Oimira genus Adiantum omwe akukhala madera ambiri padziko lapansi ndi ferns ya herbaceous osatha. Monga mbewu zamkati, mitundu ingapo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi masamba owala obiriwira, omwe amadziwika kuti ndiwo mwayi wabwino komanso gawo lodziwika la mtunduwo. Ma Adiantums omwe amakhala mu chipinda ndi osakhazikika ndipo chisamaliro chokhazikika samataya kukongoletsa kwake kwazaka zambiri.
Adiantum Venus tsitsi (A. capillus-veneris)
Mwa mitundu yambiri ya ma ferns, wotchuka komanso wokondedwa kwambiri ndi omwe amalima maluwa ndi tsitsi la adiantum Venus. Mtundu wopezeka zachilengedwe ku Mediterranean, ku Crimea ndi Caucasus, komanso ku kontrakitala yaku America komanso ku maiko aku North Africa ndi Asia Minor, umadziwika kwambiri kwawo. Kum'mwera kwa Europe, imatha kukhala nthawi yozizira komanso malo ena.
Kutalika kwa mtengowo kupitirira theka la mita. Masamba ndi pinnate, asymmetrical, kutalika kwake amatha kukula mpaka 20-25 sentimita. Magawo pawokha okhala ndi mawonekedwe obovate samapitirira kutalika kwa 2-3 cm.Gawo lam'mwambalo la magawo silimakonzedwa ndipo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi mawonekedwe a fan. Masamba opepuka amasiyanitsidwa ndi amtundu wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda, chifukwa chomwe mtengowo udatchedwa dzina.
Mwachilengedwe, tsitsi la Venus limakonda kukhala m'matanthwe a mitsinje, mitsinje yamapiri ndi matupi ena amadzi. Nthawi yomweyo, pamtunda wocheperako pakati pa miyala, chingwe champhamvu chosakwana mita imodzi chimathandizira chomera kuti chilimbe. Mizu yambiri yopyapyala yothandizidwa imamamatira m'mphepete mwa miyala, kuti mutha kuwona mawonekedwe amtunduwu, monga chithunzi, pamiyeso.
Kusintha kwa mitengo yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa masamba kumayambira kumapeto kwa kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira. Kunyumba, fern yomwe imakulira pang'onopang'ono nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa.
Yaikulu-leaved adiantum (A. Macrophyllum)
Adiantum yayikulu yokhala ndi masamba yomwe ikuwonetsedwa chithunzichi ndi fern osatha wokhala ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 50. Mwachilengedwe, mitunduyi imapezeka mumalo otentha a Central ndi South America. Fern yokhala ndi maluwa okongola a masamba akuluakulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe amatha kupezeka m'misewu, pansi pa milatho ndi m'matumba.
Malo omwe adalipo akhoza kuwindikiridwa ndi magawo a masamba, mmbali mwa malo omwe kudalapo msana kumakhala. Kuphatikiza apo, masamba achichepere a adiantum ali ndi mtundu wa pinki wosawoneka bwino, ndipo masamba akuluakulu okha amatembenukira wobiriwira.
Gawo Adiantum (A. pedatum)
Imodzi mwa mitundu ya ma fern omwe amakhala ndi kukhathamira kwambiri kwa chisanu, komwe kumalola kulima kwa adanthantum m'minda kumwera komanso pakati pa Russia. Masamba amtundu wa adiantumwa ndiwoterera, wobiriwira wowala, wokhala ndi timiyala tating'ono. Kutalika kwa fern wamkulu kumafika pamtunda wa 0.6 metres, ndipo chitsamba chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola a hemispher. Magawo amadzidula m'mphepete mwake, pomwe malo omwe amapezeka spore amapezeka.
Mu nyengo zachilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe cha mphika, ma ferns amtunduwu amakula pang'onopang'ono, koma amakondedwa ndi alimi a maluwa chifukwa chokongoletsa kwambiri komanso kusachita bwino. Chofunikira kwambiri pakukula bwino kwa mtundu uwu wa adiantum ndi dothi lotayirira, kupezeka kwa mthunzi komanso kuthirira kwanzeru.
Chimodzi mwazosangalatsa za fern iyi imadziwika kuti ndi adiantum ya alenticum yokhala ngati phazi.
Malingana ndi kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha adiantum, mitunduyi imasiyana mosiyanasiyana komanso kukula kwa masentimita 30. Kutalika kwa chomera chachikulire ndikokulirapo. Pansipa, fern imachitika chifukwa cha phokoso lalitali kwambiri. Wii wamtundu wobiriwira wonyezimira amakhala pamiyeso yakuda. Amasiya kawiri pinki, ofanana. Masamba a tsamba limodzi amakhala ndi m'mphepete mwa mano ozungulira kapena owoneka bwino.
