Philodendron - maluwa obiriwira osatha wochokera ku banja la Aroid. Akatswiri a Missouri Botanical Garden amawerengera pafupifupi mitundu 900 ya mbewu iyi. Oimira ake onse samamvetsetsa bwino. Ma Philodendrons ndiofala mumalo otentha a America, ku Australia, kuzilumba za Pacific Ocean. Amakonda nkhalango zofunda, zotentha, mabombe amtsinje.
Dzinalo la philodendron kuchokera ku Chigriki limamasuliridwadi kuti "mtengo wachikondi"Munthawi zachilengedwe zomera, izi sizingomera popanda mtengo wake. Mitundu ingapo ya ma philodendron imakulidwa munthawi yokhala mchipinda. Popeza kukula kwa chomera chachikulu, chomera ichi chitha kukhala chokhazikitsidwa ndi eni zipinda zazikulu, zazikulu.
Pakati pa philodendrons pali epiphytes, semi-epiphytes ndi chemiepiphytes. Koma palinso ma epiphytes ena, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mizu ya mlengalenga kuti athandizire pa chithandizo. Ngati palibe mtengo pafupi ndi chomeracho, imakwawa pansi pambuyo pamthunzi wa mtengo kapena mpanda. Philodendron imatha kukhala ndi mizu ya pansi panthaka komanso mlengalenga. Mizu ingapo yambiri, yaubweya yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuti athandizire. Ndi mizu yayitali komanso yayitali, amaliza chakudya chake ndikuyamwa chinyontho.
Chomera chofunda chimakhala ndi minofu yamtundu, m'munsi chimalemedwa. Kukula kwa lotsatira, masamba petiolate nthawi zina amafika mamita awiri kutalika. Masamba osalala amatha kukhala ozungulira, cirrus, dissect, kusesa. Nthawi zina, masamba a chomera chimodzi amatha kukhala osiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe. Monga lamulo, masamba a philodendron amapaka utoto wosiyanasiyana, koma apamwamba amakhala ndi mthunzi wakuda. Mafuta a inflorescence ndi cob yokhala ndi bulangete yamafuta awiri okhala ngati mawonekedwe. Chipatsochi ndi mabulosi ang'ono.
Zomera zambiri zomwe zimachokera ku banja la Aroid zimabzalidwa m'malo obisalamo. Adzakongoletsa maholo akuluakulu ndi ma vestibules. Panyumba yodziwika bwino, kukwera Philodendron ndikoyenera kwambiri. Mtunduwu suyenera malo akulu kuti kukula wamba ndikutukuka. Chimadzalidwa mmalo wobzala kapena mtanga ngati mbewu wamba ya ampel. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizolekerera komanso zosasangalatsa.
Mitundu yaying'ono imaphatikizapo warty philodendron. Ali ndi masamba okongoletsa okongola. Koma sangakule popanda kuthandizidwa. Philodendron Sello sawonanso ngati wokongola. Kutalika kwake kumafikira mita 1.5, ndipo m'lifupi imatha kukula kwambiri, chifukwa imakhala ndi masamba akulu masentimita 80. Philosendron-gitala ndi wokongola kwambiri, masamba ake omwe amafanana ndi chida chodziwika bwino cha nyimbo.
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa philodendron
Malamulo osamalira ma philodendrons amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiofanana, ngakhale pali kusiyana kwakunja ndi kukula kwake.
Kutentha
Philodendron amatanthauza zomera za thermophilic. Imasinthasintha bwino kutentha kwa chilimwe ngati chipindacho chimasungidwa chinyontho chokwanira. Chomera sichimafuna kutentha kwapadera. Imva bwino kwambiri kutentha kwa 20-25 ºC. Kutentha pamwambapa 25 ºC nthawi yotentha sikofunikira. Pofuna kuti philodendron isatenthe, masamba ake amathiridwa mankhwala ndikusambitsidwa ndi madzi oyimirira. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa chipinda sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa 15 ºC. Chomera sichilola kulembera, motero ndibwino kuti chisatenge kunja.
Kuwala
Kuti philodendron anali wokongola komanso wokongola, muyenera kumusankhira malo abwino. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse imakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kuwala mwachindunji padzuwa kuyenera kupewedwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu imafunikira kuwala kopitilira monochrome. Penumbra nthawi zambiri amaloledwa kokha ndikukwera kwa Philodendron ndi Philodendron blush.
Kuthirira
Philodendron iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse, makamaka nyengo yamasika-chilimwe. Zomerazi zimathiriridwa pomwe dothi lapamwamba limawuma. Kuthirira pafupipafupi kumadalira kutentha kwa chipinda chomwe mbewuyo ili. Madzi ochulukirapo mu poto sayenera kukhalapo. Imathiridwa ola pambuyo kuthirira. M'nyengo yozizira, thirirani mbewuyo mosamala kwambiri. Pa malo otsika kwambiri, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Chifukwa chothirira kwambiri, philodendron imapweteka, masamba ake amasintha chikasu. Komanso sizingatheke kupukuta msuzi. Chifukwa chachilala, philodendron imataya kukopa kwake ndipo imataya masamba. Thirirani mbewuyo ndi madzi ofewa (mvula, yophika, yakhazikika). Sipafunika kukhala ndi zodetsa za laimu, ndiye kuti madzi osayenera ndi osayenera chifukwachi. Kupanda kutero, madimbawo amasalira masamba a mbewu.
