Snapdragon (Antirrhinum) kapena antirrinum ndi maluwa am'banja la plantain, mtundu wa udzu. Kuyambira ndili mwana, timadziwa duwa lotchedwa "galu", chifukwa maluwa ake anali ngati pakamwa pa galu, kapena chinjoka, choncho Chingerezi amachitcha "" chithunzithunzi ", achi French adalumikiza maluwa ndi kamwa la nkhandwe, ndipo anthu aku Ukraine adakhala ndi" kamwa "kofatsa.
Ngakhale potanthauzira kuchokera ku Latin "antirrinum" ndikofanizira ndi mbali ina ya nkhope - "ngati mphuno", "yofanana ndi mphuno." Monga akunenera, aliyense ali ndi malingaliro awo.
Mwa njira, dzina "Snapdragon" latchulidwa mu nthano yama Greek. Hercules wotchuka atagonjetsa mkango wamphamvu wa Nemean ndikubweretsa pakhungu la Tsar Euphrate, sanafune kumuyang'ana. Hercules adazolowera kuvala khungu ngati mvula, ndipo khungu lidali kumutu, pakamwa pake padatseguka ndipo amawoneka wowopsa. Mulungu wamkazi Flora adasilira kulimba mtima kwa Hercules ndikumupatsa duwa, lofanana ndendende ndi kamwa iyi. Monga mukudziwa, duwa amatchedwa "Snapdragon".
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, pakhala pali mwambo ku Greece: ngwazi ndi opambana adzapikiridwa ndi maluwa.
Pitani patsogolo kwambiri kuchokera zakale. North America imadziwika kuti ndi malo obadwira antirrinum, pomwe mitundu makumi asanu azomera ndi onunkhira kuthengo. Ku Europe, mtundu umodzi watenga mizu - antirrinum yayikulu. Kuyambira 1567, obereketsa aku Germany adayamba kupanga mitundu yatsopano pamaziko ake. Masiku ano, pali mitundu yoposa chikwi (!) Yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya snapdragons, yosiyana kutalika, mtundu, ndi kukula kwa maluwa.
Kukula mbande za antirrinum kuchokera kumbewu
Mbande za Antirrinum
M'madera akumwera ambiri, snapdragons angabzalidwe mwachindunji m'nthaka ndikuyamba kutentha. Pasanathe milungu itatu, mbewuzo zimamera. Chomera chimapulumuka modekha kuziziritsa pang'ono. Koma m'malo omwe madzi oundana amakhala ponseponse, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yokomera, yomwe ndi malo wamba alimi.
Kudzala kwa Antirrinum ndi chithunzi
Kodi antirrinum imayamba bwanji kunyumba? Kukula snapdragons mu mmera ndikosavuta. Mufunika chidebe chathyathyathya cha mbande, mchenga, kompositi lapansi, galasi ndi botolo lopopera.
Ine ndatsala pang'ono kuyiwala, mbewu zowonjezereka za antirrinum
Ndikwabwino kuchita izi kuyambira pa Marichi 1 mpaka Marichi 20. Mchenga umathiridwa mumtsuko wokhala ndi mabowo okuchingira, kenako dothi lamakomalo lomwe limaphatikizidwa ndi mchenga womwewo umakopulidwa, kukanikizidwa, kunyowetsedwa ndi botolo lothira. Popeza njerezo ndizochepa kwambiri, timazisakaniza ndi mchenga, kuzigawira pamtunda, kuziwaza ndi chisakanizo chamchenga ndi kompositi pamtundu wochepa thupi, kuzikonzanso.
Pali njira yofesa mbewu mu chisanu chomwe chimachokera mumsewu. Matalala amasungunuka ndikukoka mbewuzo mwakuya, mozama kwambiri kwaiwo. Wophimbidwa ndi galasi komanso malo otentha (+ 23˚). Tsiku lililonse timachotsa mpweya m'makilowo, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, timanyowetsa nthaka. Pakatha milungu iwiri, mphukira zoyambirira ziziwoneka, tsopano tifunika kusunthira mumthunzi pang'ono kuti zikumera zisatambasule. Masiku 3-4 ndi kutenga kapu.
Chithunzi cha Antirrinum twinni terry seedry
Poyamba, pang'onopang'ono mbewu zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, moyenera ziyenera kusungidwa kuti antirrinum ochokera ku mbewu asamalidwe bwino:
- kuti dothi lonyowa, koma osasefukira, apo ayi pali ngozi yakuwoneka ngati "mwendo wakuda". Ngati mmera wagwa, chotsani pang'onopang'ono ndi ma pulositi ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, ndikonkha pamalopo ndi malasha ophwanyidwa (kuti muthe mankhwala). Mutha kusewera motetezedwa: ufeze mbande ndi yofooka yankho la phytosporin (madontho 10 pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Pambuyo pakuwoneka masamba awiri enieni - ndi nthawi yoyimbira.
