Masiku ano, zamaluwa zapanyumba zimawoneka pang'ono. Zomera zambiri zatsopano zosangalatsa zatulukira, zida zawo zingapo, ndipo njira zokulira zasintha. Ngati m'mbuyomu, mawindo a makolo athu anali ndi lakhoma ndi zofiirira, ndiye kuti m'zipinda zamakono nyumba zamaluwa zakunja zimakhala, zomwe zili ndi makungwa m'malo mwa dothi, ndipo pali mbewu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafuna hydroponics.
Masiku ano, hydrogel yawonekeranso, komabe, si onse omwe amalima bwino omwe amatha kudziwa izi ndipo chifukwa chake ndizovuta kudziwa momwe ziliri. Hydrogel ndichinthu chabwino, ndichachidziwikire, koma sizokayikitsa kuti izitha kusintha dothi lachilengedwe, koma mwina limangowonjezera dothi.
Kodi hydrogel ndi chiyani?
Ngati simufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane maluso ndi luso la dothi, ndiye kuti titha kunena kuti iyi ndi batri, chosunga chinyezi. Poyamba, imatha kukhala ngati ufa, makhiristo, kapena kuwoneka ngati mphete. Mitundu yonse iyi ya hydrogel imatha kuyamwa chinyezi ndipo nthawi yomweyo imachulukana kukula ndi nthawi 300. Mitundu yonse imakhala ndi cholinga china, koma mwina chothandiza kwambiri, ndi hydrogel yayikulu, ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji pakulima malo obiriwira mkati.
Chaching'ono chimaphatikizidwa ndi chisakanizo cha dothi. M'maluwa osakhala akatswiri, hydrogel, yemwe ndi wocheperako (mawonekedwe owuma ndi ufa), amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mbewu zikafunika kumera. Akangochita, amakhala ngati mafuta onunkhira, osatinso mipira. Kuphatikiza apo, sigwiritsidwa ntchito pawokha; itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ikasakanizidwa ndi lapansi ndi mchenga. Pokhapokha, woyambitsa kumene akuyenera kusamala ndi ma hydrogel oterewa, makamaka zikafikira mbewu za mbewu zosowa. Ngati mulibe luso lokwanira kumera maluwa m'nyumba, ndiye kuti simukuyenera kuyesa, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yanthawi zonse.
Hydrogel wazomera zam'mimba
Hydrogel imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera pazosakanikirana ndi nthaka, ndipo izi ndi zoyenera 100%. Cholinga cha ntchito yake ndikuti amakhala ndi mizu ndi chinyezi, kenako, chifukwa chotsatira kuthirira, amakonzanso zoperekazo. Ndikusintha kuti hydrogel sichinthu koma chowongolera chomwe chimayendetsa chinyontho m'nthaka. Ngati dothi louma, limanyowetsa, ndipo vagi likaunjikika, hydrogel imachuluka. Chifukwa chake, sphagnum moss amachita panthaka.
Hydrogel imatha kuwongolera nthaka. Ikaikidwa munthaka, yomwe imakhala dongo, ndiye kuti siikhala yolemetsa, koma imayamba kukulira, ndipo pomwe pali mchenga wambiri - wopindika. Pokhala m'nthaka komanso kulipirira kutayika kwa chinyontho, hydrogel imatha kudyetsa mbewuyo kwa zaka 4-5. Ubwino wosakhudzidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwake ndikuchepetsa kwa kuchuluka kwaothirira. Palinso mwayi wopita kunyumba modekha kwakanthawi (mwachitsanzo, kupita kutchuthi) osadandaula kuti chomera chitha.
Zikuwonekeratu kuti pamaluwa amkati oterewa, ngati hydrogel safunikira konse, mbewu zoterezi zimatha kudziunjikira chinyezi. Ndizosafunanso kwa epiphytes, popeza duwa limamera popanda dothi, lomwe limadziphatika ndi mtundu wake. Koma pazambiri zokongoletsa masamba, komanso maluwa, hydrogel imatha kukhala yothandiza kwambiri. Amakwaniritsa bwino mkati, chinthu chokongoletsera ngati kapu yagalasi yokhala ndi chofiyira nyumba chomwe pansi pake pali mipira ya utoto. Kungokhala kristalo sikofunika kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito pazolinga izi. Pali chiwongolero chochepa mu mipweya ya makristalo ndipo ngati chomera chimasungidwa nthawi yayitali, chimatha kuvutika.
