Mukachita kafukufuku wa alimi a nkhuku, ambiri anganene kuti pakati pa mitundu yabwino kwambiri payenera kukhala bakha wa Peking. Ngakhale kuti zidziwitso zoyamba za mtunduwu zidawonekera zaka mazana atatu zapitazo, ndipo mbalameyi idatumizidwa ku Europe m'zaka zana zapitazo, abakha a chiyambi cha Peking akupikisanabe pamtunda ndi mitanda yamasiku ano.
Kodi chinsinsi cha kutchuka kotereku ndi chiyani? Momwe mungasungire bakha Peking kunyumba, ndipo kupindulitsa kwa mtunduwu ndi kopindulitsa bwanji?
Kufotokozera za mtundu wa abakha a Peking
Ku USSR, abakha a Peking anali amodzi mwa ambiri. Masiku ano, pamafamu akuluakulu, pang'onopang'ono akuyamba kubereka zipatso ndi mitanda yopindulitsa kwambiri, koma anthu a mtundu wa Beijing akugwiritsidwabe ntchito ngati kholo labere.
Mbalamezi sizikulowerereka kuthamanga kwa kulemera, kupirira komanso kusazindikira. Mabakha a peking amatha kusungidwa nyengo iliyonse, sawopa kuzizira.
Kale mwezi ndi theka, ana aang'ono okhathamira amalemera makilogalamu 2,3, ndipo nyama ikhoza kupezeka m'kaundula miyezi inayi, pomwe kulemera kwa bakha kumafikira 4 kg. Kwa chaka chimodzi, nkhuku yodula imapatsa mazira 80 mpaka 120 olemera 90 g. Nyama za abakha a Beijing ndiwofewa, okhathamira, ndipo zokolola zake poyerekeza ndi kupha thupi zimafika 70%.
Zinthu zosunga ndi kuswana abakha a Peking
Kunenepa kwambiri kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza nyama yabwino kwambiri pakatha masiku 60 kubadwa kwa abakha. Komabe, pobereketsa abakha a Peking kunyumba, kupha kumachitika pambuyo pake. Alimi odziwitsa nkhuku amalangizidwa kuti asamadye kwambiri mbalamezo. Pali zifukwa zingapo. Pambuyo masiku 70 amoyo, abakha amayamba kusungunuka, omwe:
- Imachepetsa kukula kwawo;
- kwambiri kumawonjezera kudya chakudya;
- imathetsa kuchotsedwa kwa ma plumage ku nyama yakufa ataphedwa kale.
Ndi zakudya zosankhidwa bwino, mbalame zotere sizitha kulemera, koma mafuta. Zotsatira zake, zopindulitsa zachuma pakusunga bakha wa Peking zimachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Mwa zina zomwe woweta nkhuku yemwe akufuna kubereketsa mbalame zaubwino wazanyama ayenera kudziwa, pali kuwonjezeka kwa mantha ndi kusangalatsa kwa abakha. Kuphatikiza apo, si nkhuku zabwino kwambiri, choncho mazira a Peking amayikidwa pansi pa nkhuku zina kapena amaikidwa mu chofungatira.
Oimira gulu la Peking adzaoneka ngati okonda kusamba kwambiri kwa iwo omwe adziwa kuti azisunga Indochina, koma samasiyana pakukhazikika.
Kubzala abakha kunyumba
Ndi ziti zomwe zilimo? Kodi kusamalira abakha a Peking pafamu yapadera?
Kwa oyamba kumene, kuswana kunyumba kwa abakha a Peking kumalumikizidwa ndi kupezeka kwa malo aang'ono achichepere ndi makonzedwe amtsogolo a ziweto. Bola ngati anapiye amathandizidwa ndikuthandizidwa ndi anapiye. Izi zimachotsa mavuto ambiri kwa mlimi wa nkhuku. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ana oyamwa amaikidwa m'chipinda momwe kutentha kuyenera kusungidwira pa 28-30 ° C. Kutenthetsa mkati mwa brooder kumathandizidwa ndi nyali zapadera, mapiritsi otenthetsera kapena njira zina zotetezeka kwa mbalame. M'milungu iwiri yoyambirira ya moyo, kutentha m'nyumba kumabweretsa pang'onopang'ono, kutentha kwa chipinda, ndipo palibe chifukwa chowonjezera kutentha.
