Kudzoza kwa abulu - kuthupi

Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa padziko lathuli, chisangalalo chimakhala malo apadera. Duwa lachiwongola komanso labwino kwambiri kwa zaka zambiri zidayambitsa zochitika zachikondi. Ndakatulo zambiri ndi nyimbo zambiri zidalembedwa za iye. Nthawi zambiri, zovala zimawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha olemekezeka, chiyero ngakhalenso mnzake wa nkhawa.

Kuyambira kale, anthu adazindikira kuwongolera kwa duwa lokongola, kotero adagwiritsa ntchito polimbana ndi matenda. Mphamvu yozizwitsa idapangidwa ndi chomeracho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izitengeke pamsewu kapena kusungidwa ngati chuma chakunyumba. Malinga ndi nthano zachi Greek, duwa limawonedwa ngati gawo la munthu ndipo limawonetsera mawonekedwe abwino.

Kuyang'ana bwino duwa labwino

Zabwino bwanji kuti anthu osamala akuyang'ana mosamala pa ufumu wazomera wotizungulira. Kusilira kwawo kumaonekera mu nyimbo ndi ndakatulo zomwe zimangokhala pakamwa pa mibadwo ingapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Nchiyani chimakopa makopa oyamba okha? Kugwirizana kwake.

Chochititsa chidwi, duwa limatchedwa "carnation" ndi ofufuza azomera aku Germany. Chomwe chidapangitsa izi chinali fungo labwino kwambiri lomwe limatulutsa chomera chofanana ndi zonunkhira zakumaso za kansalu. M'malo mwake, palibe chilichonse chofanana pakati pa mbewu.

Katswiri wazodziwika bwino wa zakuthambo waku Sweden a Karl Liney, yemwe amasilira maluwa osadziwika bwino, adamupatsa dzina "Dianthus". Omasuliridwa ku Russian, amatanthauza "duwa laumulungu." Mpaka pano, m'malo achilengedwe, pali mitundu yopitilira 300 yosiyanasiyana. Zonsezi zimayesedwa ngati mbewu zapachaka, zamzungu ndi zamuyaya zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Chokhacho chomwe chimawagwirizanitsa ndi kukongola kwa masamba apamwamba.

Kufufuza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu, akatswiri a sayansi atulukira kuti maluwa a clove ndi awa:

mu mtundu umodzi;
mu mawonekedwe a mantha;
masomphenya okongola;
ang'ono;
chachikulu;
zosavuta;
terry;
ndi fungo labwino;
wopanda fungo;
ndi miyala yosalala;
ndi maupangiri opindika a inflorescences.

Kapu ya bud imakhala ndi silinda yaying'ono. Pamtunda pake pali miyala isanu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Amazungulira stamen okongola khumi ndi pestle limodzi. Phale lililonse lili ndi maziko velvet, m'mphepete mwake omwe amakongoletsedwa ndi mphonje zoyambirira. Duwa labwino kwambiri!

Mphukira weniweni

mawonekedwe osalala;
udzu;
ndi kukhalapo kwa mabingu;
osakwatiwa;
ndi nthambi zambiri;
olemekezeka pang'ono.

Amakula timapepala ta mzere tokhala moyang'anizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yobiriwira. M'mitundu ina, ndimtundu wa udzu, ena - obiriwira amdima. Koma onse amaphimbidwa ndi zokutira siliva.

Nthawi ya maluwa ikadutsa, zipatso zimawoneka ngati mabokosi ang'onoang'ono pachomera. Ali ndi njere zambiri zofiirira zakuda kapena zofiirira. Chochititsa chidwi, amatha kukhala ozungulira, ozungulira kapena kupindika. Koma izi sizikhudza kumera kwa njere, iliyonse yaiwo imakhala ndi chidziwitso cha mitundu yoyambirira ya zovala.

Duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuyang'anira dimba. Amakongoletsedwa ndi malire, minda yamwala, mabedi amaluwa ndi kapinga. Mtengowo umakula bwino kudzera m'mphepete mwa masamba ake, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala zokongola kwambiri pamsewu.

Ukulu waufumu wakukhazikika

Nthawi zonse tikakumana ndi zodzikongoletsa m'njira, timawona kukongola kwake kopambana. Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu ingapo ya maluwa odabwitsa awa. Mutapenda zina mwa izo, mutha kuyamikiranso chomera cha regal.

Kondani udzu

Ngakhale maluwa okongola a maluwa akuthengo azikongoletsa mabedi, udzu wamtchire sikuwoneka wokongola. Udzu wamtambo wagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chokongoletsera chamunda kwanthawi yayitali. Olemba mbiri amati idakulidwa pamabedi az maluwa a mafumu otchuka ku Europe nthawi yathu isanakwane.

