Kusamalira maluwa a Muraya kunyumba Kukula ndi kufalitsa Chithunzi

Tazolowera nyengo zosinthasintha, komabe mbewu iyi imawoneka ngati yachilendo - muraya amakula bwino mchipindamo, maluwa ake amawoneka bwino, amabala zipatso pafupifupi chaka chonse osapumira. Nthawi yomweyo, pachitsamba cha muraya munthu amasinkhasinkha masamba, maluwa, zipatso zopsa. Ndipo masamba owala okongola kwambiri amakopa maso a anthu amene sanawone.

Banja la malalanje ndiye abale apachibale okongola kwambiri. Murray wochokera m'zaka za m'ma 1800 Germany adafotokoza za chimacho, adamupatsa dzina, ngakhale zingakhale zolondola kuti azitcha kuti Murray.

Nthano yakummawa imati m'masiku akale, murayu adalimidwa kokha ku nyumba zachifumu - adawonedwa ngati mtengo wamatsenga womwe umabweretsa chuma, mwayi, thanzi komanso moyo wautali.

Iwo anali oletsedwa mwapadera kuti anthu wamba azikhala ndi chomera chotere m'nyumba mwawo; izi zinali zoyenera kuphedwa. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo mpaka nthawi yathu ino, muraya wakhala akumuwona ngati chomera chomwe chimaletsa ukalamba ndikupatsa thanzi kwa eni ake.

Zinsinsi ndi nthano zimabisidwa pachilichonse chokhudzana ndi duwa. Magawo onse a muraya anali magawo a "elixir of life" a ma farao (Aigupto amakhulupirira motsimikiza kuti mphamvu ya elixir yotsitsimutsa amayi), madontho omwe anali ofunika kwambiri kuposa golide, ndipo chokhaliracho chinali chodziwika kokha kwa oyambitsa komanso chobisalira mosamala kwa akunja.

Mafumu okha ndi amene ankaloledwa kupatsa mphamvu zozizwitsazokusunga thanzi, kukongola, malingaliro ndi kubereka ana omwe ali ndi luso lapadera.

Chomera chachilendo ichi, chifukwa cha kusazindikira, kukongola, zofunikira, chimadzalidwa masiku ano m'nyumba zambiri, kukonza mlengalenga komanso thanzi la mabanja.

M'mabuku apadera, limapezeka pansi pa dzina la Chalcas, lomwe silinachitike mwangozi. Akamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki, liwuli limatanthawuza "mkuwa" ndipo limalumikizidwa ndi mtundu wabwino kwambiri wamalalanje, nkhuni zolimba kwambiri, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mipando ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zapadera, zifanizo zamatabwa. Makungwa onunkhira amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu onunkhira kuti apange nyimbo zomwe sizikutulutsa.

Kufotokozera kwa Murai

Chithunzi cha Muraya chomera kusamalira muraiya

Muraya Murraya ndi wa banja la muzu, amafikira kutalika kwa 50-70 cm atakula pachikhalidwe, ndikupanga chitsamba cha mulifupi womwewo. Mwachilengedwe, muraya amafika mamita 3. thunthu lake ndi loonda, losinthika ndi khungwa la chikasu. Mphukira zazing'ono zimakhala pubescent, ndipo akulu ndi osalala. Masamba ndiwobiriwira, obiriwira, utoto. M'nyengo yozizira, kuwala kwambiri, maluwa amayima.

Zomera zimayamba kuphuka ndidakali achichepere kwambiri. Maluwa ochepa onunkhira amatha kukhala amodzi kapena kusonkhanitsidwa ndi apical racemose inflorescence ndikukhala ndi fungo la jasmine. Ndikudzipukuta nokha, zipatso zobiriwira, zazing'onoting'ono zimawoneka zomwe zimakhala ndi fupa lalikulu mkati ndipo zimasandulika zofiira zikapsa.

