Kubzala kwa Holly ndikusamalira Zidutswa ndi zodula Zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi Zogwiritsira ntchito mamangidwe ake

Kubzala Holly Holly ndikusamalira Mitundu yotchuka ndi mafotokozedwe

Mwa mtundu Holly, banja la a Hollows, pafupifupi mitundu 400 ya mitengo ndi zitsamba zomwe zimamera kuchokera kumalo otentha kupita kumalo otentha. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yama holly imaphatikiza, nthawi zina, mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana.

Zitha kukhala zowoneka bwino kapena zobiriwira nthawi zonse, zitsamba zokwawa komanso zimphona zamamita ambiri. Mu tsamba limodzi, masamba onse okhala ndi masamba osalala komanso osalala osalala amatha kukhazikika. Mitundu yonse ya holly ndiyosiyanasiyana. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono, owala bwino amapezeka mumtambo wa masamba. Zipatso zimakhala ngati mabulosi, monga ma drupes.

Holly adayikidwa ngati chomera chokomera komanso chololera mumthunzi. Pofuna kubereka, mbeu zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwa miyezi 18 zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Samakana njira ya kubereka, ngakhale samakonda zojambulidwa ndipo amadwala kwambiri, atazika mizu m'malo atsopano.

Chomera chimakhala chamtengo chifukwa chokongoletsa, chifukwa chakuti chimatha kusunga mawonekedwe ake kwa nthawi yayitali itadulidwa. Kuyambira kale, nthambi zake zakhala zikulemekezedwa, ndikukhulupirira kuti zikutsutsana ndi mizimu yoyipa, ngati ilimbitsa pamwamba pa khomo. Nthambi za chomeracho zimagwiritsidwabe ntchito pamotifomu ya nkhata za Khrisimasi, pa garlands. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamatchalitchi a makhadi a Chaka Chatsopano ku mayiko a Old World.

Mkhalidwe wokula ndi chisamaliro chokwanira

Mitundu yonse ya ma holly bwino imalekerera pang'ono ndi mthunzi, popanda kukumana ndi zovuta. Komabe, padzuwa limakula bwino. Mwa njira, kukula kwachinyamata kuyenera kutetezedwa ku kuwala kwa dzuwa mu April. Amakonda dothi labwinobwino lomwe lili ndi mitundu yambiri ya humus, yoyenda bwino. Ngati muli ndi loam yopepuka, onjezani humus ndi mchenga kuti mulimitse nthaka komanso makina azakudya.

Ndikosavuta kulekerera, koma ngati mungofunikira kubzala mbewu, chitani izi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ndiye kuti opareshoni idzachitika ndikuwonongeka kochepa.

Holly Holly m'matawuni

M'nyengo yozizira, holide yobiriwira nthawi zonse imakhala yokongola kwambiri m'mundamo

Tsoka ilo, kukula kwakukula kwa ku Yuropu m'mundamo (ndi ma hybrids ochepa pa nyengo yozizira - mwachitsanzo, ma mesxvae mesxva a Ilex x) kutha kukhala kotheka kumadera okhala ndi nyengo yofunda kumene chisanu sichikugwa pansi -20 ° C, ndipo pokhapokha kwa nthawi yochepa. Mwa mitundu yodziwika yomwe imalekerera nyengo yozizira pafupi ndi Moscow, izi ndizodziwika: "China Girl", "Blue Maid", "China Boy", "Blue Baron", "Blue Princess".

Zofunikira pa Holly:

Kuthirira pafupipafupi muzaka zowuma ndikofunikira.
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumatha kuchitika mu nthawi ya masika, munthawi yogwira popanga zobiriwira zambiri. Ma feteleza ovuta amtunduwu amasankhidwa, ndizotheka ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni. Zimayankha bwino pakuvala kwachilengedwe.
Kudulira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga korona. Zimathandizanso kuchotsa nthambi zowonongeka ndi zouma.

