Amorphophallus (Amorphophallus) ndi mbewu yodziwika bwino yochokera ku banja la Ariid (Araceae). Mudzi kwawo ndi Indochina. Dzinali limalumikizidwa ndi kuwoneka kwa inflorescence - cobs ndipo limachokera ku kuphatikiza kwa mawu awiri achi Greek "Amorpho" ndi "Phallus", omwe amatanthauzira kuti "osasinthika" komanso "akuwombera", motsatana.
Amorphophallus ali m'gulu la ephemeroids, omwe ali ndi nthawi yochepa kwambiri ndipo akupumula pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Chomera chilichonse chimapanga tuber, chomwe chili pafupifupi kukula kwa lalanje lalikulu, ndipo chimalemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu asanu. Kuchokera pa tuber iyi pamatuluka kukula kwa tsinde lobiriwira, lofanana ndi thunthu la kanjedza. Pamaso pake pali tsamba limodzi lokongola. Kukula kwa pepala lotere kumatha kufika mita imodzi ndi theka. Ndili ndi zovuta, mbale yake ndi katatu ndipo imasanjidwa kawiri konse, ndipo petiole mulibe mkati.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Amorphophallus masamba amangochoka kwa miyezi 6-7 zokha pachaka, nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa Marichi, ndipo kuyambira pakati pa Okutobala amayamba kutembenuka chikasu ndikufa. Tsamba lililonse latsopano limakhala lalitali kwambiri ndipo limadula kwambiri kuposa chaka chatha.
Maluwa amayamba nthawi yodutsa itadutsa, mpaka tsamba silinawonekere. Zimakhala pafupifupi milungu iwiri ndipo zimatha ngakhale kukula kwamizu yatsopano. Pakatikati pa maluwa, kukula kwamasamba ambiri kumachepetsedwa chifukwa cha kudya kwambiri zinthu zofunika pakudya komanso mawonekedwe a duwa. Chifukwa chake, milungu itatu kapena inayi yotsatira mbewu'yo ilinso munyalala, pamapeto pake tsamba limabweranso. Izi zimachitika kuti nthawi ya matalala ambiri ndi yayitali, mpaka kumapeto. Ngati duwa layamba kupukutidwa, ndiye kuti pambuyo pake pakubwera chotupa cham'mimba, chomwe zipatso zamtunduwu zimaphukira. Zomerazo zimafa.
Amormophallus ali ndi katundu wachilendo - maluwa awo amapatsidwa fungo losasangalatsa, lomwe amadziwika kuti ndi maluwa a cadaveric. Chimafanana ndi kununkhira kwa mbewa yomwe ikubowola kapena nsomba zowonongeka ndipo imakhala kwa masiku awiri kapena awiri. Fungo lake limadzitcha tizilombo tonse tomwe timatha kupukuta. Duwa la amorphophallus limatsegulira pambuyo pake kuposa chachikazi, motero, njira yodzivulaza ndiyosowa kwambiri. Kuti mungu uwoneke, mbewu ziwiri zokhala ndi nthawi yofananira maluwa ndizofunikira.
Kusamalira amorphophallus kunyumba
Malo ndi kuyatsa
Ma amorphophallus onse ndi zithunzi, amakonda kuwala kowala ndi kosakanikira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusunga amorphophallus mu gawo lachipindacho pomwe kuwala kokwanira kumabwera.
Kutentha
Kwa amorphophallus, kutentha kwa chipinda kwa madigiri 20-25 ndi kwabwino, koma nthawi yopanda, duwa liyenera kuchepetsedwa mpaka madigiri 10-12.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Chinyontho chowonjezera cha mpweya uyenera kumakhalidwa nthawi zonse akamakula amorphophallus. Kuphatikiza apo, amafunikira kuti azisanidwa nthawi zonse kuchokera ku mfuti ya Spray.
Kuthirira
Panthawi yomwe mbewu iyi ikukula, iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi kwambiri, kuti madzi asalowe mu tuber. Ndipo pambuyo kuchoka masamba, kuthirira ayenera kwathunthu malire.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Mphukira zatsopano zitatuluka, amorphophallus amafunika kudyetsedwa kamodzi theka la mwezi posintha feteleza wachilengedwe ndi mchere. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti amafunikira phosphorous yambiri. Kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa tuber, feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza 1: 2: 3 kapena kuposa 1: 1: 4. Ngati tubers ndi yayikulu, amawonjezeranso tsamba limodzi pamtunda. Musanadyetse, muyenera kuthirira dothi mwamphika.
Nthawi yopumula
Nthawi yotsala ndi gawo lofunikira pakukonza kwa amorphophallus. Nyengo yachisanu isanayambe, amachotsa masamba. Zingakhale bwino kutumiza mphikawo ndi malo amdima ndi ozizira, nthawi zina kumanyowetsa gawo lapansi.
Ngati tuber yavunda, iyenera kuyimitsidwanso ndikuchotsa gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi mpeni. Kenako, zigawozi zimayenera kukonzedwa ndi malasha ophwanyidwa ndikusiyidwa kuti ziume kwa tsiku limodzi. Pambuyo pa njirayi, tuber imabzalidwa mu osakaniza okonzeka.
Ambiri wamaluwa salimbikitsa kuti tisungidwe m'nthaka. Masamba akachotsa, timatumba tifunika kutulutsidwa mu mphika, kusomedwa pansi ndikuyang'aniridwa. Ngati mwana wamkazi wa tuber wabwera, ndiye kuti amapatulidwa, ndipo pakawoneka, zigawo zakufa zimachotsedwa ndikutsukidwa ndi yankho lamphamvu la potaziyamu permanganate. Pambuyo pake, tuber imachotsedwa m'malo owuma, ofunda komanso amdima.
Thirani
Pakumapeto kwa masika, ma tubers amafunika kuti abzalidwe m'miphika yayikulu ndi dothi lophatikizika: turf, humus, peat ndi tsamba lapansi ndikuphatikizidwa ndi mchenga wofanana.
Kubalana kwa amorphophallus
Kubalana kumachitika chifukwa cha ana, mbewu ndi magawano a tuber. Amorphophallus nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa ndi ana. Masamba akamwalira ndi kutha kwa matalala, mmera umayenera kupeza mazira ndikubowoletsa timabowo tomwe timasungidwa pa kutentha kwa madigiri 10-14 ndikubzala masika.
Ma tubers a amayi amathanso kugawidwa, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti pa gawo lililonse pali impso yophukira. Thonje amayenera kukonzedwa, kupukutidwa ndi kubzala, kuthirira mosamala poyamba. Koma kubereka pogwiritsa ntchito mbeu kumatheka nthawi ndi nthawi. Mukafalikira ndi njere, amorphophallus yatsopano imatha kuphuka patatha zaka zochepa.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Amorphophallus onse amalimbana ndi tizirombo, komabe, masamba achichepere amatengeka ndi mawonekedwe a akangaude ndi nsabwe za m'mimba. Kuthirira kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti mizu iwonongeke, ndipo vuto lake ndikuwuma masamba, komwe kumatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwunika koyipa.
