Ficus ndi maluwa apadera, chifukwa mosiyana ndi mbewu zina zamkati, chimamera chokha. Sikuti aliyense wobzala sangasangalale ndi izi. Zowonadi, pamenepa, muyenera kupatula pafupipafupi kuti mupeze fikayi mawonekedwe oyenera. Komabe, ntchitoyi ndi yoposa mphamvu ya aliyense, chifukwa ndi ochepa okha omwe amadziwa kudula ficus.
Zomera
Mmodzi mwa olemekezeka otchuka a banja la mabulosi ndi Ruby ficus, womwe umakonda kutchedwa ficus genus. Kukhazikika kwazomerazi ndi India, komanso kumwera gawo la Indonesia ndi kumadzulo kwa Africa. M'mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yozama kwambiri, duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera. Komabe, imayamikiridwa osati chifukwa cha kukopa kwake, chifukwa mitundu ikuluikulu ya fikayi imakhala ngati yaiwisi popanga mphira.
Mapiri omwe amakula pansi pamikhalidwe yachilengedwe amakhala owoneka bwino, omwe amatha kupitirira 40 m kutalika. Komanso, nthawi zambiri amapanga mizu-mizu. Izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndikuti zimalowa pansi kwambiri, pomwe zimazika mizu. Rikisi ya mphira yobiriwira kunyumba imakhala yaying'ono, chifukwa nthawi zambiri imafikira mpaka mamita 10. Pambuyo pa kudulira komwe kumakonzedwa, mitunduyi imayamba kuwoneka yaying'ono.
Zothandiza katundu
Rubber ficus ndi yosangalatsa kwa ambiri osati chifukwa chokongoletsera, chifukwa mukakula m'nyumba, mutha khalani athanzi. Mafuta oyeretsera amaperekedwa ndi masamba omwe amatulutsa mpweya, ngati chitoliro. Chifukwa cha kusefedwa kotere, mpweya wolemera umapezekanso m'malo opezekamo.
Ambiri olima mbewu amakopeka ndi raby ficus komanso kuti sizimayambitsa mavuto posamalira. Zitsanzo zakubzala zapakhomo sizipanga maluwa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, amafunikira kukula pamikhalidwe. Chofunikira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo yatetezedwa ndi dzuwa, komanso kutsilira pafupipafupi ndikusintha nthawi yake kuti isambe.
Ficus Kukula kwa Zamoyo
Rubber ficus ikhoza kupatsidwa mawonekedwe aliwonse. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kungokonzanso bwino. Chifukwa cha opaleshoni iyi, kuchokera ku chomera cha nondescript, mutha kulandira zokongoletsera zapakhomo. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale woyambitsa kumene amatha kudziwa ntchitoyi, koma choyamba muyenera kudziwa bwino malamulo odulira ndikumawamatira.
Kusintha kwa faci wa Benjamini kumachitika chifukwa cha mphukira zatsopano, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawoneka kuchokera ku impso. Ficus ali ndi awiri okha mwa awa:
- apical (yomwe ili kumtunda kwenikweni kwa chitsamba);
- ofananira nawo, kapena axillary (yomwe ili mu axils yamasamba, pomwe masamba petioles ali pafupi ndi thunthu).
Impso ya apical imawonetsa kukula kofulumira kwambiri, patsogolo pa izi zotengera izi, zomwe zimayamba pang'onopang'ono kapena osawonetsa zizindikilo zakutukuka konse. Ndikokwanira kuchotsa impso yapamwamba kuti impso zoyambira ziyambe kukula bwino. Nthawi zambiri mphukira zimayamba kukula mbali zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha kuwongolera kotere, mmera umayamba kusintha korona wake.
Kodi chepetsa ficus?
Asanayambe kupanga korona, sizimapweteka kudziwa kuti ndi nthawi yanji chaka chofunikira kuchita izi.
Anthu ambiri amaganiza choncho ndibwino kuchititsa mwambowu kumapeto kwa chakandipo adzakhala olondola. Kapangidwe kolona wokonzedwa nthawi ino ya chaka kumalola kuti mbewuyo ipatsidwe zokongola kwambiri, chifukwa ndi nthawi yophukira yomwe nyengo yabwino kwambiri imapangira faci. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yofananayo, wofesayo amatha kukulitsa ficus wa Benjamini, yomwe idzapangidwe bwino, ikakhala ndi mphukira kwathunthu mbali zonse.