Kodi hydrogel amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji?
Mwakutero, palibe chilichonse chovuta pokonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, phukusi lokhala ndi zida zamagetsi limakhala ndi malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito, koma, mwatsoka, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zambiri zachidule, koma ndikufuna kudziwa zambiri. Ngati mukufunikira kubzala duwa la nyumba mu mawonekedwe oyera a hydrogel, ndiye kuti ma granules omwe apakidwa utoto wosiyanasiyana ndi bwino pamenepa, koma ngati sakanakhoza kugula, koma anali opanda utoto, ndiye kuti simuyenera kukwiya. Ndikosavuta kusintha hydrogel yotere kukhala utoto pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya chakudya, osachepera omwe amapanga mazira a Isitala.
Madzi a hydrogel amayenera kutsukidwa ndikuyenera kutetezedwa, apo ayi, wokutira wosasalira adzakhalabe pamipira. Pakhoza kukhala madzi ambiri, popeza ma granules sangatenge kuchuluka, mutha kumwa magalamu 10 pa malita awiri amadzi. Pafupifupi maola 2-3 ndikokwanira kuti nkhokwe zizadzaza ndi madzi, mutha kuyembekezera nthawi yayitali kuti mudziteteze.
Zoyenera kuchita ndi feteleza? Mutha kuziyika nthawi yomweyo m'madzi. Pazifukwa izi, pali feteleza wapadera yemwe ndiwofunikanso wogwiritsidwa ntchito mu hydroponics. Manyowa oterowo ndi osavuta kugula ndipo kusankha kwawo ndikofunikira kwambiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osungunuka chabe. Mphekesera zikatupa, ndikofunikira kukhetsa madzi otsalira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito colander. Pambuyo iwo ayenera kuti ziume. Tengani pepala kapena chopukutira ndikufalitsa mipirawo, chinyezi chizichoka kwathunthu. Izi ndizofunikira kuti pakhale mpweya pakati pa mipira, ngati sichoncho, mbewuyo idzafa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mukamagwiritsa ntchito hydrogel yokha (yopanda dothi), granules zazikulu zimatengedwa.
Chotsatira, muyenera kutenga chomera. Iyenera kuchotsedwa mumphika ndi nthaka, kuti isawononge mizu. Kenako mizu iyenera kutsukidwa. Pansi pa mtsinje, izi sizikulimbikitsidwa. Ndikwabwino kunyowetsa dongo mumtsuko winawake ndi madzi, ndipo zitatha, chotsani nthaka mosamala ndi mizu. Pamapeto pa ntchito yoyeretsa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ochepa, makamaka ofunda. Mtengowo ndiwosavuta kubzala mu mipira ya hydrogel kuposa m'nthaka wamba. Kutengera ndi kukula kwa mizu, mipira imathiridwa pansi pa chotchinga, mizu imagawanidwa limodzi ndikuyomera ndikuyiyika, kenako hydrogel imawonjezeredwa pamzere wokula. M'malo mwake, zonse sizosiyana ndi kutuluka wamba.
Potulutsa mpweya kuchokera ku hydrogel, filimu ya polyethylene ikhoza kuyikika kumtunda kwake. Zowona, izi zimawononga pang'ono kukongola, koma ngati pali zochulukirapo zambiri, simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito kanema. Ndiponso, ngati njira, fafaniza mzere wapamwamba ndi mfuti yokuthira.
