Mapilo okongola amkati mwa chrysanthemum

Ma Chrysanthemums akhala chizindikiro cha nthawi yophukira. Mitolo yamaluwa, yamaluwa, yamitengo yam'munda yokhayokha iyi mumaphika kwambiri imadzaza zowerengera kumapeto kwa nyengo yamasewera. Koma ma chrysanthemums apamwamba, ma inflorescence omwe ali olimba kwambiri kotero kuti atembenuza chitsamba chilichonse kukhala pilo, sangathe kukongoletsa osati ziwembu ndi dimba zokha. Kupatula apo, ma chrysanthemums amakhalanso m'nyumba. Amakhala ophatikika komanso olimba, amasangalala ndi maluwa odabwitsa omwe amasintha mbewu kukhala maluwa okongola m'miphika. Ndipo lolani kulimbikira kuti mbeu zisunge nthawi yayitali kwambiri, palibe chikhalidwe china cham'nyumba chomwe chingapikisane ndi chrysanthemums potulutsa chozizwitsa. Inde, ndikusamalira chrysanthemums zamkati muyenera kukhala zokwanira, koma osati zovuta.

M'nyumba Chrysanthemum. © Lauren Snowden

Autumn ukufalikira mapilo chipinda mawonekedwe

Ma chrysanthemums am'nyumba ndi oyimilira basi a Chrysanthemum omwewo ochokera ku banja la Asteraceae, omwe amadulidwa ndi obereketsa komanso kusinthira mnyumba. Maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe amdimba a chrysanthemums zamkati mchipinda chilichonse sizingakhale zowonjezera. Amasinthiratu danga, osati kungokopa chidwi chokha, komanso kukhazikitsa chisangalalo kwa tsiku lonse. Izi mwina ndizovala zamphamvu kwambiri zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimapezeka komanso zotchuka kwambiri m'chipinda. Ndipo mwamtheradi - awa ndi zovala zabwino kwambiri za m'dzinja m'chipinda chilichonse. Ma chrysanthemums amkati, monga anzawo a m'munda, amatulutsa maluwa bwino kwambiri nthawi zonse. Amabweretsa nyengo yophukira mkati ndipo amalipira kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa masana masana, nyengo yachisoni yamwadzidzidzi.

Koma ma chrysanthemums apamwamba amkati, ofanana ndi zokongola zazing'ono zamaluwa - mbewu ndizochulukirapo. "Duwa la dzuwa" mumtundu wakunyumba kumafunikira njira yosamalitsa mosamala pakusankha mbewu mukamagula. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndizovuta kwambiri kuchiza chrysanthemum yamkati mukakhala ndi tizirombo kapena matenda, ndipo kuti musakhale ndi mavuto komanso osabweretsa chonde chenicheni kunyumba, chomwe chimatha kupatsira mbewu zina zamkati pamphepete mwa diso, muyenera kufufuza bwino masamba ndi Masamba, osati aulesi kuyang'ana mkati mwa chitsamba ndikuonetsetsa kuti mukugula mbewu zathanzi. Koma mutayang'anitsitsa ndikuyika malo ochepa, mutha kukongoletsa mkati mwanu ndi mapilo achikuda.

Ma chrysanthemums amkati ndi mitundu yaying'ono ya chrysanthemums omwe tchire lake nthawi zambiri limakhala lotalika 25 mpaka 40 cm. Ndizomveka kunena za mitundu yamitundu mitundu ya ma chrysanthemums okha pokhudzana ndi mbewu zamunda. Mu chikhalidwe, ma chrysanthemums amasankhidwa nthawi yayitali ndipo nthawi zambiri amayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa bwino ndi yosakanizidwa, yomwe idapangidwa makamaka osati kuwonjezera mawonekedwe, komanso kukhala ndi mitundu yambiri pakuchepetsa kukula kwa maluwa. Miniature komanso lush, ma chrysanthemums amakupatsani mwayi kuti musankhe pakati pa mitundu yosavuta komanso ya terry, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zambiri zokongoletsera. Komanso m'munda wamiyala ya chrysanthemums, omwe mkati mwake amasungabe gawoli kukhala lalikulu loyenda (inflorescence kuyambira 8 cm), maluwa oyenda pakati komanso ochepa maluwa otumphukira, inflorescence omwe amakhala ochepa masentimita 2-3 m'chipinda. Maluwa a Terry amatha kukhala ozungulira, lucid, pompom, hemispherical, flat ... Ndiye kuti, monga mbewu zam'munda, kuchuluka kwa chrysanthemums kwamkati kumalola aliyense kupeza mbewu kuti azikonda. Zoyimira mu phale la mitundu sizimachepera konse. Mitundu ya chrysanthemums yamkati yamkati imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yoyera, yachikaso, yapinki, yofiirira, yofiirira, ndi yaposachedwa, ngakhale ma chrysanthemums amtundu wa buluu ndi buluu.

M'nyumba Chrysanthemum. © Elena J. Williams

Mitundu yotchuka ya chrysanthemums yamkati

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yomwe imapezeka masiku ano yogulitsa paliponse ndipo ili ndi mbiri yodziwika bwino imaphatikizapo chrysanthemums zamkati monga:

wachikaso, wachikuda "Golden Gloria" wachikaso, wokumbutsa za tchire lowiwalika lokhala ndi dzuwa laling'ono;
mitundu yapadera "Golide Wakale", omwe amakulitsa maluwa ambiri omwe amakhala ndi mtundu wa bronze;
kalasi "Gustav Greenwald";
chamomile chrysanthemum wokhala ndi maluwa okhala ndi mainchesi 8 masentimita komanso kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa mitundu yoyera yachikasu ndi yapinki "Frutescens";
daisy chrysanthemums "Morifolium", "Morifolium Cascade".

Koma ndikwabwino kuwerengera masinthidwe a chrysanthemums malinga ndi mitundu yomwe ikuperekedwa m'dera linalake. Inde, mitundu yatsopano yokhala ndi mitundu yoyambirira kwambiri ya inflorescence imawonekera chaka chilichonse, ndipo mitundu yakale imakhala ikuwonjezeredwa ndikuwonjezera kukana kwawo.

Masiku ano, mbewu za bonsai zasintha mwadzidzidzi pakati pa ma chrysanthemums amkati. Zithunzi zokongola modabwitsa, zazing'ono ngati mitengo zomwe zili ndi mitengo yayitali yokhala ndi mapilo a maluwa owala sizingathe kuiwalika. Koma chrysanthemums zotere, chifukwa chovuta kukula, zimawonedwa ngati zosowa motero zimafuna ndalama zambiri.

Kusamalira chrysanthemums zam'nyumba kunyumba

Chrysanthemums zam'nyumba ndizosangalatsa zomwe si aliyense angathe kugula. Amafunikira zomwe zili bwino komanso chisamaliro mosamala. Ndipo kuzizira yozizira sindiyo vuto lalikulu konse. Chifukwa chake kuti mukhale ndi chozizwitsa choterocho pokhapokha ngati mukutsimikiza kuti mutha kuwayang'anira. Koma kukongola, palibe mtengo umodzi womwe ungafanane ndi chrysanthemums, kotero kuti maluwa ake amawongolera zovuta zonse.

Kuyatsa kwa chrysanthemums zamkati

Ngati mukufuna kuchita bwino ndikusilira ma chrysanthemums omwe amalima mkati mwanu, ndiye kuti muyenera kusamalira kuyatsa kwabwino. Ma Chrysanthemums omwe ali mumtundu wakunyumba sangathe kuyima molunjika dzuwa, koma amafunikira kuwunikira kowala kwambiri komwe kungatheke. Malo omwe ali ndi magetsi owunikira nthawi zambiri amapezeka kokha pazowonjezera pazenera. Nthawi yomweyo, mazenera akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo nthawi zonse amawonedwa ngati abwino kwa chrysanthemums zam'nyumba. Njira yowunikira nyengo yachisanu ilibe kanthu, chifukwa mbewuzo amazidulira pansi pa muzu ndipo zimatha kusungidwa ngakhale chipinda chamdima.

Mnyumba chrysanthemums. © Elena J. Williams

Kutentha kosangalatsa

Kusankhidwa kwa malo okhala mkati mwa chrysanthemums nthawi zambiri kumakhala chifukwa chomwe chimasiyidwa chifukwa chokomera mbewu zolimba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ma chrysanthemums amkati amafunika kukonza kokonzanso. Zomera izi zimawonetsa kukongola kwawo pokhapokha ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhalabe pafupi ndi 18 digiri Celsius ndipo popanda choncho kupitirira madigiri 20-23. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kukwera pamwamba pa madigiri 25, inflorescence imayamba kuuma mu chrysanthemum, nthawi ya maluwa imachepetsedwa, ndipo pang'onopang'ono mbewuyo imafa. Ndizosatheka kulipirira kusowa kozizira ndi njira iliyonse yosamalirira: kuchuluka kwa inflorescence mwachindunji kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kupereka mbewuyo ndi gawo lokhalo lomwe lingayimitse njirayo - kupopera.

Ngati mukufuna kukulira mbewu zamkati ngati mbewu zamkati, ndiye mutatha maluwa mutha kuzitaya. Koma popeza ichi ndi choperewera chokwanira chomwe chitha kusinthidwa kumunda ngati chikufunikira ndikusintha mawonekedwe ake, ndiye yesani kuisunga. Ndipo pambuyo pa chiwonetsero chokongola chotere, kutulutsa chrysanthemum yamtengo wapatali kumangokhala kumvera chisoni. Kuphatikiza apo, pambuyo pa zoyeserera zonse zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, sizovuta kwenikweni kupanga nyengo yachisanu. Kwa chrysanthemums yakunyumba mudzafunika ndi boma lozizira lokonza. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa mbewuyi ndi magawo atatu a kutentha.

Kupatula, ma chrysanthemums onse am'nyumba omwe amalambira mpweya wabwino, angagwiritsidwe ntchito osati kukongoletsa zipinda, komanso makonde kapena munda. Mutha kupita nawo panja kale atabwerako masika atatha. Mutha kuziwasiya poyera mpaka chisanu choyamba. Koma chrysanthemums zazikulu, zamphamvu kwambiri zamphika zitha kugwira ntchito yokongoletsa mundawo. Koma m'nyumba ayenera kupereka msonkho kwa nyumba zanyumba ndi nyumba. Ma chrysanthemums am'nyumba sawopa zojambula ndi zokonda kupembedza; amathanso kukhala akuluakulu pawindo lotseguka.

M'nyumba Chrysanthemum. © ronstik

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Kuthirira chrysanthemums zam'nyumba kuyenera kupitilira kumvetsera. Dothi la mbewuzi liyenera kusungidwa pang'ono ponyowa, mosasinthika mwanjira zonse, osaloleza kuti lipume, komanso kuteteza chinyezi, chomwe nthawi yomweyo "chimayamba" kufalikira ndi kufalikira kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Chinyezi chinyezi chitha kukhala chokhazikika ngati njira iliyonse yotsatira itachitika pambuyo poti masentimita angapo apamwamba a miphika ataphwa kale. Nthawi yomweyo, kutsanulira pafupipafupi, koma kuchuluka kokwanira kumakhala koyenera kwambiri chifukwa cha chrysanthemum (njira zowongolera zimaletsa kupewa kusinthasintha kwazinthu). Pafupipafupi njira za chrysanthemums m'chilimwe zimakhala pafupifupi 2 pa sabata. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuthirira madzulo, osati m'mawa.

Ma Chrysanthemums sazindikira chinyezi cha mlengalenga ndipo safuna njira zowonjezera momwe amagwirira ntchito. Chokhacho chokha ndizomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwa mpweya kukhala kwapamwamba kwambiri kuposa momwe amakulimbikitsira. Pankhaniyi, osatulutsa ma chrysanthemums amatha kupaka phula kuti muchepetse ndikuthandizira kutentha kwa mpweya. Koma ndi kuyamba kwa maluwa, njirazi ziyenera kusiya. Kumwaza ndikumachitika, ndipo akungofuna kukonza mawonekedwe a zobiriwira, zotsitsimutsa.

Kuvala chrysanthemums zamkati

Pazomera zambiri za chrysanthemum, kuphatikiza umuna kofananira kumafunikira. Nthawi zambiri feteleza wamkati chrysanthemums umagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi 1 nthawi sabata. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wazovuta wazomera zomera, m'malo mophatikizika ndi maluwa oyambira. Amadyetsa nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito, kuyambira koyambirira kwa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa. Njira ina yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito: kasupe, pakukula, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni wa chrysanthemums wam'nyumba, ndi feteleza wa potashi-phosphorous pa nthawi yamaluwa ndi maluwa. Lamulo lofunika lomwe lingakuthandizeni samangobzala, komanso maluwa akutali kwambiri - gwiritsani ntchito feteleza pafupifupi maola 12 mutathirira.

M'nyumba Chrysanthemum. © floradania

Kudulira kwa Chrysanthemum

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe siziyenera kuyiwalika m'nyumba chrysanthemums ndikukhomerera mphukira. Ndikofunikira kuti chomera chipangire zitsamba zobowola, komanso mapangidwe owonjezera ndi kusintha kwa chrysanthemums kukhala maluwa. Kwa chrysanthemums kakang'ono kwamaluwa, nipples 2-3 nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuti zimange zitsamba zolimba. Ma chrysanthemums okhala ndi maluwa akulu amakhala ndi zikhomo zochulukirapo, pomwe zimatha kuchotsedwa mu mawonekedwe a mbewu zokhazikika, ndikupanga 1alk, kenako ndikudula masamba apamwamba kuti apange korona wa mtengo.

Zomera zam'makomo zidzafunika njirayi, ngati masamba pa tchire satsegula, mapesi a maluwa alibe mphamvu zokwanira kuti athe kuwulula ma inflorescence. Potere, gawo la masamba liyenera kubudulidwa, kupereka kutseguka mwachangu ndi kukula kwake koyenera kwa inflorescence yotsala.

Panthawi yogwira ntchito mchaka, chrysanthemum sichitha kuzidina, koma kudula kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu. Komanso, mukaona kuti mbewuyo ikukula, kutaya kachulukidwe kake, ndiye kuti kudulira sikuyenera kuchita mantha.

Kudulira kwachaka kwa chrysanthemums kumachitika nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa maluwa. Musanaupatse mbewuyo ndi zinthu zonse zofunika nthawi yachisanu, iyenera kudulidwa kuti ikhale yopendekera ndipo ikonzedwanso m'malo abwino. Ngati simukonzekera kusunga chrysanthemum yamkati, koma ndikungofuna kutaya chomera, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chodulira.

Monga m'munda chrysanthemums, kuchepa kwazinthu zakunyumba ziyenera kuchotsedwa kuti zikule kwambiri.

Thirani ndi gawo lapansi

Pambuyo nyengo yachisanu yozizira ndikuwonekera kwa zizindikiro zoyambirira za kukula, chrysanthemums zam'nyumba ziyenera kuziyika. Aang'ono ndi achinyamata chrysanthemums amafunikira kusintha kwa gawo lapansi. Zachidziwikire, ndizotheka kuti ukazule kwambiri tchire tokhwima pang'ono, koma kusinthika pachaka kumathandiza maluwa.

Poika chrysanthemum, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti chakuya chazomera chimakhalabe chofanana, ndipo ngalande zazitali zimayikidwa pansi. Pambuyo pakuyika, chrysanthemum iliyonse imapereka shading yosavuta komanso kusintha kosinthika ndi malo ozizira kuti agwirizane ndi nyengo zatsopano.

Kusankha gawo lapansi la mbewuzi, mutha kuyima pang'onopang'ono pa dothi lililonse lotayirira komanso lopatsa thanzi. Amakhulupirira kuti chrysanthemum imazika mu dothi lililonse pokhapokha wowawasa. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi wamba lomera ndi zowonjezera za mchenga, zosakanikirana zapadziko lapansi zosakanika, ndi magawo apadera a maluwa. Mukhonzanso kukonzekera chisakanizo cha magawo ofanana a turf lapansi, peat ndi humus.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ma Chrysanthemums sangatchulidwe kuti mbewu zosagwira m'nyumba. Amangolemekezedwa ndi tizirombo, ndipo ngati mumapereka ufulu womaliza, ndiye kuti zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuthana ndi vutoli. Matenda osiyanasiyana kwambiri amapezeka tchire la chrysanthemums nthawi zambiri.