Kuchepetsa kudulira ficus ya Benjamini mtsogolo, mwachitsanzo, nthawi yophukira kapena yozizira, sikofunikira, chifukwa pamenepa mphukira zimayamba kudera linalake. Izi zipangitsa kuti ficus aziwoneka wonyozeka. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthawi iyi yachaka imayamba gwiritsani ntchito micherekuti anadziunjikira mu mphukira. Chifukwa chodulira masamba mu kugwa, mudzasiya fikis wa Benjamini wopanda masitoko, ndikuwononga kupulumuka kwake.
Panthawi yopanga korona, ndikofunikira kuti musangosintha kutalika kwa mphukira, komanso kusintha komwe kukuwonjezereka. Pachifukwa ichi, zida zapadera zazokhumudwitsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kukula popanda kudula
Osathamangira kukadula mphira ficus. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kuganizira ngati pali chosowa chofunikira pa izi. Palinso njira yosavuta yopangira korona, yomwe imaphatikizapo kusintha kolowera ndikukonza mphukira zofunika. Njira iyi pakupangidwira korona imalola kuchepetsa kuvulala kwa mbewu zomwe zimatha kupitilira, kusangalatsa mwiniyo ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Pambuyo podikirira kwakanthawi kuti nthambi zizitha kutenga malo atsopano, zida zokhoma zimachotsedwa.
Mukamabzala, muyenera muziganizira zaka zam'mera. Zomwe zimavulaza pang'ono ntchitoyi zimabweretsa tchire tating'ono. Muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mbeu zachikulire: popeza mphukira zake sizisintha kwambiri, kufupikitsa kwawo ndi zina zina zofananira zitha kuvulaza mbewuyo.
Ficus ruby: kupanga korona molondola?
Malamulo pansipa adapangira tchire la ficus limodzikupanga mu thunthu limodzi.
Ndikofunikira kudula kokha mbewu zomwe kutalika kwake ndi 70 cm. Nthawi iyi ikafika, ndikofunikira kudula phesi lakumtunda. Zotsatira zake, limagwirira kupanga mapangidwe ofananira nawo mphukira. M'malo mwake, zodulidwa zimatha kukhala zothandiza ngati zibzalidwe pafupi ndi chomera cha mayi. Kuphatikiza kofananako kumapereka mawonekedwe kutchire latsopano.- Nthawi zina muyenera kuthana ndi kapangidwe ka korona wa mbewu zomwe zimamera pang'ono. Pankhaniyi, sikofunikira kuti muchepetse, mutha kudziletsa pakukhazikika kwa korona. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pambuyo pa opareshoni iyi, nyongolosi imodzi yokha imadzakula kuchokera pamenepa.
- Mutha kuyamba njira yopanga mphukira zam'mbali zatsopano pomanga mutu. Pambuyo pake, mutu wa mutu uyenera kukhazikika m'malo atsopano. Pambuyo podikirira kwakanthawi pomwe mphukira zatsopano zimayamba kupanga kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba, thunthu limabwezeretsedwa momwe limakhalira.
- Kuti muyambe kupanga nthambi zowonjezera, mutha kuchita izi: muyenera kutenga singano yayikulu ndikupanga dzenje mumtengo waukulu ndi kuzama kwa gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a thunthu. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kupanga ma punctenti angapo, koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti mphukira zatsopano zokha ndizomwe zimapangika kuchokera kutsika kwambiri. Pazifukwa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti ayambe kugwira ntchitoyi kuchokera kumwamba.
- Muthachotsanso nthambi yopyapyala mwa kudula mwachindunji. Mwanjira ina yosiyanasiyana muyenera kuchita mogwirizana ndi mphukira zakuda, zomwe zimadulidwa pakona.
- Kuchepetsa kumatha kuchitika kokha ndi zida zosalimba, zomwe zimayenera kukhala ndi tsamba lakuthwa. Kuwongoletsa chida musanachitike njirayi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopezekera monga moto ndi mowa wamankhwala.