Chifukwa chiyani holly alibe zipatso - zifukwa

Chifukwa chiyani holly alibe zipatso choti achite

Holly ndi chomera chokongoletsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali "mbewu" zachimuna ndi "zazimayi", ndipo zipatso zimangopanga tchire lokhala ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana, akazi. Kuti muwone zipatso zokongola, muyenera kubzala chomera chachikazi ndi chachimuna pafupi.

Chithunzi cha maluwa achikazi ndi chachimuna Pamwambapa - nthambi kuchokera pachomera chachimuna, pansipa - kuchokera kwa chachikazi

Maluwa ndi zipatso zimangokhala kokha ngati nthambi zazaka ziwiri, motero muyenera kusamala ndikudulira.
Mukadula nthambi zazifupi kwambiri, mbewuyo singakhale pachimake.
Ngozi yodula masamba imachulukanso ndikudulira kwamalimwe ndi nthawi yophukira.
Ndibwino kumudulira holly mu kasupe kuti athe kuyika maluwa pofika chaka chamawa.

Holly amatha kukhetsa maluwa ndi thumba losunga mazira ngati alibe chinyontho. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti dziko lapansi silikuuma. Kuphatikiza apo, chisanu chozizira kwambiri nthawi yachisanu kapena chisanu cham'madzi chingawononge nthambi za zipatso, chifukwa chake simukutha kuwona zipatso.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Pakati pa tizirombo, nsabwe za m'masamba zimadziwika kugunda mphukira zazing'ono. Mitundu yobiriwira nthawi zonse imakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo tambiri ndi masamba a masamba. Njira zowongolera - chithandizo ndi mankhwala oyenera ophera tizilombo. Nthawi zina mizu imayamba kutuluka, chifukwa cha vuto lakelo. Katetezedwe - chida chotsekera madzi mukadzala, kupewa kunjenjemera kwamvula pakagwa mvula.

Kufalitsa kwa Holly ndi odulidwa

Ndikovuta kufalitsa mbewu ndi mbewu: popeza maluwawo ndi ophatikizika, kupukutira uchifunikira kumafunikira. Kubzala mbewu ndikofunikira pakatha nthawi yayitali. Mwachilengedwe, nthawi imeneyi imatenga zaka 1.5. wamaluwa amaika mbewu mufiriji mu kugwa ndikuwabzala mu April. Mutha kudikirira mbande ngakhale zaka 2-3.

Chifukwa chake, pofalitsa holly, zodula kapena zigawo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zodulidwa zapachaka zosakhala zoduladula zimadulidwa 10-12 cm.
Masamba onse amachotsedwa chachitali chachitali.
Kenako, zodulidwazo zimasungidwa kwa maola 24 mu yankho lazu ndikumera m'madzi opanda kanthu mpaka mizu yake itawonekera.

Ma cutter a Holly amazika m'madzi

Mutha "kubzala" kudula m'malo otetezeka m'mundawo kapena kubzala m'magalasi kuti muzike mizu pawindo.
Kupereka madzi okwanira komanso ngalande zabwino, mupeza mbande zabwino mukatha miyezi iwiri kapena itatu.
Zidutswa zomwe zimakhidwa m'madzi zimayamba kubzalidwa mumiphika kuti zikule.
Potseguka, mbewu zatsopano zimangobzulidwa kasupe wotsatira.

Nyengo isanayambike, tchire limakhala ndi nthawi yomanga mizu, ndipo nthambi kuti zikhwime kuti zithe kupulumuka nyengo yozizira. Koma kuti mutsimikize bwino nyengo yachisanu, m'dzinja tchire limakutidwa ndi nthaka ndikuphimbidwa ndi nthambi zanthete.

Kufalitsa kwa Holly mwa kuyala

Kufalitsa kwofananira ndi kuyika chithunzi

Ngati holly wanu ukukula kale, mutha kufalitsa nthambi zake ndikuziphimba ndi dothi.

Kuti nthambi zisaphukire ndi kutuluka, ndibwino kuzikhomera ndi mabatani achitsulo pansi, ndikuchotsa masamba m'malo omwe mudzawaza ndi lapansi.
Pakapita kanthawi, mizu idzaonekera apa, kenako nthambi zatsopano.
M'nyengo yotsatira, nthawi ya kasupe, mmera umasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera ndi kubzala pamalo osankhidwa.