Chomera chosatha chakhala chikukula bwino kwazaka 6 m'gawo limodzi la munda. Imakhala ndi mphukira zambiri pafupifupi 40 cm, yokutidwa ndi masamba abwino a spiky. Kutalika kwa pepala lama microscopic mpaka 100 mm. Kuchokera kunja zikuwoneka kuti awa ndi singano zobiriwira. M'malo mwake, sikuti amalankhula mwachinyengo, koma m'malo mofewa kukhudza. Phesi iliyonse imavala chisoti chachifumu chaching'ono, chamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Masamba ambiri ndi opinki komanso opepuka.

M'malo omwe udzu wa clove umamera, dothi limakutidwa kwathunthu ndi kapeti owala bwino. Ndi chifukwa chamalonda awa kuti chomera chomera chamtengochi chimakhala chamtengo wapatali.

M'malo otentha a dziko lapansi, zovala zimayamba kutseguka pa 15 June. Nyengo yofunda imalimbikitsa mbewu zamaluwa kwa masiku 45. Pafupifupi chilimwe chochuluka, mutha kusangalala ndi maluwa obiriwira owongolera.

Zokongoletsa zaku Turkey

Nthawi zambiri mtundu uwu umatchedwa "bearded", chifukwa masamba ake oyambirira ndi "cilia". Zodzikongoletsera zaku Turkey zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzichi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zitsamba zowongoka ndi mfundo zazing'ono. Amapezeka m'litali lonse la mphukirowo, mpaka kutalika kwa 75 cm. Masamba ofunda a lanceolate ndi obiriwira komanso ofiira kapena ofiira.

Masamba onunkhira angapo a cloves aku Turkey ndi osavuta kapena terry. Amasonkhanitsidwa m'malo amiyala ya corymbose:

zoyera
zonona;
pinki
ofiira
lilac;
motley.

Zomera zimayamba kuphuka pakati pa chilimwe, kusangalatsa mafani ake mpaka nthawi yophukira. Pakulima, mitundu yambiri yamaveke aku Turkey amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ngati pali chifuno chofuna kukulitsa maluwa amtunduwu pabedi la maluwa, ayenera kudziwa kanthu kofunikira. Minda yambiri imagwiritsa ntchito ana azaka ziwiri. Chifukwa chake, munyengo yoyamba, malo okhazikika okhazikitsidwa ndi mizu m'munda. Ma Buddha adzawonekera mchaka chimodzi chokha.

Clove shabo

Zomera zoyambirira zamtundu wamakono zidawonekera chifukwa cha ntchito yoyenderana ya obereketsa. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, mtengowu udabedwa ndi dokotala wazamankhwala waku France dzina lake Chabot m'zaka za zana la 19. Masiku ano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku horticulture ku Europe, Asia ndi kumpoto kwa Africa. Imatha kupulumuka bwino pamadothi achonde ndikakhala ndi madzi.

Carnation Shabo ndi chitsamba chamaluwa ndi rhizome wamphamvu. Amabowola timabowo tofika mpaka 60 masentimita kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba ndipo amaphimbidwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono a masamba obiriwira, pafupifupi 12 cm.

Malangizo a mphukira zachisangalalo pakati pa chilimwe, masamba kapena theka-la terry la mtundu uwu lotseguka:

choyera, mkaka, beige;
chikasu, mandimu, lalanje;
pinki yotuwa komanso yowala;
ofiira, ofiira komanso magazi.

Mbale za Shabo clove zimasiyanitsidwa ndi malo okhala ndi mizere yokhotakhota. Zophatikiza zodziwika bwino kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka pakatikati pake ndi izi:

Jeanne Dionysus;
Mfumukazi ya pinki;
Aurora
Mfumu yamoto
Champagne

Popeza mmera sufunika kuchita zambiri pamene mukukula, wamaluwa ambiri amawukonda.

Zachitetezo zachitchaina

Mu chilengedwe, duwa limapezeka pamiyala yamiyala ya kumpoto kwa China, Korea ndi Chimong. Mitundu Yobzala imabzalidwa kuti ipange madera anu pandekha, m'mapaki amzindawu ndi mabedi az maluwa akunja.

Carnation achi China ndi maluwa osatha a shrub omwe amakula kutalika mpaka 50 cm.

Mphukira zambiri zopindika zimakutidwa ndi masamba opapatiza. Nthawi zina, chifukwa cha kutalika kwake, amapotoza pang'ono, zomwe zimawapatsa kukongoletsa kwapadera.