- Mukadulira, madzi amadzimadzi pachilonda nthawi zambiri amawonekera, amayenera kuchotsedwa. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi nsalu yonyowa. Sikoyenera kuchitira malo odulidwawo pokonzekera mwapadera.
- Pakatha mwezi umodzi kuchokera tsiku lomwe mumatulira, muyenera kuyamba kudyetsa fikayo. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti njirayi ikafunika mbuto yofunika kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira kudula kokha mbewu zomwe kutalika kwake ndi 70 cm. Nthawi iyi ikafika, ndikofunikira kudula phesi lakumtunda. Zotsatira zake, limagwirira kupanga mapangidwe ofananira nawo mphukira. M'malo mwake, zodulidwa zimatha kukhala zothandiza ngati zibzalidwe pafupi ndi chomera cha mayi. Kuphatikiza kofananako kumapereka mawonekedwe kutchire latsopano.Mwambiri, kudula mphira ficus ndi ntchito yosavuta. Chachikulu ndikuti muyenera kutsatira malamulo onse kuti akwaniritse. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukhala mosamala ndi madzi amkaka, zomwe ndizowopsa kwa anthu chifukwa cha kawopsedwe ake. Popewa zovuta zosagwiritsidwa ntchito, ntchitoyi iyenera kuchitika ndi magolovesi oteteza.
Kupanga korona kwachilendo
Ngati ndi kotheka, ngakhale novice chomera wobzala akhoza kupereka fikiki labala mawonekedwe enieni.
izi zikufunika mphika momwe mungafunikire kugutsa mbewu zingapo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito toyesa achinyamata okhala ndi zitsamba zopangidwa bwino, kutalika kwake komwe sikuyenera kupitirira 15 cm;- Onetsetsani kuti mwadula masamba onse oyambira. Kuyang'aniridwa kwakukulu kuyenera kulipiridwa kwa thunthu, lomwe liyenera kuperekedwa nthawi ndi nthawi mawonekedwe oyenera;
- Ndikofunika kuti usaiwale kuti nthambi zimafunikira kukokedwa popanda kusokonekera kwambiri kuti zipange mpata waulere pakati pawo, chifukwa mtsogolo mitengo ikadzamera. Mutha kupeza chomera kuchokera kwa mbewu zazing'ono za ficus ngati zibzalidwe mumphika umodzi wofanana. Ngati mukufuna kutenga pigtail, mufunika mitundu yosachepera atatu;
- ndikothekanso kuluka nthambi zokhazo zomwe zakwanira kutalika - 13cm masentimita. Kuti mupange gawo lina, nthawi yowonjezera ingafunike, chifukwa imapangidwa ngati ficus ikukula.
izi zikufunika mphika momwe mungafunikire kugutsa mbewu zingapo. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito toyesa achinyamata okhala ndi zitsamba zopangidwa bwino, kutalika kwake komwe sikuyenera kupitirira 15 cm;Mukukonzekera ficus Benjamin kapena wobala mphira, muyenera kusamalira kotero kuti kuluka sikutseguka pambuyo pake. Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse mitengo ikuluikulu ya garter pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wofewa. Zabwino kwambiri ngati ndi ubweya. Nthawi zambiri kunyenga kumachitika miyezi iwiri iliyonse.
Nthawi zina, pa kukula kwa fikiki, kuyika thandizo kumafunika. Poterepa, mutha kuwona mosavuta momwe ma fikaso a rabara a ficus adzapangidwire.
Pomaliza
Rubber ficus, komabe, ngati nthumwi zina za banja lino, amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha kukongoletsa. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti wobzala sayenera kuchitapo kanthu pa izi. Ngati mukudziwa momwe mungapangire korona wa ficus Benjamin, ndiye kuti mutha kuthana ndi mawonekedwe a mphira.
Mukuyenera kudziwa kuti ndizofanizira zokha zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe kubzala pafupipafupi. Kupatula apo, kukongola kwa ficus kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndikupanga korona. Kuyambira pamenepo wamaluwa atha kudula fikoni ya Benjamini kunyumba, chifukwa ma ficuse ndi mbewu zabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti palibe zovuta zapadera pogwira ntchito.
