Kupanga choyambirira chamitundu yowala ku kanyumba kanyengo, ambiri okhala pachilimwe amakula dolphinium. Zimakopa ndi mitundu yake komanso ukulu wake. Ngati mukuyang'ana kuchokera kumbali, zikuwoneka kuti makandulo akuluakulu okhala ndi magetsi amitundu yambiri adawonekera m'mundamo. Ngakhale izi, mbewu siyovuta kukula pakhomo. Chachikulu ndikutsatira mfundo zoyambira kubzala maluwa. Kodi mfumu ya pabedi lamaluwa la mdziko - delphinium ndi chiani? Kodi pali chilichonse chomwe chapezeka? Mayankho a mafunso awa athandiza kukondana ndi chilengedwe chapadera.
Mbiri Yakumutu ndi Zofunikira
Pafupifupi mayina onse ali ndi mbiri yawo yachinsinsi. Delphinium ndiwonso. Chimodzi mwazo chimveka ngati izi.
Zaka zambiri zapitazo, pomwe milungu yanthano ya ku Greece inkawongolera chilichonse chomwe munthu amachita, wosema waluso adakhala padziko lapansi. Mwana wake wokondedwa anamwalira momvetsa chisoni. Kuti apeze chilimbikitso, adamupanga chifanizo kuchokera pamwala, kenako nkupatsanso mphamvu. Kuchita kotere sikunakondedwa ndi milungu yoyipa, ndipo anasintha chikondi kukhala chidole. Mtsikanayo adalira kwambiri pagombe la nyanja, akuyembekeza kuwona wokondedwa wake. Pambuyo pakupita nthawi yayitali, dolphin adapita kwa iye ndikumuyika duwa lokongola labuluu pamanja pake. Amadziwika kuti delphinium, monga chikumbutso cha chikondi chenicheni.
Pali lingaliro lakuti duwa linatchedwa ndi dzina chifukwa mawonekedwe ake osafanana ndi dolphin. Nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti ndi larkpur kapena spur. Kusiyanitsa kwazomera (pachaka, kosatha) kuphatikizidwa kukhala gulu, dzina lake lomwe ndi coconuts. Olima ena amakhulupirira kuti duwa limatchedwa mzinda wachi Greek wa Delphi, pomwe limakula ambiri. Kaya nkhaniyo ndi yoona, siyimasiyanitsa kukongola kwa munda wokongola.
Mpaka pano, mitundu pafupifupi 450 ya maluwa okongola ndiyodziwika. Malo okhala amachokera ku China kupita kumadera otentha aku Africa. Zithunzi zapadera za delphinium zimathandizira kuwona duwa mu kukongola kwake konse.
Mtengowo ndi wa banja la Ranunculaceae. Mphukira ili ndi miyeso yonse. Nthawi zina imatha kufika 2 metres. Ma inflorescence amapezeka pafupi ndi mpikisano ndipo amafanana ndi kandulo. Pali mitundu iyi:
- thambo lamtambo;
- buluu
- lilac;
- oyera-oyera;
- lilac;
- ofiira
- pinki.
Mitundu yosatha komanso yapachaka imabadwa, makamaka kuchokera ku mbewu. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri pachaka idakhala yokondedwa ndi maluwa.
Ajax
Chomera chidawerengeka ndikuphatikiza mitundu iwiri ya delphinium. Zotsatira zake zinali duwa loyambirira mpaka kutalika kwa 100 cm.Mapaipi a masamba a Sedentary ali ndi gawo lozama. Ma inflorescence amtundu wa kangaude wamkulu amakula pafupifupi 30 cm ndipo amapezeka muzithunzi zingapo.
Mafani a minda yaying'ono amalima mitundu yaying'ono yomwe imamera 35 cm yokha kuchokera pansi. Mphukira zowotcha zimapakidwa utoto wowala ndiku pachimake mpaka chisanu choyamba.
