Mtundu wa cyclamen waku Persia kapena ku Europe wogulidwa ku malo ogulitsira samakhala wokhazikika pawindo. Zomera za kulima mafakitale, kudyetsedwa mokwanira ndi zopatsa mphamvu, nthawi zambiri zimafa zitatha maluwa, zomwe zimatenga mphamvu zonse za tuber. Kodi munthu angagwire bwino ntchito kufalitsa maluwa kuchokera kumbewu?
Sazolowera nyumba zapansi zam'mizinda, zomwe zimasiyana mosiyana ndi malo obiriwira, ndipo nthawi zina amafunikira kuyesayesa kwamphamvu kukatha miyezi ingapo atakhala pabalaza pasitolo. Kuphatikiza apo, mbewu zotere Nthawi zambiri matendawa amafa: matipi, nkhupakupa, nsabwe za m'masamba.
Ma cyclamens apanyumba amakhala atasinthidwa kale mikhalidwe ya nyumbayo, samakhala wambiri ndipo akutsimikiziridwa kuti azikhala oyera ku matenda ndi tizirombo. Mbeu zazing'ono zimaphuka kumapeto kwa chaka choyamba cha moyo. Chifukwa chake, ndizomveka kuyesa kubzala ndikukula chomera kuchokera pa mbewu.
Momwe mbewu ingabzalidwe
Njira yosavuta yobzala maluwa ndikugula mbewu mu shopu yamaluwa. Komabe, ngati muli ndi cyclamen kunyumba, mutha kuchita popanda mbewu zanu pachomera chanu.
Mukamagula mbewu mu sitolo, simukudziwa kuti duwa lidakhala labwino bwanji komanso ngati ndi Cyclamen.Ndikosavuta kupanga chiphuphu chokhala ndi maluwa, chifukwa mumangofunika mungu. Kwa thanzi la mbande, ndibwino ngati pollination adzakhala mtanda. Kuchokera ma cyclamens awiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kupezeka okongola kwambiri komanso osiyana ndi makolo hybrids.
Koma ngati mukufuna kukhalabe ndi makhalidwe onse osiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kupukutira mungu ndi mungu wake.
Kupangidwira kumachitika mu Disembala -Februwari, pakati pa nyengo yamaluwa achilengedwe. Ndikofunika kuchita izi m'mawa. Kuyika pa maluwa akutulutsa maluwa, pukutirani munguwo, womwe umakhala pamipenga ya maluwa oyandikana nawo.
Pofuna kupukutira mtanda, ndikofunikira kutola mungu ndi nsonga ya mache ndikusonkha zipatso zamaluwa. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti mukupukuta mungu, muyenera kubwereza njirayi 5-7.
Duwa lopukutidwa bwino limafota msanga, ndikusiyira bokosi lozungulira lomwe limadzaza ndi bulauni, njere zozungulira. Kutengera ndi nyengo yakukula kwathunthu kwa njere, zimatenga masiku 90 mpaka 140, kutentha kwambiri panthawiyi ndi pafupifupi madigiri + 20 masana ndi pafupi +12 usiku.
Maulendo oyendayenda okhala ndi mabokosi amayamba nthawi, ndikutsamira pansi. Kucha makapisozi osweka, motero ndikwabwino kuzisankha posakhalitsa kuti zipse.
Kuti muwone mbewu yabwino, muyenera kukonzekera njira ya shuga ya 5% ndikuthira mbewu. Zomwe zimamera sizimera, kumira pansi - yoyenera kumera.
Mbewu sizitaya kumera kwa nthawi yayitali, zimatha kusungidwa kwa zaka zitatu. Kuphatikizanso apo, mbewu zomwe zimamera pambewu zomwe zinatulutsidwa zaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka ziwiri zapitazo zimaphukira msanga komanso mochulukirapo kuposa mbande zomwe zidabadwa kumene.
Cyclamen yolimidwa siyimadalira kutalika kwa masana kutengera kholo lawo lakutchire, kuti ngakhale mbewuzo sizinagulidwe pa nthawi yake, mutha kuzilala mu nthaka osadikira kasupe. Ndikofunikira kuti muwapatse kutentha koyenera.