- Pakujambulira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapoto amodzi kapena chidebe wamba cha mbande (sankhani nokha, muyenera kuyiyika pazenera, ngati, ngati muli ndi wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye kuti tikuyenda)). Timagwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo chopepuka cha peat yopanda asidi komanso nthaka ya sod (1: 2). Pambuyo pa sabata, timathira ndi feteleza wovuta malinga ndi malangizo.
Kufesa mbande za antirrinum:
Kanema momwe mungayendetsere antirrinum:
Pang'onopang'ono muzolowera mbande zachilengedwe : tsegulani zenera, sinthani kukhonde, ingopewani zolemba zazitali. Mwakutero, mbande zolimba sizikugwiranso matenda aliwonse.
Tikuonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo isatambasule, chifukwa timatsina pakati pa masamba 4-5 (onetsetsani kuti masamba otsalawo akuwoneka kunja, ndiye kuti nthambi zituluka, osati mkati mwa chitsamba), ngati nthambi zam'mbali zikukula kwambiri, timazitsina.
Tikugulitsa antirrinum poyera
Mbande zamphamvu ndi zokulira zimabzalidwe kosaloledwa kumapeto kwa mvula. Kuzirala pang'ono sikungawavulaze, mbande ngakhale zimalekerera kuzizira kwakanthawi kwa -3˚. Dothi lopepuka ndilofunikira, mosakanika ndi mchenga, kompositi ndi peat, pH 6-8. Mutha kusankha malo dzuwa ndi lokhali osati kwenikweni, chinthu chachikulu sichiri chofufumitsa.
Mitundu yayikulu imabzalidwa pamtunda wa 40 - 50 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, otsika - mtunda wa 30 cm, undersized - 20 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, komanso wamtali - pamtunda wa 15 cm mu dothi lonyowa kwambiri. Tikukumbukira kuti akangofa 'ndikadwala' ndikasinthika, anyezi wazaka zambiri adzatalika komanso kutalika, ndikusanduka chitsamba chokongola.
Ndi antirrinum uti amene amakonda kuchoka?
Mapulogalamu a Antirrinum mapesi a f1 Antirrhinum nanum Twinny Peach F1 Zosakanizidwa
Snapdragon ndi chomera chosasangalatsa. Ingotungani madzi, mumasuleni ndikusankha namsongole pa nthawi. Duwa limalima dothi la antirrinum pafupifupi dothi lililonse, koma zoona, dothi lopepuka lomwe lili ndi zochulukirapo za feteleza wachilengedwe ndi zinthu zina ndizofunikira.
Ngakhale ndikofunikira kuthirira kokha munthawi yowuma, musamamwe madzi usiku, ndipo m'mawa, tsiku litatha kuthirira, ndikofunikira kumasula dothi. M'nyengo yotentha, mmera umatha kuphuka masamba kuposa maluwa, kotero chilala sichimawoneka ngati maluwa. Zomera zazitali kuti zithandizire, ndibwino kuti muthe kumera maluwa ofota, kotero mbewuyo singawagwiritsepo ntchito ndipo mudzawoneka bwino pabedi lanu.
Kuti tikwaniritse maluwa ...
musalole kuti mbewu zitheke, timachotsa maluwa nthawi yomweyo maluwa, kudula pansi pa duwa laling'ono, ndiye kuti snapdragons adzayambitsa mivi yatsopano ndikupitilira maluwa.
Manyowa snapdragon ndi zofunika kangapo: Choyamba - atangozika mizu ndi nitrophosic ndi organic kanthu. Pamaso budding, timadyetsanso kachiwiri ndi yankho la urea, potaziyamu sulphate ndi superphosphate. Supuni imodzi yokha ya chinthu chilichonse chidebe chokwanira.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti snapdragons sinakhazikike bwino dothi kapena dothi louma, motero mitundu yayitali siyenera kubzalidwe pamenepo.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Antirrinum f1 terry Antirrhinum terry
Septospirosis - matenda a fungal omwe amadziwoneka ngati mawanga a bulauni pamasamba, ndikugonjetsedwa kwambiri - kupindika kwa mphukira, kufa kwa mbewu. Zimachitika ndi chinyezi chachikulu, mpweya wokwanira. Amasungidwa pamtundu wa zinyalala. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo, yeretsani bwino ziwalo zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka kapena chomera chonse ndikuwotcha, utsi wamalirowo ndi maluwa okonzekereratu.
Gray zowola - Bowa wa botritis ndiwopatsa mphamvu, chifukwa chake amasuntha kuchoka pamtengo wina kupita pa wina. Kugonjetsedwa kumawonetsedwa ndi mawanga a bulauni pamasamba, komanso ndi zotupa zowopsa - kuphatikiza kwa ufa wa imvi. Mikhalidwe yabwino imaphatikizira chinyezi chowonjezera komanso mpweya wabwino, komanso kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni.
Zovunda ndi matenda oyamba ndikusokoneza mizu. Mukuwoneka kuti chomera sichokwanira madzi. Kuthirira mbewu zodwala kumangokulitsa zinthu. Choyamba, onetsetsani kuti mizu yanu ndi yabwino komanso nthaka ndi youma (tikukumba 15 cm). Ngati mizu ya mbewuyo ili yofewa ndi fungo losasangalatsa - izi ndi zowola mizu. Cholinga ndikukutunga madzi, kachilombo ka manyowa, kubzala mobwerezabwereza m'nthaka yodwala.
Njira yolimbirana ndikuchotsa mbewuzo pamodzi ndi mtanda wa dziko. Itha kuthandizidwa ndi fungicide. Chofunika kwambiri kuchokera ku mliriwu - palibe chinyezi, kutulutsa, kupumula kwa nthaka.
Ngati matendawa afowoka, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa ndi Bordeaux madzi kapena Topaz. Ndi wolimba kwambiri - Acrobat MC, Ordan ...
Tizilombo: tizilombo tambiri, mbozi, mphutsi zouluka, agulugufe omwe amayala mphutsi
Chachikulu chachikulu maluwa antirrinum
Pali mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tambiri tambiri tambiri, timakhudzana ndi zipatso ndi zokongoletsera. Zomera zimadyera pa msuzi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka ndi kufa kwa tsamba. Tizilombo timene timagwira tinthu timene timayamwa, komwe kumayambitsa bowa, komwe kumapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ithetse pang'onopang'ono. Ma scaffold adaphimbidwa ndi mtanda wowotchera, motero, njira za wowerengeka zimalimbana nawo zovuta: muyenera kupaka tizilombo tokha ndi mowa, sopo kapena sopo palafini. Ngati matendawa ali oopsa, ndiye kuti timagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala limodzi ndi sabata - Admiral, CE, Aktara, Aktelik ...
Ndiosavuta kuthana ndi mbozi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala ochepa (amapezeka kuti ali bwino m'munda ndi m'munda), motero sonkhanitsani pamanja. Ngati zilipo zochulukirapo, ndiye kuti mutha kuthira mankhwala a karbofos, mwachitsanzo, kapena tizilombo tina.
Kuti snapdragon akhale wathanzi, njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa:
- Osabzala mbewu pafupi kwambiri;
- madzi pansi pazu, osati masamba;
- chotsani namsongole;
- Chotsani anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo nthawi yake.
Zoyenera kuchita pambuyo maluwa?
Antirrinum yayikulu
Choyambirira chomwe ndikufuna kudziwa ndichakuti mutha kukumba mbewu zomwe mumakonda mosamala ndikuziika ndikuyika maluwa. Ngati mungasamale ndikusunga kutentha kwambiri osapitirira 15˚, ndiye kuti zigolowe zimamasuka nthawi yonse yozizira.
Ngati mukufuna kudzala ndi mankhwala osatha obisalamo, ndiye kuti dulani mbewuyo ndikusiya masentimita 5-8 pamwamba pa nthaka, ndikuphimba zotsalira za mulch kuti mbewuyo izitha kugwiranso ntchito mosavuta.
Ngati snapdragons ndi pachaka, ndiye kuti kudziyesa nokha kuyenera kupewedwa ndikudula mivi yakufa, ndiye chotsani zotsalira za mbewu, kuziwotcha kuti muwononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizirombo, ndikukumba malowa.
Snapdragon imatha kubereketsa komanso kudzilimitsa. Zikuwonekeratu kuti maulendo angapo othamanga ayenera kusungidwa, njere zimacha zokha ndikufesedwa pamabokosi, ndipo mchaka chidzaphuka. Ingoyikani malo pomwe panali snapdragon, kuti nthawi ya masika musachotse mwangozi mphukira.
Pakakhala kufunika kwa mitundu ya mitundu yomwe mumasankha, tidzatero. Siyani mivi mutatuluka maluwa ndikusonkhanitsa gawo loti lipsa. Mukufuna thumba lalitali lalitali, mutha kupita nalo kudipatimenti ya buledi - kwa baguette. Mabokosi akucha heterogeniblely - kuchokera pansi mpaka m'mwamba. Tidula pamwamba pamtunda wobiriwira, ndikuyika chikwama pa chikolo ndikuchimangirira pansi pa bokosi lomaliza la mbewu, ndikudula ndikumangirira ndi dzenje. M'thumba, mbewu zimacha ndikugona m'thumba. Mbewu zimatha kugwira ntchito mpaka zaka zitatu, zimasungidwa pa kutentha kwa 3-5 ° C m'malo owuma.
Kufotokozera kwa chomera Snapdragon kapena Antirrinum
Chithunzi cha Antirrinum
Duwa la antirrinum snapdragon ndi chomera chamtundu wa herbaceous, nthawi zina chimakhala chachithunzi cha piramidi. Kutengera mitundu, kutalika kumayambira 15cm mpaka 1,3 m. Nthambi ndizopondera, zopendekera pang'ono, ndikukwera. Tsamba limatenga mtundu kuchokera pakuwala mpaka kubiriwira kwakuda ndi mitsempha yofiira. Ndi utoto wa masamba, mutha kudziwa mtundu womwe maluwo adzakhale. Masamba amakhala obiriwira mwachikasu, ngati pali mitsempha ya lalanje - lalanje, chifukwa masamba akuda okhala ndi mitsempha yofiyira amakhala ofunikira a maluwa. Mawonekedwe a tsamba limatsika kapena lanceolate.
Maluwa osakhazikika bwino, amilomo iwiri, kuyerekeza ndi mbewu - yayikulu, ndi yosavuta komanso iwiri. Mitundu yoyera ndi yoyera, yachikaso, yapinki, mithunzi yonse yofiira, pamakhala maluwa amitundu iwiri komanso maluwa atatu. Mitundu yamaluwa a lilac buluu ("F1 Rocket Orhid") idayamba kale. Mbewu zimacha m'mabokosi amakalata awiri, ochepa kwambiri - 5000-8000 zidutswa pa gramu. Khungubwe limayamba kutulutsa mu June ndipo limapitilira mpaka chisanu.
Antirrinum ndi mbewu yosatha, koma m'dziko lathu nthawi zambiri imalimidwa ngati pachaka, ngakhale mutayesera zonse zachilengedwe ndipo zimamera chaka chamawa ndipo zimaphuka kuposa kale.
Snapdragon imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chake imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbewu yopindika (mitundu yotsika pang'ono), mmalo mwake, mitundu yayitali kwambiri - monga zilumba zowala pazomera zina zoyala. Chochititsa chidwi, chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati duwa lopambana pakukula mumipando yamaluwa yokongoletsa zazingwe, masitepe, makonde.
Mitundu, mitundu ya antirrinum
Kulimidwa kwa mbewu zambiri za Antirrinum
Ganizirani magawo a kutalika kwa mbewu:
Wamtali - kutalika kwa 9-130 cm, mphukira wapakati ndikutalika kwambiri kuposa mphukira za gawo lachiwiri, ndipo lachitatu kulibe.
Mitundu ndi ma hybrids:
- Arthur - Cherry;
- F1 "Goshenka" - lalanje;
- F2 ndi pinki.
Pamwamba - Yoyenera kudula, kupanga mabedi a maluwa ogwetsa m'malire ndi malire, kutalika kwa 60 -90 cm. Wodula snapdragon amatha kuyimilira mu vase kuyambira sabata mpaka awiri, mitundu yotchuka yachikasu.
- Anna German - pinki yopepuka;
- Canary - mandimu achikasu;
- Madame Gulugufe - Terry.
Yapakatikati - mitundu yamitundu yonse ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 40-60. Mphukira zonse zimakhala zazitali kutalika, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mabedi a maluwa ndikudula. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Golden Monarch - zachikaso zachikaso;
- Ruby - pinki wolemera;
- Lipstick siliva - yoyera ndi pinki.
Otsika - imalumikizana kuyambira 25 mpaka 40 cm, imamera ngati chitsamba, mphukira zambiri za lachiwiri komanso lachitatu.
Mitundu yotchuka ya antirrinum:
Ampel antirrinum choyatsira f1
- Crimson Velvet - 35 cm, masamba owala, maluwa akuda,
velvet ofiira, osiyanasiyana mochedwa; - Schneeflocke - ozungulira yaying'ono chitsamba, 25-35 masentimita
wamtali ndi nthawi yachangu kuchokera kufesa mpaka maluwa. - Lampion - ampel.
- wamtali (15-20 cm), tchire lophukira kwambiri. Mphukira zambiri za dongosolo lachitatu ndi lachinayi. - Zamaluwa - mithunzi 13 yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi mawu awiri. Kufalikira ngati mbewu yamphika.
- Chobera ndi mitundu yotchuka kwambiri, yotalika masentimita 15. Ngati muwombera mphukira pakapita nthawi, mudzapeza chitsamba chabwino.
- Tom-Tumb - maluwa achikasu, mitundu yoyambirira;
- Mtundu wa Sakura ndi loyera.
Pali magulu ena a snapdragons. Ngati mukufuna kukula antirrinum pazamalonda, mudzakhala ndi chidwi ndi gulu la Sanderson ndi Martin. Dulani, snapdragon amawoneka wodabwitsa.