Mphukira zazikuluzikulu zimapezeka paupangiri wa zomerazi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala payekha komanso utoto wapinki, yoyera komanso burgundy. Ziweto zambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala. Malangizo ofunikira okhala ndi mawonekedwe osadziwika. Duwa kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June ndipo limaphuka bwino mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti.

Clove Clove

Chomera chofatsa chobiriwira chomwe chimamera mwachilengedwe pamapiri ndi kumapiri a mayiko aku Europe, chimakopa malingaliro a anthu ambiri. Ma clove a Cirrus ali ndi mizu ya fibrous ndipo mphukira womata wokhala ndi timiyendo tating'ono. Pa masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira ofunikira osanjidwa amaikidwa panjira.

Ma inflorescence ndi osavuta kapena pawiri. Kupha kamodzi kapena mawonekedwe amtundu wamagetsi inflorescence. Mtundu, amapezeka:

pinki;
zoyera
wofiirira
reds.

Pamwamba pamipuyo poyambirira adazolowera pafupifupi theka kutalika kwake. Mtundu uwu wa bud umapangitsa ma cloves kukhala apadera komanso okongola. Kutulutsa kwamaluwa kumapeto mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe ndipo kumakondweretsa mafani ake mpaka pakati pake. Duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mabedi am'mizinda ndi mapaki.

Chovala cha singano

Dongosolo labwino kwambiri la maluwa osatha limasiyanitsidwa ndi mizu yoyambira, yomwe imatha kukula mwachangu. Zotsatira zake ndi zitsamba zooneka ngati maluwa. Carnation yokhala ndi singano m'chilengedwe imamera m'zigwa ndi mapiri, kumapiri ndi miyala.

Chachilendo chowonera ndi kupezeka kwa mbale zolimba. Pafupifupi, kutalika kwawo kumafika 30 mm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi 1 mm. Ngakhale masamba ang'onoang'ono awa, masamba a chomera ndi akulu komanso onunkhira. Amasonkhanitsidwa mu mantha a corymbose inflorescence. Mauva amawoneka koyambirira kwa chilimwe ndipo akupitiliza kuphuka mpaka pakati pa Julayi.

Mchenga wokongoletsa

Duwa losatha mwachidwi limakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu kwambiri pansi panthaka yomwe imatulutsa maluwa. Mphukira zimapangidwa pamtunda wamtali, pang'ono nthambi 30 cm. Mtundu uliwonse wamtundu wa inflorescence wa mchenga wamchenga umakhala wosiyana kwambiri ndikufanana ndi mphonje yobiriira. Maluwa amapaka utoto wapinki kapena loyera.

Mtengowu umapezeka chapakati komanso kum'mawa kwa Europe, Caucasus ndi Primorsky Territory. Limamasula nthawi yayitali - kuyambira Juni koyambirira mpaka Seputembara. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mabedi amaluwa am'matauni, m'magumbi achilimwe komanso malo obiriwira a malo oyandikira.

Malaya amunda wamaluwa (Dutch)

Gululi limaphatikizapo mitundu yayitali yazotengera, yomwe imatalika masentimita 80. Pa phesi lalitali kwambiri, masamba owoneka ngati mkaka amatha kuwoneka. Masamba akuluakulu a cloves m'munda amapanga chipewa chobiriwira cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zosankha zina zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu imodzi. Kwa zaka mazana asanu ndi limodzi, obereketsa amabzala mitundu yatsopano ya maunda a m'munda, kotero lero alipo ambiri.

Chimodzi mwa izo ndi nthambi zamitengo. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa onunkhira, omwe ndi:

zoyera
reds;
pinki.

Chekecha chodzala chimamera mpaka 60 cm, kotero nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa. Limamasuka kwa miyezi inayi, kenako chipatso chodzala ndi zipatso.

Zachilengedwe

Chomera chokongola chamuyaya chimakula pafupifupi ku Europe. Imapezeka munkhalango zamtchire komanso malo otentha kwambiri. Carnation yaminda imakhala ndi mizu yolimba, pomwe nthambi zomata zimatalika ndi kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 40. Nthambi zawo zimakongoletsedwa ndi masamba osavuta. Mitundu yofewa imakhala yocheperako. Mphepete zopanda pake zomwe zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri.

Clove limamasula kuyambira masiku oyambira chilimwe. Masamba omaliza amapezeka pakati pa Ogasiti. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imapanga diso pafupifupi nyengo yonseyo.

Zovala zotupa

Chovala chobiriwira chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wapadera, chifukwa mawonekedwe ake owonda amawonekera mokongola ngati mawonekedwe amphepo. Imakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 50. Zoyambira zake zonenepa zimakutidwa ndi masamba lanceolate, pomwe mitsempha yopyapyala imawonekera.