Chipatsochi chimapsa pafupifupi miyezi 4, ndipo chifukwa chakuti muraya amapanga mazira nthawi zonse, ndiye pamtengo umodzi nthawi yomweyo pamakhala maluwa, masamba ndi kucha zipatso zowala, zomwe zimawonjezera kukongoletsa chitsamba. Mutha kuwatenga kuti adzafese mopitilira, chifukwa iyi ndi njira yodalirika kwambiri yoberekera muraya. Muraia wovuta kwambiri amatchedwa lalanje jasmine chifukwa amafanana kwambiri ndi mitengo ya zipatso.

Mikhalidwe yomwe ikukula komanso chisamaliro cha kunyumba kwa muraia

Momwe mungasamalire chithunzi cha muraya Home maluwa muraya chithunzi

Mukamasamalira muraya moyenera, ndikumusankhirani malo abwino, amapatsa thanzi kwa ena kwa zaka zambiri.

• Ichi ndi chomera chowoneka bwino chomwe chimakonda kuyipitsa kuyatsa.
• Pazenera loyang'ana kumwera, kuwombera kutentha kwamasana kumafunika. Ngati kuunikaku kuli kowala kwambiri, masamba amatha kutembenukira chikaso ndi kutha.
• Ikakhala m'malo amdima, imatha kuphuka. Ndikofunika kutola malo abwino kamodzi kwa muraya ndipo adzayamika mwini wakeyo ndi masamba azapadera, maluwa oyenda bwino ndi zipatso zofiira.

Ngati khonde lanu kapena chipika chokhala ndi malo ofikira, nthawi yachilimwe mutha kuyika duwa pamenepo kapena kupita nalo kumunda pansi pa mitengo ikuluikulu. Ichi ndi chomera chamapiri chomwe chimakonda kutentha kochepera. M'nyengo yozizira, akumva bwino kwambiri pawindo lozizira, bola ngati kuli maola ochepa masana. Ngati kuwala kwakumbuyo kwakonzedwa, matenthedwe amatha kuwonjezeka pang'ono. Kenako muraya wanu amakula osasokoneza.

Muraya amamva bwino mu nyengo yonyowa,, zomwe zimatheka poyikapo mphikawo mumphika wokhala ndi dothi lokulitsa. Muraiya amakonda kusamba - chifukwa cha ichi, chotengera chomwe chili ndi duwa chimayikidwa mu beseni lalikulu kapena bafa ndikuthiriridwa kuchokera kuchitsime ndi madzi osungunuka, momwe amachepetsa dontho la ammonia kuti likhale ndi zakudya zowonjezera - iyi ndi njira yachangu yochititsira nayitrogeni.

M'nyengo yotentha, mmera umafunika kuthirira kwambiri chifukwa cha kukula msanga. Kumbukirani kupukutira murai nthawi ndi nthawi. M'nyengo yozizira, pakalibe magetsi owonjezera, kuthirira ndizochepa, koma muzu wokha suuma. Thumba lanyanjalo liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono - ngakhale kupendekera pang'ono pang'ono kumabweretsa kufa kwa chomera.

Kutambalala ndi kuthira manyowa murai

Muraya amakonda nthaka yopatsa thanzi yokhala ndi humus, ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga, peat ndi dongo. Gawo lokonzekera bwino la ma orchid ndilabwino kwambiri. Pansi pa mphikawo, ngalande amazidulira kuti zimalowetse chinyezi chambiri. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimapezeka pamene sapropel imawonjezeredwa ndi osakaniza - nyanja ya silika, yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati feteleza wopitilira ndipo simakhala ndi vuto lililonse ngati organic. Ngati muzipanga pang'ono pobzala, ndiye kuti kudyetsa kowonjezereka kumakhala kosafunikira.

• Mukabzala, chidwi chapadera chimalipidwa kufikira khosi la mizu - sayenera kukhala yakuzama kwambiri poika chitsamba, chomwe ndichofunika kuti muraya amve bwino.
• Amadyetsa murayu mwadongosolo. Feteleza zachilengedwe ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi mchere.

M'nyengo yozizira, ndikuwunikira kowonjezerapo, manyowa ndi gawo la masiku 12-14, kuthira feteleza maluwa kapena zovuta feteleza zam'munda zamaluwa.

