanji adyo wamtchire mdziko muno? Funso ili limafunsidwa ndi ambiri oyambitsa maluwa. Chikhalidwe chamasamba chinakondana ndi nzika za chilimwe chifukwa cha zonunkhira zake ndi fungo lake.
Kwenikweni, ichi ndi mbewu yamtchire, koma adyo wamtchire atha kulimidwa m'mundamo.
Momwe mungachite, werengani
Momwe mungabzalale adyo wamtchire nthawi yamalimwe - zinsinsi za anthu odziwa bwino chilimwe
Ramson - chikhalidwe choyambirira cham'mera chomera chomwe chimaphatikizira unyinji wazinthu zochiritsa, makamaka ascorbic acid.
Ili ndi kukoma kwapadera, kufananiza ndi kukoma kwa adyo.
Mwachilengedwe, adyo wakutchire amapezeka wocheperako, choncho nkhani yakulira m'mundamu ndiyofunika masiku ano.
Ku Russia, mutha kukumana ndi mitundu itatu ya masamba:
- uta wopambana;
- anyezi anyezi;
- Okhotsk anyezi.
Masiku ano, anthu ochulukirachulukirachulukira amalakalaka atakulungika okha, choncho ndi bwino kuphunzirapo kanthu kuchokera kwa akatswiri olima masamba.
Malangizo adzakuthandizani kukolola zochuluka za adyo wamtchire.
Satifiketi ya botanical ya mbewu
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kutchulidwa kwachilengedwe.
Ramson - chikhalidwe choyambirira cha kasupe, chomwe ndi cha anyezi, chimakula bwino m'malo otetezeka.
Fomu yoyenera kwambiri ndi uta wopambana (Allium victorialis).
Woyimira anyezi ali ndi muzu wokwera msambo, pomwe ma anyezi 1-5 mpaka 15mm amalumikizika kuchokera mu mizu yopanda ndi 2-3 bottoms ndi mizu yochokera kwa iwo.
Mababu amakonzedwa kumtunda kumtunda ndikukutidwa ndi chipolopolo mu mauna abwino, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera kumitengo yamatsamba a mbewuyi kuchokera chaka chatha.
Babu:
- 2/3 "imakhala" pamwamba pa nthaka;
- gawo la mizu yozama mpaka 300 mm;
- gawo lina la mizu ya mini ili pansi pomwe masamba pansi.
Mukagawa, ma mini-mababu amakula pansi imodzi pachaka choyamba, motero amaloledwa kugawa chaka chotsatira, makamaka mu lachitatu, mababu atabalalika, ndipo iliyonse imakhala ndi mizu yake.
Ochulukitsa pachikhalidwe ichi ndi "pseudobulb," chifukwa kupezeka kwazinthu zofunikira ndi madzi kulipo mu mizu.
Anyezi wokha mu nthawi yophukira ali ndi masamba awiri apamwamba kwambiri, masamba awiri owona, mphukira yotsalira, yomwe imakula pambuyo pa zaka 1.5 ndi duwa.
Mu adyo wakuthengo, mutatha zaka 5, impso imapezekanso.
Anyezi amakwera mpaka 5 mm m'miyezi 12. Kupangidwe kwa mizu pachikhalidwe kumachitika munthawi ya kukula kwa muvi wa maluwa, ndiye kuti, m'masiku oyamba a chilimwe ndipo satha mpaka nyengo yozizira.
Adyo wamtchire amatulutsa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mu maluwa ochepa mpaka 120, mbewu zimacha mosiyanasiyana kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi.
Mbeu zochokera pansi pansipa zokhwima zokha, zomwe zimakhala pamwamba zimatha kutha kale.
Kodi kulima adyo wamtchire m'munda?
Njira ziwiri zokulitsira adyo wamtchire
M'dziko lathu, mitundu yamtchire yamtchire nthawi zambiri imalidwa m'mabedi - anyezi wa chimbalangondo.
Woimira uyu akuwoneka ngati kakombo wa m'chigwa, mwa kukoma - ngati adyo. Anyezi mu adyo wamtchire ndiwotalika pafupifupi 10 mm kutalika.
Gawo la tsinde limakhala mbali zitatu, mpaka 400 mm.
Kukula kumeneku sikovuta.
Masiku ano, pogwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri, 2 amagwiritsa ntchito kulima adyo wamtchire: pamtunda kapena penumbra zone pafupi ndi nyumba za famu, komanso m'munda womwe uli pafupi ndi masamba ndi mbewu zina.
Cholinga cha njira yoyamba ndikobwezeretsanso momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira chikukula:
- m'malo otetemera;
- ponyowa;
- m'malo otsika - malo omwe udzu umakula.
Mukamasamalira adyo wamtchire ndi wodzikweza ndipo amapereka zokolola zambiri masiku oyambirira a masika.
- Dothi la adyo wamtchire
Dothi ndi bwino kusankha kulowererapo kapena pang'ono acidic.
Adyo wamtchire amakula bwino m'dziko lililonse - mchenga ndi dongo.
Mbewuzo zikauma pakati pa chilimwe, gawo lomwe lili pamwamba pa dziko lapansi limatha ntchito, kungosiyira "chitsa" kuchokera pachomera chapitacho chokhala ndi chinyezi komanso zinthu zofunikira.