Duwa lomwe limamera mu hydrogel limalimbikitsidwa kuthilira madzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Koma izi sizigwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kumvetsetsa kuti ndi madzi angati omwe amafunikira, komabe, pakatha nthawi yothirira, mitundu yambiri yamadzimadzi pansi. Chifukwa chake ndibwino kungoyamba kuthira gawo lapansi pamwamba, ndipo madzi adzafalikira pang'onopang'ono pa mipira ya gel. Popita nthawi, zidzakhala zodziwika kale kuchuluka komanso kuthirira duwa.
Ndi njira iyi yokukula, muyenera kusankha malo oyenerera omwe duwa lidzaime. Osaloleza kuwonekera mwachindunji ndi dzuwa, apo ayi khungu lidzaphuka ndi kutembenukira. Chifukwa chake malowa amakhudza kusankha kwa chomera kuyikidwa mu hydrogel.
Mofananamo, maluwa ambiri amkati amatha kukula, koma pali malamulo ena apadera ndipo ndikofunika kuti muzindikire:
- Ndikwabwino kuti chomeracho chinali chaching'ono osati chachikulu, apo ayi chingogwere mbali imodzi, chifukwa mipira sigwira pansi.
- Mizu ya chomera iyenera kukhala yayikulupo ndikukula bwino, motero ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa achikulire, kuwonjezera apo, safunikiranso kuisinthidwa chaka chilichonse.
- Kwa mbewu zomwe chidebe cholimba ndizoyenera kuti zikule bwino (ndimu, eucharis, ndi zina), hydrogel satha kugwira ntchito.
- Kuti muchilime choterocho, muyenera kusankha mbewu zomwe sizifuna kuunikira kowala.
- Zomera zomwe zimakhala zachikopa, masamba olimba ndi osakwanira mphesa, chifukwa maluwa oterewa amakhala owononga. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti musatenge ma epiphytes, mitundu yonse ya cacti ndi ma suppulents. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba za herbaceous zokhala ndi masamba ofewa.
Poyamba, mutha kuyesa kubzala muma hydrogel omwe ndi osavuta, monga tradescantia, mutha kutenga ivy kapena katsitsumzukwa, komanso mitengo ya bromeliad imadzimva bwino.
Pambuyo pakupita kwa nthawi, mipira ya hydrogel imasinthika, amasiya kukopa, amakhala makwinya komanso ochepa kukula. Koma musawachotsere pomwepo, angagwiritsidwe ntchito mosakanikirana ndi dziko lapansi. Ndikwabwino kuwonjezera magetsi owonjezera pamenepa, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri kuthirira.
Mutha kusakaniza kale hydrogel, yomwe imakonzedwa ndikutha kutupa. Mitundu ya mipira siyofunikira pano, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zosavuta, zopanda utoto. Kukula kwawo sikungakhudze kaya, simuyenera kungotenga gel osalala.
Ma gramu 1 gramu amatengedwa pa lita imodzi yosakanikirana, iyi ndi youma. Itha kuyikidwanso mumtengo womalizidwa, koma ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala. Popeza ma granules adzawonjezedwa m'nthaka mu fomu youma, muyenera kudziwa kuchuluka kwa momwe angachulukire. Monga lamulo, kuchuluka komweko kumawonedwa pano - lita imodzi pa lita. Maenje amapangidwa m'nthaka pogwiritsa ntchito chomera, kapena mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pensulo. Ma punctings otere ayenera kuchitika chimodzimodzi, koma m'malo osiyanasiyana, pambuyo pake ma granles amayikidwa mu mabowo ndikuthiriridwa bwino.
Hydrogel wina amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mpweya ubweretse. Mipira imangogawika panthaka. Izi ndizabwino kwambiri kuchita nthawi yozizira, kuwuma kwa mpweya kumaonjezereka. Koma muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi mosamala kwambiri. Popeza kuti mankhwalawo amangokhala pamwamba ndipo pamwamba pazikhala ndi chinyontho, motero mudzafunika kuwonetsetsa kuti mtanda wonsewo suuma, mukukhulupirira kuti mbewuyo sikufunikira kuthirira.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogel popanga maluwa am'maluwa, ichi ndi chida chatsopano, chokongola komanso, chofunikira kwambiri, chothandiza mbewu.