Thirani

• Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mizu yolimba imakula mwachangu, kotero murayu amayenera kuthandizidwa chaka chilichonse, ndikusintha chidebe.
• Chidebe chachikulu chotsatira ndi chachikulu masentimita atatu kuposa chomwe chinali m'mbuyomu.
• Zomera zazikulu zimazolowedwa nthawi zambiri, m'malo mwake zimasintha dothi mumphika.
• Ngati simukufuna kutenga mtengo waukulu, womwe ungachitike posachedwa, kukula kwazomera kuyenera kuyendetsedwa ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa chidebe chodzala - ngati palibe malo oti mizu ipitirire, mizu yobiriwira yomwe ili mumphika iyimiranso kukula.

M'tsogolomu, ndikofunikira kupereka feteleza ndi feteleza wovuta kwambiri wamaluwa opaka ndi mapangidwe a mazira. Nthawi zina mutha kubwezeretsa pamwamba padothi.

Kudulira

Kupanga mawonekedwe ndikuchepetsa kukula kwa mphukira zazitali, muraiu amadulidwa, ndikupatsa tchire mawonekedwe ofunikira, ngakhale kuti kuchitapo kanthu sikofunikira kwenikweni - muraiya amatha kuthana ndi kupangidwa kwa korona wake, nthawi zina nthambi zokhazokha zimachotsedwa pazonse, zomwe zimatha kuchotsedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito kufalitsa .

Muraya wochokera kumbewu kunyumba

Chithunzi cha mitengo ya Muraya Momwe mungabzale Muraya kuchokera kumbewu

Muraiu imafalitsidwa ndi mbewu zomwe zimapezeka pamaluwa wamaluwa ndi zipatso zobala zipatso. Mafupa amapatukana mosavuta ndi zipatso zopsa bwino komanso zokulirapo kuti azidzala m'zotengera zosiyana.

• Mbewu zimabzalidwa chimodzi nthawi imodzi mumiphika yaying'ono kapena makapu, odzazidwa ndi dothi lopepuka la orchid, mpaka 1 cm, ndikuyika malo otentha, okutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira.
• Kusiya kumakhala kuthirira ngati dothi likoma komanso kupuma tsiku lililonse.
• Zomera zikatalika masentimita 5, muyenera kuwaphunzitsa pang'onopang'ono kuti azikhala osavundikira ndi kanema, kuwasiya otseguka kwa nthawi yochepa ndikuwonjezera nthawi.

Muraya kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba mbande chithunzi

• M'nyengo yozizira, mbande ndizothandiza.
• Mutha kuwabzala pamalo okhazikika pomwe mbande ikakulimba ndikufika msinkhu wa 8-9 cm.

Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti khosi la muzu mukamadzala silitha kuzama, koma ndibwino kuti muzilisintha musanaswe kukhulupirika kwa dothi loumbika.

Momwe mungasinthire mbande za muraya ndikuwuzani vidiyo

Zomera ndi zamphamvu ndipo zimalekerera mosavuta kufalikira. Momwe mizu imapangidwira bwino, motero palibe mavuto ndi kuzika kwamizu m'malo atsopano. Kupereka kuthirira nthawi zonse ndikovala pamwamba mutazika mizu, ndikosavuta kuti zitheke ndikukula kwa mbande.

Kufalikira kwa muraya podulidwa

Momwe mungadulire chithunzi cha murayu

Zidutswa zimakonzedwa mu kasupe kapena chilimwe kuchokera pamwamba pa mphukira. Mchenga wosakaniza wopanda michere ndiwothandiza kuti mizu yaying'ono ipangike. Ndikwabwino kusankha chidebe cha izi ndi chivindikiro chowonekera, mutabzala zodulidwa, zikhazikitsani pafupi ndi kutentha.

• Mizu yovuta ndizovuta, chifukwa chake muyenera kuthana ndi zodula ndi muzu.
• Pazifukwa izi, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito bwino madzi amtundu wa agave. Tsamba la mbewuyi limayikidwa sabata limodzi mufiriji, lomwe limayambitsa mphamvu zake, kenako, atatha kufinya madontho ochepa amadzimadzi, amawagawa.
• Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsina kukula.
• Zidula mizu bwino ngati iwo akonzanso pansi.