Momwe mungabzalire holly

Mmera mumphika mumayamba kuthiriridwa kuti muchepetse chotupa ndipo chitha kutulutsa mosavuta.
Dzenje amakonzedwa pasadakhale, pafupifupi katatu mphika akuzama ndi m'mimba mwake. ngalande zosachepera 3-4 masentimita zimayikidwa pansi pa bowo: imatha kudula njerwa, miyala yaching'ono kapena zinthu zina zilizonse zomwe zimalimbikitsira kutunga kwa madzi kuchokera pansi.
Kuwaza ndi humus pamwamba (pafupifupi theka la chidebe pa dzenje, kusakanizika pakati ndi nthaka.
Kenako ikani mmera motsamira ndikumawaza ndi dothi lam michere, kuyesa pang'ono pang'ono kuzama khosi. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kufalikira kwa mizu itatha kuchepa. Zomera zimalekezera kuzama pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Kuthirira kwambiri, koma popanda kusayenda kwamadzi.

Mitundu ndi mitundu yamitundu yokhala ndi mafotokozedwe ndi zithunzi

Holly adakwinyira Ilex rugos

Wrinkled holly - Ilex rugosa Fr. Schmidt

Kumpoto konseku kuchokera ku Primorye mpaka Sakhalin "kunali" kotengedwa "ndi khwimbi lonselo. Zokonda zimaperekedwa ku nkhalango za mitengo yobiriwira ndi mitengo ya mkungudza. Zimatanthauzira zitsamba zobiriwira nthawi zonse. Kutalika kwake sikudutsa mamita 0.5. Simalola nyengo yozizira kwambiri, pang'ono pang'ono yozizira. Sichisinthidwa kuti muzisamalira ma paki ndi nyumba zanyengo yachilimwe.

M'mphepete mwa Sikhote-Alin, mumtambo wa Ayan spruces, khola lotsekemera limapezeka, onse mumitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso m'magulu. Amakhala bwino pano, monga chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa chimapulumutsa mbewuyi ku chisanu pakufa nthawi yozizira, ndipo nthawi yotentha chifukwa chazama kwambiri pamlengalenga pamatha kupangidwa bwino.

Holly ndiwopezeka kwa anthu okhala ku Sakhalin, komanso zilumba zakum'mwera za Kuril. Chomera ichi ndi choimira zakale kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ku Far East. Ngakhale mu nthawi ya Tertiary, khwimbi la khansa limakulidwa m'derali limodzi ndi beech ndi magnolia. Ndipo chozizwitsa chokha ndi chomwe chidathandiza kuti utatuwo ukhalebe pazilumba za Kuril Islands. Ku Primorye, magnolia yokhala ndi beech inatha.

Holly anakalipira Ilex verticillata

Zodzikongoletsa mozungulira pachithunzichi, kalasi Ilex verticillata Maryland Kukongola

Ichi ndi wachibale wapafupi wa holly holly, wogawidwa ku North America. Ndi mawonekedwe osankha. Imakula kutalika kuyambira mita mpaka atatu, korona ndi wokulirapo komanso wokutidwa ndi masamba owala ndi utoto wokhazikika. Maluwa sawoneka bwino, ang'ono. Masamba ofiira owala amdima amatha kuwonekera pokhoma mbewu za pistil, koma kuti mphamvu zake zichitike, toyesa samayenera kubzala.

Mwa mitundu yonse ya mitundu ya holly pali mitundu yambiri yamtengo wapatali. Zokongoletsa kwambiri ndizodziwika bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimamera m'chigawo cha North America. Imakula m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'madambo ndipo imakonda chinyezi. Bizinesi zimakongoletsa nthaka pamithunzi ya kumwera kwa dimba. Malo amadzuwa amangochita zachinyengo kwa iye. Chitetezo chapadera chimafunika kuchokera ku kuwala kwa dzuwa. Simalola chilala. Nthambi zake zimakhala ndi maolivi okhala ndi maolivi, masamba obiriwira akuluakulu amasintha mtundu wawo kuti ukhale wobiriwira kukhala wachikasu lalanje pomwepo nthawi yophukira.

