Kutenga ndi kusamalira acidanthera poyera: mitundu, chithunzi

Anthu omwe amayamba kudziwa acidanthera amadziwa kuti ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi mbewu yomwe kale idamuwona. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolakwika ngati narcissus, yomwe itha kufotokozedwanso ndi fungo lomweli. Chomera ichi chatchuka pansi pa dzina lina - gladiolus onunkhira. Mitundu yake imakhala ndi mitundu 40. Acidantera ndi woimira banja la iris.

Acidanthera yomwe imakula bwino imawoneka ngati chomera chomwe chili ndi tsinde lopyapyala, lokongola komanso lofanana ndi maluwa akuluakulu, owoneka ngati nyenyezi, ofika pafupifupi masentimita 10. Ma inflorescences amatha kukhala ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana: yoyera yoyera, utoto wowala wokhala ndi malo amdima pakati. M'dziko lathu, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza acidantra yamitundu iwiri, yomwe imakulitsidwa pachaka.

Kubalana Acidanthera

Chithunzi cha mbewu chimangopereka chithunzi wamba. Chifukwa chake, zambiri zowonjezera ziyenera kupezeka m'njira zowonjezera. Chomera ichi ndi chofanana kwambiri ndi gladiolus muzinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo njira yolera. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zatsopano zimatha kudulidwa kuchokera ku ma corms, ana ndi mbewu.

Potsirizira pake, wamaluwa adzafunika kupirira kwambiri, chifukwa mbewu zomwe zimamera pambewu zimayamba kuphuka mochedwa kuposa zina zonse. Chifukwa cha izi, njira yofananira yobereka idalandiridwanso kochepa pakati paokonda maluwa. Komabe, kwa iwo omwe asankha kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi. Muyenera kudziwa zazikulu:

• Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu February-Marichi, mutakonzera zotengera m'matimu zodzazidwa ndi dothi lotayirira lolemera;
• mbande ikakulimba, imatha kuilowetsedwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kutentha madigiri 20-25;
• mbande zachikulire ziyenera kutayidwa.

Kukula mwa ana

Corms, monga lamulo, ali ndi ana ambiri. Ngati mungasankhe njira yoberekera ndi ana, ndiye muyenera kukonzekera kama. Kubzala ana kumachitika mu kasupe mu m'mbuyomu okonzedwa kale. Komabe, mutha kungolima ndikulima pansi ndikufesa mwachilungamo. Kusamalira ana kumafuna zochitika monga kudulira, kuthirira, kulima. Mukugwa kwawo amakumba pansi panthaka, chifukwa salola chisanu. Pakatha pafupifupi zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, timabowo timamera, timene timatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maluwa. Ndikofunikanso kukhazikitsa feteleza wa michere ndi michere m'nthaka kuti mubzale. Mbande zazing'ono zimayankha bwino kulowetsedwa kwa mullein.

Kubala acidants

Pokonzekera kubzala mbewuyi, tiyenera kudziwa kuti Africa ndi dziko lakwawo. Chifukwa chake, pakuyika kwake, muyenera kusankha malo abwino kwambiri, otetezedwa ndi mphepo. Muyeneranso kuganizira bwino dothi, lomwe liyenera kutayidwa ndi kusalolera kapena pang'ono asidi. Pakulima, chinyezi chadothi chofunikira chiyenera kusamalidwa. Njira yosavuta yokwaniritsira izi ndikuti ikutera kuphimba pansi ndi wosanjikiza wa peat.

Sichimapindulitsa acidant ngati itathiriridwa mopitirira muyeso. Ngati chinyezi chimasunthika kumalo ake, ndiye kuti chomera chimayamba kuvunda ndikufa. Kukonzekera malo obzala acidants kumatanthauza kuyambitsa kwa michere ndi michere yachilengedwe. Izi zimawonjezera mwayi woti mbewuyo imapereka maluwa ambiri ndikukula bwino.

Ngati ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa maluwa oyamba a acidacean, ndiye kuti mutha kukonzekera timiyala todzala totseguka pomera mumiphika. Atsamba ikhoza kuchitika kale m'mwezi wa March, ndipo kenako nkukhalamo wowonjezera kutentha kapena pawindo. Nthawi zambiri, pofika pakati - kumapeto kwa Meyi, chisanu chomaliza chimadutsa, chomwe chimapangitsa malo abwino ophatikizira kumalo okhazikika. Chomera chimatha kufa mosavuta chifukwa cha matenda obanika. Izi zitha kupewedwa ngati musanabzale, mababu amathandizidwa ndi fungicides. Corm akulimbikitsidwa kukumba 10 cm pansiosawaika pafupi 20 cm wina ndi mnzake. Komabe, mulimonsemo, kukula kwa mababu kuyenera kukumbukiridwa.

Kusamalira Acidanter

Ngati mukufuna kudzipulumutsa kuntchito yovuta ndikubzala mababu pansi, ndiye kuti muyenera kulingalira za chisanu ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, kuphimba zinthu zanuzo. Mukakonzekera ma tubers nthawi yachisanu, muyenera kupanga pobisalira pamasamba a masamba owuma, udzu kapena nthambi za spruce. Peat amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma sikuti nthawi zonse imatha kupirira bwino ndi ntchito yake. Nthawi zina amatha kutupa osasunga anyezi pakuzizira.