Zizindikiro za kukula zikawoneka, mbewu zazing'ono amazika nazo mumiphika.

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Matenda akudutsa Murayu - iyemwini amatha kuletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, bowa, ma virus. Koma muyenera kuyang'anira chinyontho m'nthaka mukubzala, kupewa kuchulukana ndikusokerera kwa nthaka m'nthaka kuti poteteza mbewuyo isafe.

• Mwa tizirombo, choopsa chachikulu ndi nthata zofiira, zomwe zimatayidwa mothandizidwa ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda oyenera. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi: pangani chisakanizo cha birch phula, sopo ochapira, madzi (1: 3: 4), sakanizani bwino, ikani mafuta ndi burashi kuzomera zomwe zakhudzidwa.
• Mphutsi zimafa, koma mphutsi zatsopano zimawonekera kuchokera kuma testicles omwe amasungidwa pansi pa scutellum, kotero mankhwalawa amabwerezedwanso masiku 7 mpaka 7 mpaka tizilombo tosowa. Mutha kuyesa kupopera mankhwalawa ndi vodika, mutayesedwa kale pa nthambi imodzi.
• Chithandizo chilichonse chimayenera kubwerezedwa katatu konse kuti muchotse tizilombo.
• Ma nsabwe za m'masamba akaukira, amachotsedwa ndi sopo phulusa.

Chifukwa chiyani si Muraya

• Chomera sichimaphuka ngati sichikhala ndi kuwala kokwanira. Ndikofunikira kuyika mphika ndi chomera pafupi ndi zenera.
• Kuphatikiza apo, kusunga malamulo a chisamaliro omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa ndikofunikira.
• Potsutsana ndi kuzungulira kwa mbewu ya chomera, kusowa chinyezi, kutentha kapena kuchuluka kwake, mbewuyo imakumana ndi mavuto, pomwe kusakhalaku kwamaluwa ndichilengedwe.

Kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kupindulitsa katundu wa muraya

Ku India ndi Sri Lanka, komwe muraya amakula mwachilengedwe, amakonda kwambiri anthu okongola am'deralo omwe amakonda kukongoletsa tsitsi lawo ndi maluwa ake onunkhira. Masamba okhala ndi muraya kaenskaya - gawo lofunika kwambiri pa zokongoletsera zotchuka, popanda zomwe kulibe zakudya zaku India. Imawonjezedwa pakuphika.

Masamba osankhidwa kumene, maluwa ndi zipatso za muraya amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala. Muli mavitamini ndi zakudya zowonjezera zakudya. Limbitsani capillaries ndi makhoma amtsempha wamagazi. Fungo lamaluwa limaletsa kuukira kwa angina, limapangitsa kugona kugona komanso kumachepetsa. A decoction a masamba amavala ndi zilonda zapakhosi, ndipo akaphatikizidwa ndi rosemary komanso chomera, amakhala ndi matenda amkati.

Zipatso za muraya zimakhala ndi antioxidants, zimakhala ndi mphamvu m'thupi - zipatso 2-3, zodyedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu zimathandizira kukhazikikanso ndi mphamvu, kuwonjezera chitetezo chokwanira komanso kuthana ndi kutopa.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ukufalikira kwa muraya kusungidwa pa desktop kapena mu chipinda cha ana - zinthu zosasinthika zobisika zomwe zimasulidwa zimakhudza zochitika zam'maganizo komanso zochitika zina, zimawonjezera mphamvu, ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matenda oyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo.

Muraya amachiritsa mpweya mnyumba. Imakhala ndi zopindulitsa kwambiri pakupanga madzi mpweya wamagetsi ndikuchepetsa kuwuma kwa mpweya wamkati, ndipo mabakiteriya ambiri oyipa amaphedwa ndi phytoncides osasunthika.

Mitundu ya muraya wamkati wokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe

Mitundu iwiri yofanana imakulidwa m'zipinda: Exotic kapena zakunja muraiu (M. exotica) ndi mantha muraiu (M. paniculata).