Kuti anapiye omwe akukula mwachangu samva kukakamizidwa, abulu opitilira 15 sayenera kukhazikitsidwa mwa mita imodzi. Pankhaniyi, woweta nkhuku amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa ukhondo wa chipindacho, mulingo wa chinyezi, kuyatsa ndi mpweya wabwino, komanso mawonekedwe a mbalame. Ana obadwa ndi zizindikiro za kudwala, owopsa, okana chakudya kapena okhumudwitsidwa, ayenera kuchotsedwa pagululo nthawi yomweyo.
Chidwi cha kudyetsa abakha a Peking kuyambira maora oyamba amoyo ayenera kukhala ochuluka. Chakudya choyamba chimayembekezera tiana titapuma pang'ono.
Pakadali pano, abakha amapatsidwa zakudya zouma zamphesa, phala, tchizi. Mbalameyi imapatsidwa mkaka wokhathamira, dzira lophika yolimba. Masiku angapo pambuyo pake, amadyera amadzimadzi amaphatikizidwa mu zakudya za abakha a Peking. Itha kukhala:
- nettle wolimba;
- dandelions;
- clover;
- alfalfa;
- m'munda mtola.
Abakha amakonda kwambiri masamba a kabichi, nsonga za karoti. Kuti muwonetsetse phindu la chakudya m'zakudya, mutha kuwonjezera mbatata yophika pang'ono.
Ndikukwaniritsa zosowa zam'mimbazi, abakha amaperekedwa:
- choko;
- phulusa lamatabwa;
- chigobacho.
Pang'onopang'ono, menyuwo amaphatikiza mchere, chipolopolo ndi miyala. Mpaka sabata limodzi ndi theka, ana abakha amadyetsedwa kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku, akuphatikiza phala ndi mkaka wowawasa, nsomba kapena msuzi wa nyama. Pang'onopang'ono, kuchuluka kwa madyetsedwe kumachepetsedwa kukhala anayi. Ndipo kuyambira mwezi umodzi wokha, mbalameyi imatulutsidwa kumalo osungira otetezeka, komwe ma Peking amapita kusambira osati kosangalatsa, komanso amadya mwangwiro monga mawonekedwe am'madzi am'madzi, crustaceans ang'ono ndi tizilombo, mollusks ndi mphutsi, komanso achinyamata a nsomba zakomweko.
Ngakhale kukula kwachilengedwe kwachilengedwe, abakha a Peking, ngati mafoni ena amadzi ena, ali ndi matumbo afupiafupi. Izi zimathandizira kuthamanga kwa chakudya ndikuwona kuchuluka kwambiri kwa metabolic. Kuti mbalame izichedwa kulemera, imafunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi komanso mokwanira.
Kudzimbidwa kwa chakudya cha chimanga kumatenga pafupifupi maola anayi, ndipo zosakaniza zakunyowa zimakonzedwa mu zitatu zokha. Kuti mukhale ndi nyama yabwino, ndikofunikira kuti mupatse chakudya chamagulu, okhala ndi chakudya chambiri komanso mafuta omanga thupi omanga thupi. Nsomba ndi nyama ndizofunikira pano, ndipo ngati ndi kotheka, abakha amapatsidwa nsomba zochepa, zopaka ndi mafuta omwe amathandizidwa ndi kutentha.
Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimaphatikizanso zakudya zowonjezera mchere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lizikonzanso ndi michere, makamaka calcium, komanso mavitamini.
Kuphatikizapo chipolopolo chophwanyika ndi choko. Pofuna kukonza chimbudzi, miyala yoyala imathiridwa mu chakudya chokha. Tisaiwale za kufunika kwa nkhuku mu madzi akumwa oyera.
Kusambitsa mbalame, zotengera zam'madzi zimayikidwa padera pafupi ndi nyumbayo kapena ng'ombeyo imapatsidwa mwayi wopita kuchitsime komwe kuli motetezedwa.
Abakha amakonda mbewu zobiriwira zabwino. Zomera zonse zam'madzi ndi zamunda zam'munda zimalowetsedwa mu menyu yachilimwe. Mukamaweta abakha a Peking kunyumba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbatata zophika, beets shuga, kaloti, ndi zina zambiri mbewu. Anaphika mkate kwa mbalame, yisiti yokhala ndi mavitamini a gulu B ambiri amawonjezeredwa.
Kupezeka kwa dziwe lapafupi mukamaweta abakha a Peking kumathandiza kupulumutsa chakudya chochuluka. Komabe, woweta nkhuku sangakhale wopanda nkhawa iliyonse yodyetsa. Pokhapokha pakuwona malamulo osunga ndi kusamalira mbalame zomwe abakha a Peking amawonetsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri ndikupatsanso nyamayo nyama yabwino komanso yabwino.
