Kumene kubadwa nkhaka ndi India, kapena m'malo ake otentha nkhalango. Nkhaka ndi chikhalidwe chosafunikira komanso chosafunikira; sichimakonda nyengo yotentha ndi yozizira, komanso kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha; imakonda kumera mu nyengo yokwanira chinyezi m'nthaka komanso m'mlengalenga. Ngati zoterezi sizikwaniritsidwa, ndiye kuti masamba azomera, omwe amakhala opsinjika kwambiri, amapanga chinthu chapadera kuti athetse kupsinjika - cucurbitacin. Katunduyu akupezeka m'maselo a nkhaka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zimayambitsanso kuwawa kwa mwana wosabadwayo.
Zifukwa zazikulu zomwe nkhaka zimakhala zowawa
- Pali mitundu ya nkhaka yomwe imatha kukhala yowawa chifukwa cha chibadwidwe cha mbewu zam'mbuyomu zomwe zimafalikira kudzera m'mbewu.
- Kuphwanya malamulo a ulimi wothirira pamene mbewu zalandira madzi ochuluka kapena ochepa. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi othirira.
- Nyengo ndi nyengo, mvula yamkuntho ikapanga chinyezi chambiri.
- Kuwongolera dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali masana, kuwalitsa kwambiri dzuwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mabedi a nkhaka pakati paminda za chimanga kuti mupange mthunzi pang'ono.
- Mpweya wouma komanso chinyezi chochepa, makamaka nyengo yotentha komanso yotentha. Kupopera madzi ena kudzakuthandizani.
- Kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi komanso kusakwanira michere ina. Zomera zimafunikira kuphatikiza ndi feteleza, zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu.
- Pokolola mbewu, ndikofunikira kutenga mbewu zokha kuchokera kutsogolo ndi pakati pa mwana wakhanda. Mbewu zomwe zili pafupi ndi tsinde zimatha kuyambitsa kuwawa kwa nkhaka zam'tsogolo.
- Kuthirira mbewu kuyenera kuchitika mwachindunji pansi pa muzu wa chitsamba chilichonse, makamaka pamapangidwe a mazira. M'masiku otentha a chilimwe ndi nthawi yowuma, kusungunuka kwa tsamba kuyenera - kusamba ndi madzi kuchokera kuthirira kapena botolo lothira.
- Kuwoneka kwa kuwawa m'mitengo kumatha kuwoneka kale panthawi yokolola, pamene nkhaka zimasonkhanitsidwa molakwika - zowonongeka ndikupotoza kwamkaka zamkaka.
- Kusintha kwakuthwa kwa kutentha (kutentha kwambiri ndi kuzizira kwakuthwa).
Nkhaka ndi zowawa zitha kudyedwa bwino mu mawonekedwe a peeled. Nthawi yomweyo, kununkhira, crunch ndi kukoma zimasungidwa, komabe, akukhulupirira kuti mavitamini onse ndi zofunikira zimapezeka mu peel. Kuwawa kwa zipatso kumazimiririka ndikaphika, chifukwa zipatso zotere ndizoyeneranso kuzitola, kukomola ndi kulamula.
Mayesero osankhidwa kwakanthawi abala zipatso zenizeni komanso zophiphiritsa. Mitundu yophatikiza mitundu ya nkhaka yomwe simumakhala yowawa (mwachitsanzo, "Liliput", "Harmonist", "Egoza", "Shchedrik" ndi ena) idadulidwa, zipatso zawo zimakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso fungo labwino. Pano pokhapokha nthawi yochotsa nyengo yozizira zotere sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Malamulo okula nkhaka popanda kuwawa
- Mukakulitsa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kusamalira kuyatsa kwathunthu ndi boma la madzi olimba. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi, ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kusamalidwa chimodzimodzi.
- Madzi othirira ayenera kutentha pang'ono. Kutsirira kumangolimbikitsidwa pokhapokha mukadzuka m'mawa kapena nthawi yamadzulo.
- Kusintha kwanyengo ndi kutentha kudumpha, mabedi a nkhaka panja ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi zovala zapadera ndikusiyidwa mpaka kutenthe.
- Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa atsopano monga mavalidwe apamwamba. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wotere kumapangitsa kuti mbewu zisasungidwe bwino ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zipatsozo zikhale zowawa.
- Mukamasankha malo ogona ndi nkhaka, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito dothi lolemera komanso dothi lamchenga.
- Nthaka pamabedi a nkhaka suyenera kupukuta; ndikofunikira kuti ikhale chinyezi nthawi zonse.
Mukamatsatira malangizo onse ndi malamulo, mutha kumera nkhaka zonunkhira komanso zonunkhira, zonse zomwe zili pamalo otentha komanso pamalo otseguka. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nkhaka ndi chikhalidwe chofatsa komanso chosasangalatsa chomwe chimayankha pazosintha pang'ono komanso kuphwanya malamulo aboma.