Holly Holly Ilex Aquifolium

Chithunzi cha Holly Holly zosiyanasiyana Siliva Mfumukazi Ilex Aquifolium Siliva Wamkazi Wachifumu wa Siliva

Zomera zamtchire ndizofala kumwera kwa Europe, kukula kwa North America ndi Asia Minor. Itha kuyimiridwa ngati chomera chantchito chobiriwira nthawi zonse. Imatchedwanso mtengo wa holly holly, womwe umatalika mpaka 15 metres. Korona wake wakuda wa piramidi kapena chowulungika amapangidwa chifukwa cha nthambi zazifupi zofalikira.

Tsamba lamtundu wa oblong-ovate lodziwika bwino limadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa m'mphepete mwa wavy, mano atatu ndi spines yayikulu. Maluwa oyera oyera ngati chipale chofewa amakhala onunkhira bwino. Zipatso zofiira zowala, zomwe m'mimba mwake zimakhala 1 cm, zimatha kukhalabe nthawi yawo yonse yozizira pamaudzu awo.

Ndipo ngakhale holly holly imatengedwa ngati mbewu yolephera chisanu yomwe imatha kupirira kutentha kwa 22 ° C, izi sizokwanira mchigawo chapakati cha Russian Federation, ndipo mbewuyo imayenera kulimidwa m'munda wozizira. Amakonda malo opanda mthunzi, mwina ndichifukwa chake sakukula msanga. Ali ndi chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka zana. Itha kuumbidwa, mothandizidwa ndi yomwe imapeza mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena piramidi. Mwambiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya holly holly imadziwika ndi mtundu wosokonekera mu mawonekedwe a tsamba ndi korona, mumtundu wa chipatso. Nthawi zambiri, holly holly imatha kupezeka m'nkhalango za beech, fir komanso spruce ku North Caucasus.

Zomera zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono ndi m'bale wake waku Europe. Chifukwa chake, botanists adawaphatikiza pansi pa mayina "Colchis Holly", masamba ang'onoang'ono omwe amalowa m'mitsempha yolimba, ndi "Narrow-kutsogolo Holly", yemwe masamba ake ndi akulu ndipo chipatsocho chimakhala ndi fupa yopapatiza. Colchis holly anachokera ku madera a Asia Minor ndi Transcaucasia. M'malo awa ndi mtengo wawung'ono, mpaka 2,5 m kutalika, wokhala ndi nthambi kapena chitsamba chomwe chimafalikira pansi. Pakati pa Russia, shrub imakula mpaka mamita 0.5. Masamba ake amdima obiriwira amakhala odera, osakhazikika. Ndi isanayambike chisanu, imayamba kuzizira, koma, chifukwa chakuchira, kumakulanso.

Town Holly Ilex crenata

Chithunzi cha Town Holly Ilex crenata 'Convexa'

Chilumba cha Sakhalin ndi Kuril Ridge amadziwika kuti ndi kwawo. Gorodny holly ndi mtengo wamtali, mpaka 7 metres. Kawirikawiri siziwona ngati chitsamba. Malingaliro awa ndi okongoletsa kwambiri. Nthambi zake, monga boxwood, zimadulira. Anthu achijapani amakonda mawonekedwe amtali wa tawuniyi ndipo amakonda kwambiri kudula matchire. Kudera la Crimean-Caucasian, mbewuyo imamera pang'onopang'ono ndipo sizibala zipatso.

Holly wideleaf Ilex leucoclada

Imapezeka ku China, imakhala ndi masamba ambiri a platinamu, imasiyana m'maluwa ochepa komanso mapangidwe zipatso.