Mukukula kwakula, kawiri mpaka katatu amaloledwa feteleza ndi feteleza wa mchere. Ngati mukufuna kuwonetsetsa kuti duwa limangokhala lokongola nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kuchotsa inflorescence yoyenda munthawi yake.

Mapesi okongoletsa maluwa atha kuchitika panthawi yomwe duwa lomaliza la maluwa a acidantra limatha. Pambuyo pa ntchito imeneyi, masamba ochepa okha ndi omwe ayenera kutsalira. Izi zimalola mababu kuti azitha kudzipeza mphamvu zokwanira nyengo yotsatira nthawi yopuma yozizira.

Acidanthera atha kulimidwa mumachubu ndi miphika. Komabe, njirayi ili ndi zovuta zina, chifukwa chofunikira kuchita kuthirira komanso kuvala pamwamba nthawi zambiri. Mukakulitsa mbewu zamkati mudzafunika dothi losakaniza mwapaderazomwe muyenera kutenga:

• humus;
• tsamba ndi ntchentche;
• mchenga.

Komabe, muyenera kukumbukira kuti chaka chilichonse mudzayenera kukonzekera dothi losakaniza mwatsopano. Kuti mbewu zikule bwino, zotengera zomwe zili ndi maluwa zizikhala m'chipinda chowala bwino, momwe kutentha kuyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 20 digiri Celsius.

Kusunga ndi kuzizira

Ngati nyengo yozizira kwambiri siyikuyembekezeredwa mu nthawi yozizira ikubwera, ndiye mbewuzo zingasiyidwe pansi, ndikupereka malo owonjezera kwa udzu ndi masamba owuma. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti acidantra imamera m'malo amodzi popanda kutayika kwa zokongoletsera sizingatenge zaka zosaposa zisanu.

Ngati pali mwayi kuti nthawi yachisanu imasangalatsidwa ndi wankhanza, ndiye kuti mu kugwa mumafunikira tubers kukumba ndi kusunga. Asanagone, chomera chimafunikira kuchotsa masamba apamwamba, ndikuwasiya otsika. Pambuyo pake, imayikidwa mu chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, momwe kutentha kumasungidwa pa madigiri a Celsius. Pamenepo iyenera kuuma bwino kwa mwezi umodzi.

Musanayike duwa kuti liume, ndikofunika kuchitira tubers ndi fungicides. Mababu akalandira zofunika, amachotsa gawo ndi mizu. Kenako, amatenga bokosi lodzaza ndi peat, ndipo mababu amayikidwapo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyuzipepala pazolinga izi. Kuti ma corm azisungidwa bwino mpaka kuphukira, ziyenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chowuma, chopumira, momwe kutentha kumakhaliramo madigiri 10-15. Zomwe zikuchitika zikuwonetsa kuti posungira zodzala mu bokosi ndi peat, gawo lina limawonongeka. Monga chifukwa chothekera kwa izi, titha kutcha dzina kuti nthawi ya chilimwe anyezi sanapatsidwe zakudya zofunika.

Mitundu ya Acidanters

Mitundu yambiri ya ma acid amadziwika kuthengo kokha. Chifukwa chake, kwa wofesa wamba, sizipezeka. M'mikhalidwe yakudziko lathu, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza acidanthera wamitundu iwiri, yomwe zosavuta kuyeretsa.

• Acidanthera bicolor. Nthawi yakula imapanga duwa loyera, lofika pakati pa masentimita 12, ndikukhala pakati penipeni pa gawo lakuda ndi lofiira. Mababu ndi ochepa komanso amafika pafupifupi masentimita atatu; amawoneka oyera ndi oyera;
• Acidantera ndi otentha. Zokongoletsera zake ndi inflorescence mbali ziwiri zomwe zimakhala ndi maluwa a 5-6. Maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kosangalatsa kwa mthunzi woyera ndi madontho a rasipiberi;
• Acidanthera ndi waufupi tubular. Amakulitsa maluwa atamangidwa ndi chubu lalifupi, wokhala ndi utoto wowala. Chimakula chokhacho mtundu wamakulidwe, komabe okonda maluwa ambiri amawonetsa chidwi chifukwa cha mtundu wake wowala;
• Acidantera ndi yoyera. Chodziwika ndi maluwa oyera, omwe amakhala paphesi loonda, pomwe kununkhira kosalekeza kumachokera.

Pomaliza

Acidanthera sichinthu chodziwika bwino kwambiri, chomwe ngakhale alimi odziwa zamaluwa anganene china chake. Komabe, ndizopatsa chidwi, pokhapokha ngati zikufanana ndi mbewu zambiri zamtchire. Ngakhale alimi a maluwa odziwa bwino amayamikira chifukwa cha kutchulidwa kokongoletsa. Kukuza duwa ili sikovuta ngati momwe kumawonera poyamba.

Monga chodzala gwiritsani ntchito mababuomwe akuyenera kusamalira bwino ngakhale atasungidwa. Mukabzala mu April, amafunika kusankha malo oyenera pomwe pali dothi lomwe lili ndi michere yambiri.