Momwe mungadyetsere anyezi pa nthenga ndi mpiru feteleza mu April, chilimwe ndi yophukira

Ndiosavuta kubala anyezi paliponse komanso pa nthenga. Omwe alimi ndi olima mundawo saganiza nkomwe za kufunika kopanga feteleza pa mbewuyi, makamaka ngati pali mbewu zina zambiri pachimenechi zomwe zimafunikira kudyetsa. Chikhalidwe chonyalanyaza choterechi chimapereka zipatso zabwino popanda kusinthika mwapadera. Komabe, owerengeka okha panthawi yake komanso mwamphamvu omwe amavala zovala zapamwamba amawonjezera zokolola kawiri.

Kukula anyezi, monga mbewu iliyonse yamasamba, ndikofunikira kupereka kutentha ndi kuwunikira okwanira, madzi pafupipafupi, udzu ku namsongole, komanso kuteteza ku matenda ndi tizirombo. Kubzala anyezi ndi adyo palokha kumakhala chitetezo chabwino cha matenda kwa anansi m'deralo chifukwa cha fungo lawo.

Nkhaniyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosamalira monga kuvala pamwamba. Kodi ndimotani komanso momwe mungadyetsere anyezi kuti mukhale ndi zipatso zazitali, zazikulu komanso zazitali? Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wopangidwa ndi mchere wambiri kapena gwiritsani ntchito njira zina zosavuta pokonzekeretsa feteleza, komanso kutsatira nthawi zonse pakudya.

Momwe mungadyetsere anyezi mukabzala

Kuyika zinthu zofunika mukabzala anyezi ndikuiwala za kuvala pamwamba nyengo yonseyo ndi chisankho chabwino. Finyani supuni ziwiri za superphosphate, supuni 1 yamchere wa potaziyamu ndi chidebe 1 cha humus pamalo amodzi mita imodzi, pangani mizere ndi anyezi wobzala. Humus akhoza m'malo ndi supuni ya ammonium nitrate, ndi mchere wa potaziyamu ndi kapu ya phulusa la nkhuni.

"Kavalidwe" kosavuta kotereku kamakupatsani mwayi wopezera mafuta abwino kwambiri pa nthenga ndi mitu yayikulu ya anyezi.

Momwe mungadyetse anyezi kuti akhale wamkulu komanso nthenga

Kodi ndingadyetse bwanji anyezi kuti nthenga ndi zotembenuzira?

Kuthira feteleza ndi michere ya mineral imachitika katatu pachaka:

1. Poyamba Kubzala kukula cholembera. Amachita izi mu nthawi yophukira, milungu iwiri mutabzala mbewu, gawo lapansi litayamba kukula. Pakadali pano, zokonzekera zokhala ndi nayitrogeni zidzafunika: nitrate, urea, thovu la mullein kapena zitosi za mbalame zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati anyezi atakula nthenga zokha, gwiritsani ntchito nitroammophosk m'malo mwa urea kapena nitrate. Njira yothetsera vutoli idakonzedwa kuchokera kumamwa 1 tbsp a feteleza wa 10 mg wa madzi ndikuthiriridwa pansi pa muzu (1 l wa mphamvu ya mullein, 0,5 l wa chisa chophika cha nkhuku mu ndowa, 200 g wa phulusa la nkhuni utha kuwonjezeredwa ku yankho). Kudyetsa kumachitika pasanathe milungu itatu musanadule cholembera.
2. Chakudya chachiwiri chidzafunika mu mwezi, pa siteji kupangidwa kwa babu. Gwiritsani feteleza pogwiritsa ntchito phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Gwiritsani ntchito potaziyamu monophosphate kapena potaziyamu mchere kuphatikiza superphosphate (timadzilimbitsa malinga ndi malangizo ndi madzi).
3. Gulani chovala chachitatu chapamwamba kwambiri nthawi anyezi kutsanulira. Gwiritsani feteleza zovuta nitroammofosk (1 tbsp pa malita 10 a madzi).
4. Damu la babu litafika masentimita 3-4, ndi nthawi yopanga kuvala pamwamba. Mutha kukwaniritsa kukula kwa mababu akuluakulu ndi superphosphate. Tengani magalamu 40 a superphosphate mu 10 malita a madzi ndi kuthirira bedi. Mukakulitsa anyezi panthaka yachonde, kuvala kotsiriza komaliza kumaloledwa kuti kuchitika.

Momwe mungadyetse

Zophatikiza michere nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe amadzimadzi. Pateni m'madzi oyera, motsogozedwa molingana ndi malingaliro a wopanga. Pogwiritsa ntchito yankho, thirani dothi mozungulira mbewuzo, pewani kuthira madzi pansipa ya mbewuyo. Ngati chilimwe chinali mvula, mutha kugawa feteleza feteleza panthaka, kuchoka pa babu iliyonse masentimita 5-8. Mvula ikadzaza, masulani nthaka ndikuya kuya kwa 5-10 cm.

Momwe mungadyetsere anyezi anthawi yakugwa

Kodi kudyetsa anyezi batun mu kugwa? Mu Seputembala, zovala zapamwamba za anyezi osatha zimapangidwa kuti ziike zakudya kwa nyengo yotsatira. Munthawi imeneyi, feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu amafunikira. Tengani supuni ziwiri za superphosphate ndi supuni 1 yamchere wa potaziyamu, kuwaza pamalo otaya pa 1 sq. M. Pambuyo pake, tsekani feteleza mu dothi, mulch ndi humus kapena organics. "Kovala" kotere kumapangitsa anyezi osatha kuchita bwino nyengo yachisanu ndikupereka zokolola zambiri zamasamba chaka chamawa.