Mkati mwake muli anyezi wa mini watsopano. Pakadali pano, udzu uyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala m'minda yamtchire yamtchire. Onetsetsani kuti mukuwononga nettle, yomwe mu nthawi imodzi imatha kuphwanya maula onse.
Mu Seputembala-Okutobala, anyezi watsopano wotsirizira wakale wakale - mutha kumuyika, ngakhale mutha kuchita izi nthawi yonse yachilimwe.
- Kodi ndingabzalire padzuwa?
Inde Ngati mumabzala zipatso zakuthengo pamalo a dzuwa, komanso zimakula bwino, zimagawana pafupipafupi, zokolola za mbewu ndizambiri.
Anyezi azikhala pamalo akuya kwa 70-150 mm - nthaka iyenera kukhala yopanda mpweya, yomasulidwa. Mithunzi pamenepa sichofunikira.
Momwe mungabzalale leek chilili?
Mfundo za kukula kwa mbewu ndikufanana ndi kulima anyezi wamba.
Fotokozerani molondola mbewuyo ikakwanitsa zaka 4.
Mutha kulima njere ndi mababu a mini.
Anyezi amapatsa mizu kumapeto kwa nyengo yachilimwe, kuyambira nthawi yophukira kapena mu Epulo. Zokolola zamtunduwu zimatha kukolola pambuyo pazaka zitatu za kukula.
Ngati wokonza dimba akufuna kukumba anyezi, ndiye kuti muyenera kudula ambulera yamtunduwo ngakhale mutapangidwa mphukira, ndiye kuti ma tubers azikhala akulu. Ngati mukufuna kubzala adyo wamtchire ndi mbeu, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti mtundu utatha, chipatso chokhala ndi njere zipsa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe.
Mutha kutola mbewu mu lamba wamtchire, koma:
- kupeza malo oti akulire sikophweka;
- kutolera zinthu zofunikira ndikovuta;
- sizophwanya malamulo chifukwa mtengowo udalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira.
Zobzala zabwino kwambiri ndi zomwe zapsa kale, koma sizinawonongeke.
Mbewu za mpendadzuwa nthawi yomweyo zimatumizidwa pansi ndi mulch.
Mbande izimaswa m'masiku oyamba m'dzinja. Mutha kubzalaso nyengo yachisanu isanachitike.
Ndikwabwino kubzala mutatha kutentha kwa 0 mpaka -3 ° C kwa masiku 90.
Miyezi 12 yoyambirira iyenera kukhala mu bokosi. M'chaka chachiwiri amaloledwa kutumiza pamalopo, akuya ndi 5-10 mm.
Kuti adyo wakuthengo azika mizu m'nthaka, muyenera kusankha malo omwe amawotcha bwino m'masiku a masika. Nthaka pachaka chonse sikuyenera kupukuta.
Chikungu chamtchire chidzauka mu nthawi yamasika.
Dulani amadyera kuti muzidya ngati zaka 5.
Mbewu zofesedwa masika pambuyo podziunjikira zimamera m'miyezi 12 yokha. Chifukwa chake, ndikulondola kubzala zinthu zobzala izi chisanachitike nthawi yozizira, m'mabokosi.
Kusamalira ndi Kututa
Kuti mukule wathanzi komanso wosakoma, muyenera kukhala oleza mtima.
Ramson ndi chaka chilichonse, mphukira yaying'ono yomwe imakhala ndi tsamba limodzi, yayikulukulu kukula kwake.
Chomera chachikulu ndi chitsamba chowoneka bwino chomwe chimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira.
Zokolola zapamwamba pamalo amodzi sizitha kuonedwa mopitilira zaka 7.
Chisamaliro chimaphatikizapo zochitika zotsatirazi:
- Kutsirira pafupipafupi.
- Kumasulira dothi.
- Kukolola kwa udzu.
Komanso, onetsetsani kuti manyowa tchire ndi mankhwala achilengedwe ndi michere.
Amadyetsa akuyenera kukhala atatha zaka 2 za kukula.
Mukakolola, onetsetsani kuti mulongeza peat mulch pamabedi, gawani chitsamba ndikuchisintha kupita kumalo abwino okukula.
Pomaliza, mivi imasonkhanitsidwa - njere zamtchire zitangotulutsa sera. Mivi imakhala yotsekemera kwambiri kuposa masamba ndipo imatha kuduladula.
M'masiku a Meyi, masamba ayenera kudulidwa, osayiwala kusiya mababu pansi.
Kuphatikiza amadyera sikuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pakapita zaka 2-3, ndipo musagwire chilichonse nthawi imodzi. Mababu okolola pambuyo pake ayenera kukumbidwa m'masiku otsiriza a mwezi.
Kodi kulima adyo wamtchire nthawi yachisanu pa khonde?
Monga anyezi apamwamba achikhalidwe, adyo wamtchire amatha kubzala nthawi yozizira m'mabanki kapena makreti.
Kuti muchite izi:
- Bzalani anyezi kumapeto kwa Okutobala.
- Madzi ndi kumasula dothi pafupipafupi.
- Yang'anirani kuyatsa kwa ma ging'i.
Zokolola ziziwoneka mozungulira Khrisimasi.
Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungabzalire nyama yakutchire.
Zovuta pakulima ndikuyembekezera nthawi yayitali zidzadaliridwa ndi zokometsera zabwino patebulo yodyerayo.
Khalani ndi zokolola zabwino!
Werengani za momwe mungakonzekerere adyo wamtchire nthawi yachisanu, werengani apa