Mwa tizirombo, chrysanthemums amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mphukira, ntchentche za nthaka, nthata za akangaude. Ndipo kuti muthane ndi tizilombo pa mbewu iyi mumafunikira nthawi yomweyo mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupatula chrysanthemum munthawi yake, chifukwa chimawopseza mbewu iliyonse m'nyumba.

Kugawa chrysanthemums zam'nyumba ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zowola, ndi powdery mildew, ndi dzimbiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo, mavuto amakula kokha pazomera zoyambitsidwa ndi kugula kosagula kapena posunga madzi oyenda a gawo lapansi. Ndikofunika kulimbana ndi matenda ndi fungicides ofunikira mozama kanthu.

Kufalikira kwa chrysanthemums zam'nyumba

M'nyumba chrysanthemum mumasungidwanso njira zomwe zimagulidwira ndi inzake. Zomera zitha kugawidwa pang'onopang'ono, kapena mutha kupeza zitsamba zatsopano kuchokera kudulidwe kapena kwa njere.

Pa zodula za chrysanthemums, ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono okha omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ndipo pazochepera, kuti mupange mbewu zatsopano, muyenera kupulumutsa mbewu zanyengo yozizira. Kuti tichite izi, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti nyengo yachisanu ikukwanira ndikudikirira mpaka kasupe akuwonekera. Mukadula chrysanthemum ndikuyiika m'malo abwino kwa miyezi yonse yozizira, mu Marichi imayamba kukula mwachangu. Maluwa akangokulira mpaka 12-15 masentimita, mutha kudula masentimita khumi ndipo nthawi yomweyo mumawaika osakaniza ndi humus ndi peat, owazidwa pamwamba ndi mchenga wakuda. Ma Chrysanthemum odulidwa amabzalidwa osaya, patali pafupifupi 1 cm.Zomera zimapoperedwa ndi madzi, koma osamwetsa, pansi pa filimu kapena galasi zimamera pamalo abwino pa kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 20 Celsius. Mizu yoyambirira ikangotulutsidwa, imabyala m'miphika yaying'ono kamodzi, ndipo pokhapokha mbewu zomwezo zimasinthidwa kumiphika yayikulu kuti ikapeze zitsamba zambiri zophika, nthawi zonse zimayikidwa zingapo mu chidebe chimodzi. Kuti mupeze ma chrysanthemums amkati komanso kutulutsa zipatso, ndikofunikira kuti muwadyetse sabata iliyonse mutatha kuwayika mumphika watsopano wokhala ndi feteleza wovuta ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chitha bwino. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mukalumikiza, mbewu zomwe zimayambitsidwa nthawi zina zimasiyana ndi zoyambirira, chifukwa ma chrysanthemums omwe amathandizidwa ndi zoletsa zokula komanso zopatsa zina zapadera nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa.

Kulekanitsa tchire kumachitika mu Thirani kumayambiriro kwa masika. Zomera, pamene zizindikiro zoyambirira za kukula zimawonekera ndipo zisanasinthidwe kukhala zatsopano, zitha kuchotsedwa mosamala mumphika wakale ndikugawidwa ndi dzanja kapena ndi mpeni wakuthwa mu 2, muzovuta kwambiri, 3, zigawo zazikulu kwambiri. Kuti chrysanthemums isinthane mwachangu, amafunika kupereka kutentha kozizira ndi chinyezi chopepuka cha nthaka pamtunda wambiri. Simungathe kusiyanitsa tchire, koma ingolekanitsani timthumba tating'ono kuchokera ku chomera cha mayi ndikuwabyala mumiphika yaying'ono kuti ikule.

Chrysanthemums zam'nyumba zimafalitsidwa ndi mbewu osati kawirikawiri m'munda. Kubzala kumachitika m'mbale zosaya, m'nthaka isanatulutsidwe, madzi osaneneka okhathamira ndi madzi ofunda ndi nthangala zamera pansi pa filimu kapena galasi bwino komanso labwino, pamtunda wa madigiri 15-18. Kubowola kumachitika mbewuzo zitamasula masamba anayi enieni. Nthawi zambiri mbande za mbewu 2-3 pachomera chilichonse zimayikidwa. Pofuna kuthamangitsa maluwa, mutha kuwabzala m'magulu akulu.