Momwe mungadyetsere anyezi kwa amadyera ndi ma turnips: organic ngati feteleza

Zida zoyipa pokonzekera feteleza wachilengedwe zimaphatikizapo ndowe za nkhuku, manyowa oweta ziweto (nkhumba, ng'ombe, akavalo), kompositi, ndi zina zambiri. Iwo mwamtheradi sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, chifukwa mumangowononga mababu ndi mphamvu ya zinthu.

Momwe mungadyetsere anyezi ndi manyowa ndi ndowe

• Kuti muthandizike kupanga mafuta amadzimadzi ndikupanga anyezi wamkulu, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la kulowetsedwa kwa nkhuku (1 mpaka 20) kapena mullein (1 mpaka 10) ndi madzi.
• Mafuta osokosera okhala ndi mullein kapena ndowa amapezeka akungowagwiritsa: kuwathira madzi kuti aphimbe pamwamba, ndikusiya kuyendayenda kwa masabata awiri. Ndiye kuchepetsa ndi madzi ndikuthirira mabedi.

Feteleza amadzaza dothi ndi nayitrogeni, kotero musakhale akhama pakamagwiritsa ntchito, adyetseni kangapo pamnyengo: pa gawo la kukula kwa nthenga (mu Meyi) komanso pa nthawi yopanga babu (June-Julayi). Kupanda kutero, mababu sangakhwime, sangasungidwe bwino.

Kudyetsa ndi humus kapena kompositi

Wopatsa feteleza wabwino, wotetezeka kwathunthu wa anyezi - humus ku manyowa kapena zowola zanyowa. Tengani chidebe chimodzi cha humus ndikuwaza padziko lapansi kuchokera pamtunda wa 1 sq. Kuvala kosavuta koteroko kumakupatsani anyezi ndi zinthu zofunika nyengo yonseyo, kukonza nthaka, kukopa mawukonde amtunduwu ndikuyambitsa kubweretsanso kwachangu kwa tizilombo tothandiza.

Kudyetsa anyezi ndi udzu wamphamvu ndi udzu kuti mumere zipatso ndikupanga anyezi wamkulu

Udzu womwe udatsalira utatha kubzala malowo umatha kukhala feteleza wabwino wophatikiza ndi nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous. Komanso tengani tchire ndi ma dandelion, gwiritsani ntchito maudzu musanapangidwe mbeu (kupewa kuti mbeu zisamere m'munda), kuwaza bwino.

• Dzazani chidebe chachikulu 1/3 ndi masamba, ndikuthira madzi pamwamba, kuphimba mwamphamvu ndikulole kuti kupatsa kwa masiku 2-3. Mukuvalanso pamwamba pamodzimodzi, mutha kuwonjezera phulusa kuchokera pang'onopang'ono malita atatu a phulusa mpaka malita 10 a madzi. Kukhalapo kwa phulusa kumapereka anyezi ndi chinthu chofunikira monga potaziyamu.
• Ndiye kutenga 1 lita imodzi kulowetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi ndi kuthirira anyezi mabedi.

Mavalidwe apamwamba oterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito masika komanso mu June-Julayi, ndipo mababu atayamba kutsanulira, ziyenera kuyimitsidwa: zinthu za nayitrogeni momwemo zingasokoneze kwambiri kusunga kwa mababu.

Momwe mungadyetsere anyezi ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Anyezi woyipa kuposa kudyetsa kukula

Kuphatikiza pa ma feteleza ovuta a mineral kapena zolengedwa zodziwika bwino, alimi ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza osagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku onse. Mavalidwe abwino a yisiti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yolimbikitsira, ndipo yankho la ammonia limakupatsani mwayi woti mupatse nitrogen yokwanira kukula kwa nthenga.

Momwe mungadyetsere anyezi kuti asatembenuke chikasu

Pamene anyezi atembenuka chikasu, madzi ndi kudyetsa bwanji? Masamba a nthenga amatuluka ndi kuchepa kwa nayitrogeni. Kuwongolera vutoli kungathandize mankhwalawa mabedi ndi yankho la ammonia.

Mu malita 10 amadzi, supuni supuni zitatu za mankhwalawa ndikuthirira. Pewani kulowetsa madzi pamasamba, ngati izi zachitika, muzimutsuka bwino ndi madzi otentha pogwiritsa ntchito kuthilira ndi siponji. Kudyetsa kumachitika bwino madzulo dzuwa litalowa.

Njira yodyetsayi ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake, kukonzekera mosavuta ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Kuthirira ndi yankho la ammonia sikungangokhala feteleza wabwino pachomera, komanso kumatiteteza ku mavuto enieni - tizilombo ta anyezi.

Timadyetsa anyezi ndi yisiti kuti mulipate wamkulu

Mavalidwe abwino a yisiti amatha kulimbikitsa kukula kwa gawo lobisika (babu lalikulu limathiridwa). Choipa cha fetelezayu ndikuti malo ofunda amafunika kuti agwire bwino ntchito, nthaka iyenera kutenthetsedwa.

Pokonzekera chovala chapamwamba, yisiti yaiwisi yonse ndi yisiti yofulumira yogwiritsiridwa ntchito: