Kulima dimba kumaphatikiza njira zoletsa tizilombo. M'malo opsinjika, ngakhale kasinthasintha wa mbewu samapulumutsa. Chifukwa chake, tizirombo ta mbewu zopachika nthawi imodzi zimavulaza malungo. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timaberekera zipatso timadzaza masamba a beets, ngati sanakonzekere pa nthawi yake. Mlimi aliyense amafunika kudziwa tizirombo tokhala ndi njuchi komanso momwe mungazilamulire.
Njira zopewera
Pamaso kufesa beets, kukonzekera dothi kumachitika. Ngati makoswe kapena ndulu zadothi ndi zimbalangondo zikupezeka pamalowo, ndizowopseza zobiriwira zilizonse. Chifukwa chake, njira zonse zowongolera cholinga chake ndikuchotsa alendo osakhudzidwa pamalowo. Ndikwabwino ngati kutulutsidwa kumachitika ngakhale musanafesere mbewu. Kuti muchite izi, misampha ndi kufukula kwa zimbalangondo za chimbalangondo, nyambo yapoizoni, kusefukira kwa mayendedwe opangidwa ndi timadontho ndi zimbalangondo mumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngati mbewa zachabechabe pamalopo, funso loti ndani amene amatchetcha beets m'mundawo limasankhidwa mopanda chidwi. Muyenera kupeza zovala, ndipo mbewa zimachoka.
Kuphatikiza apo, pali osaka okwanira kudya zakudya zabwino ndi mizu. Koma ngati m'dzinja poti chiwembucho chatsukidwa ndi zinyalala za mbewu, palibe malo omwe mbewa zimatha kudya nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti pali chitsimikizo kuti makoswewo sanakhazikike. Kuchepetsa tizirombo tina padziko lapansi:
- kukumba kwambiri nthaka mu kugwa komanso kasupe;
- anayika misampha ndi nyambo za chimbalangondo ndi waya;
- kukonkha mabowo ndi mbande za beets ndi phulusa, fumbi la fodya, mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- zomwe zili pabedi ndi zoyera kuchokera kumadontho ndi munthaka yophatikizidwa ndi dothi lapansi.
Kukumba dothi kumawononga tizirombo. Nthawi yomweyo, wireworm ikupita. Ndi bwino kukumba m'dzinja musanayambe kuzizira kuti muwononge tizirombo topezeka chonde.
Phulusa ndi feteleza wa beets pamagawo onse a kukula kwake, koma sililola utitiri wa beet ndi slgs pabedi. Namsongole ndi mbande zanthete zoyambira, zomwe zimasunthidwa kuti zikulidwe.
Beet tizirombo ndi kuwongolera
Pofuna kumenya nkhondo, muyenera kudziwa mdani. Mwa tizilombo ndi matenda ambiri, zovulaza ndi zofala kwambiri zimatha kusiyanitsidwa. Zithunzi za matendawa ndi tizilombo tambiri tithandizire kudziwa matendawo.
Chikumbu
Kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe mbewu zachinyamata, kafadala wachikulire ndi zovulaza, zomwe zimadya masamba ndikukula. Khungubwi ndi zobiriwira zakuda ndi sheen wa peyala. Ndi yaying'ono, pafupifupi mamilimita awiri, mphutsi zazing'ono zomwezo. Mutha kuthana nawo mothandizidwa ndi phulusa la phulusa ndi Intavira.
Medvedka
Tizilombo choyipa ndi khansa yaimbalangondo kapena yodutsa. Ichi ndi kachilomboka 50 mm kutalika. Amakhala pansi, nyengo yotentha, yopanda chisanu. Chimbalangondocho chimapanga zisa ndi kuyikira mazira. Mphutsi sizimayambitsa vuto lililonse, kwinakukukuta mizu ya mbewu. Zoti nthomba izi zidawonekera m'mundamu zitha kuweruzidwa ndi njira ya zomera zopopera ndi ma mbewa pansi.
Nematode
Tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono ndi nematode, nyongolotsi yomwe imakhala m'nthaka ndipo imavulala kwambiri pakudya mizu ndikuyala zipatso. Pamene nematode ikhazikika, mmera umakula ndikufa. Mutha kulimbana ndi tizilombo mothandizidwa ndi kufalikira kwa nyundo ya zobiriwira zobiriwira - mpiru, wogwirira. Poterepa, nematode amakwawa kupita ku mbewu, zomwe kenako zimatulutsa ndikulima pansi kwambiri. Izi zimawononga kwambiri tizilombo.
Kuuluka kwa Beet
Imodzi mwa tizirombo tambiri. Ngati chikumbuchi chasiya kufota, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mkati, mphutsizo zikuwonekera komanso zikuwoneka ngati mbozi. Mutha kuchotsa tizilombo posankha masamba ndi tizirombo, ndikusintha kubzala ndi tizirombo. Dziko lapansi liyenera kumasulidwa ndikuthiridwa ndi yankho la phulusa. Ntchentche imakhala pa udzu womera ndipo imasunthira mbewu zokulidwa.
Beet cholakwika
Tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa mbewu timawonongeka. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono tokha, mamilimita atatu okha timadya mpaka kasanu kulemera kwake patsiku. Imachulukana mwachangu ndipo imasiyidwa ndi kachilombo. Ngati simukulimbana ndi tizilombo, mbewuyo idzafa. Ndiponso, choyambitsa kufalikira kwa kachilombo ndi udzu wa udzu womwe udalidwa.
Migodi ya moth
Gulugufe wamtundu wa bulawuni yemwe akutuluka pakati pa mbewu sizibweretsa nkhawa pakati pa anthu okhala chilimwe. Koma izi ndizipodi zoyipa, migodi ya njenjete. Amayikira mazira pachidutswa cha masamba a mabulosi, ndipo mbozi zazing'ono zimalowa kwambiri mu chipatsocho ndikudutsa malembawo. Tizilombo timeneti timawononga mitundu yonse ya ma beets. Akufa. Ngati njenjete ya mgodi yaoneka, ndiye mukakolola, muyenera kuchotsa nsongazo ndikuthira pansi ndi mankhwala.
Phomosis ndi cercosporosis ya muzu mbewu
Matenda a beet amakhala ndi matenda opatsirana komanso azamoyo. Kusintha kwachilengedwe mu chomera chifukwa cha kusowa kwa michere kapena kusakwanira kwake. Phomosis ya muzu mbewu ndi masamba osowa boron m'nthaka atha kukhala matenda. Kuchokera pamenepa, mbewu zopanda pake zimapangidwa.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira za revosis zidzakhala kusintha kwa tsamba. Ndi malo owala ndi madontho amdima pakati.
Cercosporosis ya masamba a beetroot imayamba kukula kwake ndi chinyezi chambiri kapena mvula yayitali.
Kuphatikiza apo, beets imakhudzidwa ndi zowola zosiyanasiyana, powdery mildew ndi beet mizu. Zonsezi zimatuluka mosamalidwa bwino ndi mbeu.