Holly Ilex wa Paraguayan paraguariensis

Chithunzi cha Holly Paraguayan Ilex paraguariensis

Dzinali limadzilankhulira lokha, mbewuyi ndi yobadwira ku Paraguay - dziko lochokera pakati pa Africa kumene nyengo yotentha imakhala yotentha kwambiri. Kugawidwa ku Uruguay, Argentina ndi Brazil. Tiyi yochokera kumasamba a Paraguayan holly amatchedwa wokondedwa ndipo amachiritsa. Chakumwa chake chimakhala chothandiza kwambiri ndipo chimapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba owuma.

Holly Colchis Ilex colchica

Chithunzi cha Holly Colchis Ilex colchica

Shrub imakula mpaka theka mita, limalekerera bwino mikhalidwe yapakati Russia. Masamba ofiirira achikuda omwe amakhala ndi m'mphepete m'mphepete mwachikuta. Mtundu wobiriwira wa masamba obiriwirawo umakometsedwa ndi sera.

Wophatikiza wopindika

M'matawuni ocheperako, mitengo yopindika imakhala yokhazikika. Mtundu wosakanizidwa, womwe umapezeka podutsa wamba wa ku Korea wokhala ndi makwinya, unazika mizu makamaka. Dzinali ndi mesheng. Imakhala ndi kukana chisanu.
Mitundu ya Blue Made imasiyana mosiyana ndi ena onse chifukwa maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ali pa chomera chomwecho, ngakhale masamba ake obiriwira samawala ndipo sawoneka bwino, mwachitsanzo, Blue Angel. Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi zipatso zofiira kapena zachikasu. Amasungidwa bwino nthawi yonse yozizira. Ndi nthambi za chomeracho (nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi zipatso zowala), azungu azungu amakongoletsa malo a Khrisimasi.

Holly Mezerva Blue Anapanga Chithunzi Kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Zipatso zazikulu za lalanje motsutsana ndi chisanu choyera ndi zobiriwira za conifers zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri. Nthawi zina zokongoletsera zamaluwa zimapereka nthambi za mitengo kuti zikongoletse maluwa.

Mitundu yotchuka ya holly pazithunzi mawonekedwe

Holly ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri pakupanga mipanda: mitundu yazifupi yaifupi yokhala ndi zokongoletsera zabwino, imakula pang'onopang'ono komanso kulekerera tsitsi lopanda tsitsi.

Chithunzithunzi chosinthana ndi chikaso chamakoko chakumaso kwaArgentina Marginata Argentea Marginata

Mitundu ya Variegate ndiyotchuka kwambiri, imadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa malire owala m'mphepete mwa masamba. Zomera zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri, ndipo zipatso zachikasu sizachilendo.

Chithunzi cha Holly holly variegate Ilex aquifolium 'Siliva Milkmaid'

Sanjani Siliva Milkmaid ali ndi masamba osazolowereka, ngati opotoza. Mtundu wobiriwira wakuda ndi mikwaso yachikasu chowala amawoneka bwino.

Zithunzi za Holly holly zosiyanasiyana Ilex aquifolium 'Silver Milkboy'

Mtundu wina wosangalatsa ndi Siliva Milkboy wokhala ndi masamba oyera oyera pakati ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wa masamba opindika okhala ndi mbali zokumbira zowongoka.

Chithunzi cha Holly Holly Handsworth Chuma Chatsopano cha Ilex aquifolium 'Handsworth Chatsopano'

Mitundu yatsopano ya Holly yokhala ndi Holly yatsopano imakhala yotchuka kwambiri - ilibe minga, masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana: m'mphepete mwa masamba ndi penti yoyera, koma zipatsozo zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kusiyanasiyana kotereku, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakongoletsa kwambiri.

Holly Golide Mfumu Ilex x altaclerensis mfumu yagolide

Zokongoletsera zoyambirira za dimba ndi lalikulu zidzakhala mfumu yagolide ya King King Ilex x altaclerensis golide. Mapepala ofanana osazolowereka okhala ndi denticles yaying'ono, wachikaso kutalika mozungulira. Zipatso zofiirira zowirira pang'ono, ngati mikanda, zimamwazika panthambi.