Munda
Duwa la maluwa loti pachaka limakulidwa kuyambira 1572. Imakula mpaka kutalika kwa 2 metres. Ndalama zosavuta komanso zokongola za terry. Chimunthu cha chikhalidwe. Amaluwa mu Juni. "Zoyimira" zomaliza kumayambiriro yophukira.
Dolphinium osatha
Asayansi anayamba kupanga mitundu yosatha m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Zotsatira zake, mitundu yoyambirira yamitundu inaoneka:
- Barlow
- The Belladonna
Masiku ano, wamaluwa amalima mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chofunikira ndi mawonekedwe apadera a masamba. Zisintha pafupifupi 800. Ma inflorescence ndiosavuta mwachilengedwe, terry ndi semi-iwiri. Diam maluwa ofanana ndikuchokera 2 mpaka 9 cm.
Kuti apange mabedi ammunda, obereketsa amapereka maluwa osiyanasiyana kutalika - mitundu yaying'ono, zazikulu komanso zazikulu zazikulu.
Kutengera ndi komwe adachokera, maluwa a osatha okhwima omwe amakhala osakanizika anagawidwa m'magulu atatu: Martan, New Zealand ndi Scottish. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Gulu la Marfinsky Dolphinium
Mwachitsanzo, mbewu za gulu la Martha zimalekerera kutentha pang'ono. Siyanitsani pakukongoletsa kwapadera. Ma inflorescence akulu amtundu wapawiri amakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga osiyana ndi mawonekedwe amunthu. Izi ndi monga mitundu:
- "Dzuwa Lapinki choyambirira";
- Morpheus wosakhazikika komanso wodabwitsa komanso Mtundu wa Blue Lace;
- Mpweya Wotsitsimutsa.
Palibe chovuta kukula maluwa a gulu la Marita kuchokera ku mbewu. Cholinga chachikulu ndikuti sateteza mitundu ya mbewu.
Gulu la New Zealand Delphinium
Delphiniums, omwe ndi gulu la New Zealand, amatha kukula mpaka mamita awiri. Amasiyana ma terry ndi ma semi-awiri. Mitundu ina yakhala ndi ma petals athanzi. Maluwa amalimbana ndi matenda, osawopa kuzizira, amasungidwa bwino kudula. Mitundu yodziwika bwino imakhala yamtengo wapatali padziko lonse lapansi:
- "Achifundo";
- "Zolinga Zachikunja";
- "Thambo Lakumadzulo";
- "Mtambo Wamtambo";
- "Green Twist".
Kukongola kwawo kopitilira muyeso sikunathe. Uku ndiye kukongola kwa maluwa.
Gulu la Scottish Delphinium
Ma delphiniums aku Scottish amakopa masamba apamwamba apamwamba a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana, yomwe nthawi zina imakhala ndi petals 60. Ngati mbewuyo ikukula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka, ndiye kuti inflorescence imatenga 80 cm kutalika konse. Osakhalitsa odzikuza nyengo. Ngati mumayesa kukula kuchokera ku nthangala, delphinium imasungira magawo osiyanasiyana. Mitundu yotsatirayi ikudziwika masiku ano:
- "Chisomo Chokoma";
- "Blueberry Pie";
- "Pink Pink";
- "M'mawa Kutuluka".
Zojambula zaluso zokongola kwambiri. Koma kodi pali zinsinsi zakukula kwa delphinium kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba? Tiyeni tiyese kuzindikira.
Mfundo zofunika kwambiri pakukula duwa
Gawo loyamba ndikukonzekera nthaka yoyenera kubzala mbewuyo. Ndikofunika kusakaniza dothi la m'munda, peat ndi humus chimodzimodzi. Onjezani mchenga woyeserera pamenepo (theka la gawo limodzi), perlite (makapu 0,5 pa malita 5 a nthaka) ndikuyika osakaniza mumadzi osamba kwa mphindi 60. Munthawi imeneyi, mbewu za maudzu osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya bowa idzawonongedwa. 
Tsopano mutha kuwotchera nthaka lapansi mumtsuko ndikuyamba kubzala mbewu za delphinium.
Kuti maluwa athe bwino, ndikofunika kupukuta zodzala m'thumba la gauze. Konzani yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, kenako ndikutsitsa mbewu pamenepo. Zilowerere kwa mphindi 20, nadzatsuka pansi pamadzi ndikutsuka tsiku limodzi ndi madzi apadera a epin, omwe amagulitsidwa m'misika yamaluwa. Pukutani mbewu musanabzala.
Zomera zobzala zayikidwa bwino panthaka. Ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ikani ma pepala okhala ndi dzina ndi tsiku lobzala. 
Kuyambira pamwambapa, njere zimakutidwa ndi dothi pafupifupi 4 mm. Pendekerani mopepuka kuti mbewu zisatuluke mukathiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda.
Mfundo zofunika kwambiri za momwe tingakulitsire delphinium kuchokera kumbewu zimatanthauzira kusamalira mbewu mosamala. Kuti tichite izi, zotengera zimatsekedwa kaye ndi filimu yowonekera, kenako yakuda, kuti ifulumizitse kukula. Chombocho chimayikidwa pafupi ndi zenera, makamaka pafupi ndi galasi.
Makulidwe otentha okwanira sayenera kupitirira +16 madigiri, osatsika ndi madigiri 11.
Kutengera nthawi yoti mubzale delphinium panthaka, njira yomwe ikukula pang'onopang'ono imatha kuthamanga. Kuti muchite izi, muli ndi zinthu zobzala zimayikidwa mufiriji, pa veranda kapena loggia. Sizowopsa ngati choyezera kutentha chatsika madigiri 6 pansi pa ziro. Pakatha masiku 14, zotengera zimayikidwanso pawindo pafupi ndi galasi. Chifukwa cha njirazi, patatha masiku 7 kapena 14 mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera.
Mitundu ikangowonekera mumtsuko, filimu yowoneka bwino ndi yakuda iyenera kuchotsedwa.
Popeza mbewu za maluwa okongola amenewa ndizopatsa chidwi kwambiri, zimayenera kukonzekera bwino kufesa. Delphinium stratation kunyumba imachitika ndi nsalu yaying'ono. Zinthu zake amazidula mzere, nampaka ndi madzi, ndi kubzala zakhazikitsidwa munjira. Pambuyo pake, m'mphepete mwa timizere timapinda kuchokera mkati moyandikira pakati. Kenako nsaluyo imakulungidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa ndi waya wofewa.
Madzi pang'ono amathiridwa m'chidebe chaching'ono kuti chinyontho chizikhala chokwanira. Zingwe zimatsitsidwamo, osakhudza madzi, ndikuzimitsa kwa masiku angapo. Nthawi yomweyo, amayesetsa kuti asalepheretse mpweya kupitilirabe. Chifukwa cha njirayi, kufanana kwa delphinium kumawonjezeka.
Zinsinsi za kubzala dimba wokongola
Okonda maluwa ambiri amakonda kukongoletsa malo awo ndi maluwa akuluakulu. Wina amabzala peonies, wina amakonda maluwa. Chomera chosasangalatsa chopanda maluwa chokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino pakuwombera kolimba chidalowetsa m'mitima ya olima owona. Amabwera popanda chingerezi choyambirira. Dawo lamaluwa amodzi limatha kufika masentimita 10. M'munsi mwake, mphukira zimakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira kwambiri. Kukula pambewu yokhala ndi maluwa okhaokha yotchedwa "Delphinium New Zealand Giant" kumafuna izi:
- Zomera zobzala zimayikidwa pansalu yoyala ya thonje.
- Atagawana nawo m'derali moyenerera, iwo amapotoza nkhaniyi mozungulira.
- Pofuna kupewa kuti nsaluyo isanuke, imayikidwa mu thumba la pulasitiki.
- Tumizani mbewuzo mufiriji.
Chikwama chizilowetsedwera tsiku ndi tsiku kuti mbeu isamere kwambiri. Omwe alimi ena amagwiritsa ntchito moss-sphagnum m'malo mwathumba, pomwe zinthuzo zimatupa bwino.
Mbeu zikakhala zokonzeka, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofesa mbande za delphinium muzotengera zapadera. Mphesa za chomera zimayikidwa mumabowo 3mm ndikuzama ndikutidwa ndi dothi lapansi laling'ono. 
Mutha kuwachepetsa. Kenako chimbacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena matumba apulasitiki amayikidwa. Mwanjira imeneyi, amawaika pamalo otentha. Ngati nyumbayo ili yotentha, mutha kuyiyika pawindo. Pambuyo pa masiku 3-4, zotengera zimatumizidwa ku firiji usiku. Patatha milungu iwiri, zikumera zoyambirira zimawonetsedwa. Izi zikangochitika, filimuyo imachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Nthawi zina okonda maluwa amakhala ndi funso: nthawi yofesa mitengo ya delphiniums kuti mbande izitha kubzala bwino maluwa. Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa amalangiza kuchita izi kumapeto kwa March kapena koyambirira kwa Epulo. Sachedwa kwambiri kukula mbande ngakhale mu Meyi.
Mbande, zomwe zakula masamba atatu athunthu, kumizidwa. Koma njirayi iyenera kukonzekereratu. M'mbale zonyansa, dothi lotayirira limasonkhanitsidwa ndikuwotha kutentha. Kenako, mmera umodzi umayikidwa mu chidebe chilichonse kuti chitha kuzika mizu bwino.
Kuti akonze mbewu kuti ikule panthaka, iyenera kukhala yolimba. Chifukwa cha izi, zotengera zimatengedwa nthawi zina kumka kumweya wabwino. Atangobzala, zikumera zimaphatikizidwa ndi umuna.
Pali malingaliro akuti delphinium yapachaka sikhala ndi vuto lililonse ikadzala nthangala zamkati. Mwina zili choncho. Kupatula apo, mbewuyo imasiyana ndi zipatso zosatha kubereka chifukwa imaphuka kale kwambiri. Imakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ndipo imangokulira kutalika kwa mita, pomwe masamba osatha amapezeka modabwitsa.
Mbewu ziyenera kukhala zatsopano, kusungidwa mufiriji. Popeza mbande zamaluwa zimamera pang'onopang'ono, delphinium imabzalidwa kumapeto kwa dzinja. Nthawi zambiri - mu February. Chifukwa cha izi, kubzala zinthu zakonzedwa mosamala, ndikuchita njira zofunikira.
M'matumba ang'onoang'ono odzaza ndi dothi, mbewu zimafesedwa chimodzimodzi. Kuti ziwonekere bwino, padziko lapansi limakonkhedwa ndi mchenga. Kuchita kukuwonetsa kuti kupsinjika kwa kufesa kulibe mphamvu yotsiriza pakukula kwa mbande zazing'ono. Njira yabwino yomwe wamaluwa amalimbikitsa ndi kuti isafalikirenso mbeu ziwiri pa 1 cm. Ngakhale zitha kuwoneka ngati izi ndizambiri, munthu sayenera kuda nkhawa. Kwa mfumu, maluwa okhazikika ndi chizolowezi.
Kanemayo woperekedwa akuwonetsa kubzala kolondola kwa mbewu za dolphinium. Mutayang'anayang'ana, sizingakhale zovuta kubala maluwa okongola kwambiri m'dera lanu. Nthawi zambiri ndi delphinium yomwe imakhala kunyada kwa bedi lamaluwa amdziko. Kupatula apo, imakwanitsa kulowa malo aliwonse amtunda. Njira yochititsa chidwi yolima duwa imabweretsa chisangalalo chenicheni kwa mafani odzipereka a malo obiriwira.