Philodendron amathiriridwa madzi kambiri. Zimatengera ma suppulents omwe amakhala ndi chinyontho.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Pansi pazachilengedwe, philodendron imamera m'malo otentha, motero imafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Zomera ziyenera kuthiridwa nthawi zonse, makamaka nthawi yotentha. Ngati m'chipindamo muli mpweya wouma, masamba azomera azikhala ochepa. Zoyerekezera zachinyamata zimakonda kusamba. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, mutha kupukuta ndodo ndi ulusi wa coconut, womwe umagwira ngati thandizo la philodendron. Musaiwale kupukuta masamba achomera ndi nsalu yonyowa. Pakupopera mankhwalawa gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda, ofunda. Njira zaukhondo zotere sizimangowongolera mawonekedwe a philodendron, komanso zimawonjezera chinyezi. Ndi bwino kukana ma polasi a masamba, akhoza kukhala ndi zinthu zovulaza.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Munthawi yachilengedwe chokukula, ma philodendrons amakonda chimbudzi, zowetedwa ndi tizilombo, mitengo yoyola ndi madzi amvula. Tsoka ilo, muzipinda za chipinda izi sizingamupatse iye. Panthawi yolimba kwambiri, philodendron sasiya kudya. Feteleza zimapereka zakudya zingapo. Amabweretsa kuchokera ku Marichi mpaka Seputembara. M'miyezi ina, mutha kudyetsanso mbewu, koma zochepa. Kamodzi pamwezi zidzakhala zokwanira ngati chomera chiri m'chipinda chotentha. Pazovala zapamwamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wama mineral. Zomera zodzala ndi masamba okongoletsa ndizoyenera. Kuti philodendron atambasuke, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wokhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa nayitrogeni. Ngati ndikofunikira kuti chomera ndichophatikizika, chimakhala chochepa pakavalidwe apamwamba a nayitrogeni. Musaiwale kuti kuchuluka kwa feteleza masamba a philodendron atha kutalika.
Thirani
Ikani philodendron chimodzimodzi monga mbewu zina. Zowoneka zazing'ono ziyenera kuziwitsidwa chaka chilichonse, akulu - monga kufunikira, pafupifupi zaka 2-3. Chizindikiro choti ndikusintha ndi mphika wopanikira. Nthawi iliyonse ziyenera kukhala zokulirapo pang'ono kuposa zomwe zidapita. Chifukwa cha mphika wolimba, philodendron imafota. Zomera zokhwima bwino zimatha kuzengedwa ndikusinthidwa ndi dothi lapamwamba. Chomera cham'malo otentha chimakonda nthaka yopatsa thanzi, yopepuka, yamtundu, yopanda asidi, yopuma. Kukula ma philodendrons, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi la matope a orchid, omwe amaphatikizapo makala, sphagnum moss, peat ndi makungwa. Dothi losakanikirana lomwe limakhala ndi magawo awiri a dziko la turf, gawo limodzi la malo peat ndi humus, theka la mchenga ndi loyenera. Zomera zakale zimabzalidwe m'nthaka zina zomwe zimakonzedwa bwino, nthaka yamasamba, mchenga ndi peat.
Kuswana
Ana obwera kumene a philodendron atha kupezeka m'njira zingapo. Imafalikira ndi njere, zodula, zigawo za mpweya, nsonga, masamba, zidutswa za thunthu.
Kufalitsa ndikudula kopanda kumapereka zotsatira zabwino. Njirayi itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale ndi alimi oyambira kumene. Kutentha kwakukulu pakubereka ndi 25-30 degrees. Ndondomeko imathandizira kwambiri ndi chinyezi chambiri. Kuti mupeze izi, gwiritsani ntchito thumba la pulasitiki kapena kapu yagalasi. Zidulidwa zobzalidwa zimapumira mpweya wabwino. Choyamba tsiku lililonse, kenako pafupipafupi. Ndikofunikanso kuchotsa kompositi yomwe imasonkhana pamakoma a nyumba yobiriwira. Pozika mizu, mchenga wonyowa ndibwino. Nthawi ndi nthawi, kuti musinthe, ndiyofunikira kukonzanso philodendron kuti nthambi zake, ndizopusa komanso zokongola.
Matenda
Mbewu ikasamalidwa bwino, tizirombo siziopa. Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika, philodendron imawopsezedwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kupindika, nthata za akangaude.
Tizilombo. M'malo mwake, chomera ichi, potsatira malamulo onse okonza komanso chisamaliro choyenera, sichimawonetsedwa pouzidwa ndi tizilombo. Koma ndikwanzeru kuyembekezera nthabwala, nthata ndi akangaude. Ndalemba kale momwe ndingachitire nawo: apa, apa ndi apa.
Philodendron ndi chomera chakupha. Madzi ake amachititsa mkwiyo wa mucous nembanemba. Chisamaliro chikuyenera kuchitika mukamawasamalira. Simungathe kuzikhudza ndi manja anu opanda pake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi. Ndipo pambuyo poisamalira, muyenera kutsuka chida ndi manja bwino. Omwe ali ndi ana ang'ono ndi nyama kunyumba, ndibwino osayamba duwa ili.