Mphukira zowongolera zimapakidwa zoyera kapena zofiirira. M'mphepete mwa miyala ya pamakhala odulidwa bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa duwa kukhala chithumwa chapadera. Duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe, chifukwa zoyera zoyera zimaphatikizidwa ndi mitundu ina ya dimba. P maluwa, mbewu zimatulutsa fungo labwino, zomwe zimapangitsa anthu kukhala achifundo ndi chilengedwe cha nyumba.

Malangizo pobzala maluwa okongola

Mutasanthula mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ma clove, mutha kuwona kuti duwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukongoletsa nyumba zam'nyumba zamalimwe. Koma, ngakhale ndizosinthidwa zamitundu yamtunduwu, mitundu yamtchire ndiyotsimikizika chimodzimodzi. Pakati pawo, clove udzu ndi munda wa clove. Popeza mwakulitsa mitundu iyi kumunda wamtsogolo mdziko lino, mutha kuwonjezera zolemba zamtundu wamitundu yanu.

Kubzala ndikusamalira udzu wanthawi zonse wa udzu, chithunzi chake chomwe chimathandiza kuiwona muulemerero wake wonse, chimaphatikizapo ntchito izi:

kufesa mbewu;
njira zodula;
kuthirira panthawi yake:
pamwamba kuvala dothi.

Musanadzafese mbewu za maunda a kutchire, ndikofunikira kukonza dothi. Kuti tichite izi, timatetezedwa ndi njira zapadera kuphera tizirombo tomwe timatha. Kenako, mchenga umawonjezeredwa kunthaka, osakanikirana ndipo muli zing'onozing'ono zodzadza. Pambuyo pake, mutha kubzala udzu wa clove. Sungani miphika bwino m'chipinda chofunda pa kutentha kosachepera madigiri 16. Zikamera zikamera ndikulimba, zimabzyala pamalo okhazikika m'malo okhala.

Kukonza dothi ndi kufesa mbewu kumayamba kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Chifukwa cha izi, mbande ikhale yokonzekera chilimwe, pamene kuwopseza chisanu kudzachepetsedwa.

Kubzala udzu mu njira ya Cherenkov kumaphatikizapo njira zotsatirazi:

kudula;
kubereka pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo;
kugawa tchire.

Zidula zimayamba kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, kusankha mbewu zoyenera. Ayenera kutalika mpaka 10 cm. Amadula pakona, kuchotsa masamba am'munsi ndikuyika phesi mu chidebe ndi dothi. Pambuyo kuthirira kwambiri, chidebecho chimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena agrofibre. Mbeu zikauma, imabzidwa pamalopo.

Njira yodzala masamba a udzu wa udzu pogwiritsa ntchito masanjidwe samagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, chifukwa izi zimafuna kutalika kwa mbewu. Ngati pali chilichonse, chimachitika chakuchulukirachulukira mkati ndi kukumbidwa ndi dothi. Chifukwa chakuthirira kwambiri, mizu imaphuka pamtengowo. Tsopano ikhoza kukumbidwa ndikubzala patsamba latsopano.

Gawoli la cloves la udzu mwina njira yabwino kwambiri yobzala chomera. Njira iyi ndi yosavuta: gawo la chitsamba limagawanikana ndikubzala m'gawo latsopano. Kutsirira kwakukulu ndi zokongoletsa zakula kale m'munda wamtsogolo.

Kuti chomera chikuyambira mchaka choyamba cha kukokoloka, njira yogawa ma tchire imachitika bwino m'zaka khumi za Marichi.

Popeza chomera cha udzu chimakhala chosavomerezeka, ndikokwanira kumupatsa madzi okwanira komanso kuvala nthawi yayitali pamtunda. Mkhalidwe waukulu ndikuwongolera chinyezi kuti mizu ya ma clove isawola.

Momwemonso, kubzala ndi kusamalira macheke amuyaya wamundawo kumachitika. Kuti chomera chikule bwino ngati kuli kotheka m'dera lanyanjali, ndibwino kuti chiwabzalire m'malo otentha. Kavalidwe kabwinoko koyenera komanso kuthirira nthawi zonse kumathandiza mbewuyo kukhala yabwino nyengo yonseyo. Kuphatikiza apo, mukupangiratu kuchotsa masamba ochokera kumizu kuti mphukira zithandizire kuti chomera chizika mizu. M'nyengo yozizira, zovala zimaphimbidwa, makamaka ngati m'derali mulibe chipale chofewa.