Adiantum venustum (A. venustum)
Ku Nepal ndi India ku Kashmir, munthu amatha kuwona mtundu wina wa adiantum wokhala ndi obovate, mbali zazitali zamasamba, amtundu wakuda, wofiirira wofiirira komanso kutalika pafupifupi 40 cm.
Mawonedwe a adiantum, monga pachithunzichi, ali ndi zokongoletsa kwambiri ndipo amatha kutumizira onse kukongoletsa mkati, ndikupanga mawonekedwe apadera m'mundamu. Chomera chimagwira ntchito poima. Kuthana ndi chisanu kwambiri kumakupatsani mwayi kuti mukule fern kumwera kwa Russia pamalo otseguka.
Adiantum wopangidwa ndi impso (A. renforme)
Ochita maluwa, akungoyamba kudziwa zamtundu wa adiantum, poyang'ana mawonekedwe a adiantum opangidwa ndi impso, nthawi zambiri samakhulupirira kuti chomera chokhala ndi masamba owoneka ngati kambalala pa petioles ndi fern. Inde, chodabwitsa modabwitsa, koma chodzaza ndi chisomo sichimawoneka ngati tsitsi lodziwika bwino la adiantum Venus kapena mitundu ina yomwe chithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe ake adaperekedwa pamwambapa.
Wopezeka mu mawonekedwe atchire ku Canary Islands, adiantum imapangidwa impso, kutengera mitundu, imafikira masentimita 5-30. Pali mitundu iwiri yazomera izi.
Malinga ndi chithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe, adiantum renforme ndi fern wokulirapo wokhala ndi masamba mpaka masentimita asanu ndi awiri mulifupi ndi petioles a 20 sentimita kutalika. Ndipo ma subsus a pusillum ndi ochepa kawiri.
Komanso, malo omwe mbewu izi zimabzala ndizofanana. Ferns zimapezeka mumchenga pang'ono pamiyala yonyowa pansi pamitengo kapena m'malo otsetsereka m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Adiantum Raddy (A. raddianum)
Kuthengo, adiantum yamtunduwu imatha kuwoneka ku South America. Masamba okwawa a adiantum Ruddy amasiyanitsidwa ndi zigawo zooneka ngati ma wedge, zokongoletsedwa ndi konsekonse. Tizigawo ta pepala salitali kuposa sentimita. Masamba okha ndi okulirapo, mpaka 45 cm. Mitundu yochepetsetsa, yowuma, yofiirira kapena pafupifupi yakuda, monga mitundu ina ya adiantums.
Masiku ano, okonda mkati mwa nyumba ali ndi mitundu ingapo ya adiantum ya Ruddy omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi masamba apadera.
Adiantum Raddy Fragrant (A. raddianum Fragrantissimum)
Mitundu ina yamakono yomwe imakula mwachangu komanso yowoneka bwino Ruddy amapanga korona mpaka theka la mita. Chidutswa cha adiantum chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizika amtunda wama masamba ndi kachulukidwe kotsika pa petioles yakuda kapena ya bulauni.
Adiantum Chilean (A. Chilense)
Adiantum Chilean adatchedwa dziko lochokera. Mwachilengedwe, mbewuyo imafika pamtunda wama 30 cm.
M'dziko lakwathu, mawonekedwe a adiantum omwe ali pachithunzichi amatha kupezeka pamtunda wamamita 2000. Fern amadzimva bwino m'chigwa komanso m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri.
Adiantum aku Chile amalolera bwino nyengo yankhalango yanyontho, pomwe nthawi yopuma imakhala yopanda mwezi umodzi. Mtunduwu wa fern umamera m'malo omwe ndi ouma, pomwe chilala chimatha mpaka miyezi isanu.
Adiantum Ethiopian (A. aethiopicum)
Ngakhale dzinalo, mutha kuwona mwachilengedwe ma adiantum omwe ali pachithunzichi, osati kokha m'mphepete mwa Africa, koma ku Australia ndi New Zealand.
Petioles la masamba ndi lakuda pansi. Pamwamba pa tsamba, amasintha mtundu kukhala utoto wonyezimira. Zigawo ndizotakata, zopingidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake olimba, pafupifupi ozungulira. Mtundu wa amadyera ndi wopepuka. Kutalika konse kwa fern kumafika masentimita 50.