Muraya wokongola Murraya exotica

Kudzala chithunzi cha Muraya ndi zithunzi zapadera za Murraya zojambula ndi zithunzi zaukongoletsedwe

Muraya wakunja amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha masamba owoneka bwino amiyala amtundu wina wamarimu, womwe ukakhudzidwa, umatulutsa fungo labwino, lofanana ndi fungo la rue. Imapezeka ku India, Indochina, ku Sumatra. Kutali, chomera chachikulu cha muraya chimakhala cholakwika mosavuta ndimu - masamba ake ndi ofanana ndi masamba a zipatso. Chimakula pang'onopang'ono, chimakhala ndi kuphuka kwakanthawi. Choyamba, zimangokhala mphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali, kenako kukula kumakula mwachangu.

Mabuku amakula masabata 2-3. Maluwa amadzipukusa tokha, ofanana ndi mandimu, akulu akulu, ngakhale mitengo yaying'ono. Maluwa, masamba, zipatso zimatha kuwonjezeredwa popanga tiyi - ali ndi mankhwala. Zipatso zimatheka.

Murraya paniculata Murraya paniculata

Chithunzi cha Murray panicle Murraya paniculata chithunzi

Paniculata muraiha amatchedwanso myrtle waku Japan chifukwa cha dziko lomwe adachokera. Ndi iye yemwe amatchedwa muraya onunkhira. Zomera zokongoletsera zamitengo yoyera chipale chofewa zimakongoletsa chomeracho. Ngakhale duwa limodzi lokongola kwambiri limadzaza m'chipindacho ndi fungo labwino komanso malo abwino.

Muraya Koenig Murraya koenigii Royal kapena Aronia

Chithunzi cha Muraya Koenig Murraya koenigii Royal kapena Aronia

Sipezeka kawirikawiri m'misonkho yakunyumba. Ndikutengera mtunduwu kumene kutulutsa kophimba kotchuka kumapangidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito masamba onunkhira pokonzekera. Masamba okhala ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira, ndipo zipatso zake zimakhala zakuda buluu kapena pafupifupi zakuda. Mnofu wa zipatso umatheka, ndipo njerezo ndi zapoizoni kwa anthu. Wopambana wamkulu Genghis Khan adalawa zipatso kuti achulukitse mikhalidwe ndikukula ana.

Zalala ndi mitundu yosabala

Chithunzi cha Muraya amtundu wa Murraya exotica 'minima' chithunzi

Zowoneka muraya ndi mtundu wawung'ono wamantha ndi wamisala wodabwitsa, unawoneka chifukwa cha kusinthika ndipo umasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba ang'ono. Kutalika sikokwanira kupitirira 50 cm, ndipo thunthu limakhala lophuka komanso lopindika. Amakopa olima maluwa kumayambiriro kwa maluwa - 5 masentimita tchire kale amatha kubala chipatso.

Pali mitundu yosakhala yachonde yomwe amaberekera ku Australia. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi okongoletsa poyang'ana misewu, kupanga mipanda. Kuchokera pamenepo, pogwiritsa ntchito tsitsi, kumapangidwa zojambula zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakongoletsa mapaki, misewu, mabwalo.

Fungo lolemera lolemera limakhala ndi katundu wodabwitsa - limapangitsa mtima kugunda bwino, moyenera, limapangitsa kupuma, kusintha kugona, kutsitsa magazi, komanso kumapangitsa kupepuka. Chifukwa chake, mitengo ya Muraya nthawi zonse imayikidwa mzipinda zamfumu.Mtengo wokongola, wamaluwa nthawi zonse komanso wopatsa zipatso umawoneka wokongola kwambiri ndipo umatha kununkhira ndi kununkhira ngakhale chipinda chachikulu kwambiri. Chomera ichi nthawi zonse chimawonedwa ngati chithumwa cha mabanja, ndipo munthu yemwe amapumira kununkhira kwake anali ndi mbadwa zamphamvu komanso zanzeru.