Bzalani cyclamen
Mbeu zamaluwa zimakhala ndi mphamvu yokumera, yomwe imatsika pang'onopang'ono nthawi. Ngakhale mbewu zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zimamera ndi kuthekera kwa 70-80 peresenti. Chifukwa chake, powayang'ana ndi yankho la shuga, mutha kukhala otsimikiza kuti mbewu zazing'ono zidzawoneka.
Chonde dziwani kuti kudzipha wopanda dothi labwino kwambiri kumathandiza kuti Cyclamen iphukireAsanadzalemo nthangala m'nthaka, ayenera kuziviika tsiku limodzi mu yankho la Epin, potaziyamu potanganamu, kapena m'madzi ofunda. Dothi lodzala liyenera kukhala lopepuka, lamchenga, pansi pa thankiyo pakufunika madzi okwanira - mizu ya cyclamens ndiyachidule.
Dziko lapansi ndilofunikira katemera kapena kutaya madzi otentha chifukwa chakupha matenda. Mbewu imayikidwa pafupifupi sentimita imodzi mu dothi lonyowa, mulingo woyenera pakati pawo ndi masentimita awiri ndi atatu.
Mapiritsi a peat amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lapansi. Koma, popeza kukula kwa mapiritsi ndi ochepa, ndikofunikira kuwunikira mosamala kuti asafafanizidwe.
Mbewu zimakhala ndi chinthu chimodzi chofunikira ndikamamera: pamtunda wotentha, mbande zimamera pang'onopang'ono kuposa zocheperapo. Kuwapatsa kutentha pafupifupi +15 madigiri, ayenera kudikirira kutumphuka m'mwezi umodzi, ngati atapitirira +20 madigiri, mbewu zazing'ono zimawonekera pakatha miyezi iwiri kapena itatu.
Ngakhale cyclamen ndi yabwino kutentha, kutentha kwambiri kungalepheretse kukula kwa mbeuKuphatikiza apo, nthawi yomwe kumera kwa mbeu zimatengera zosiyanasiyana - zina mwa izo amatha "kugona" mpaka miyezi 4-5.
Malamulo a kubzala mbewu za cyclamen yaku Persia ndi European ali pafupifupi ofanana, kusiyana kokhako kwakukulu ndi nyengo yamaluwa yachinyamata. Loyamba limaphukira nthawi yozizira, lachiwiri liziwonetsa ma peduncles chilimwe.
Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mbewu za cyclamen ziyenera kusungidwa mumdima mpaka kumera, koma sizili choncho. Ndikwabwino kuvumbula muli ndi dothi padzuwa, kuti mphukira zomwe zimawoneka nthawi yomweyo zizigwera bwino bwino.
Kusamalira mbande kunyumba
Zomera zazing'ono muyenera kupereka kutenthaKuwala kokwanira, koma kuyatsa kwakanthawi komanso nthawi yake, komabe, osalola kusunthika kwa madzi othirira. Ndi chinyezi chambiri, amakhala pachiwopsezo cha matenda a fungus.
Nyemba ya cyclamen imatenga koyamba mutu, kenako ikatulutsa tsamba loyamba. Choyamba, phula lofiirira la petiole limayamba, kenako tsamba lokha, lomwe limakutidwa ndi khungu la mbewu ya mpendadzuwa.
Nthawi zambiri pepalali silingathe kusunthidwa palokha, makamaka pakakhala chinyezi chosakwanira m'chipindacho, kotero nthawi zina zimayenera kuchotsedwa ndi ma telabeta, popeza kale linali lonyowa pang'ono.
Ngakhale chinsalu chiwonongeka. mmera sudzafa, izi zingachedwetse kukula kwake.
Miyezi itatu yoyambilira, mmera umamera tuber, osataya masamba, ndipo pambuyo pake masamba atatuwo atayamba kupezeka. Nthawiyi ndi yovuta kwambiri kwa ana ang'onoang'ono, ndikofunikira kuti isamawume ndikuwathira.
| Malamulo a cyclamen Dive | ||
| Choyamba sankhani | masamba awiri kapena atatu akamakula | Ikani mbewu 2-3 mumphika umodzi |
| Chachiwiri | miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pambuyo pake | Bzalani m'matanki ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi dothi lotayirira |
| Ndikofunikira | Pakusankha kwachiwiri, tuber iyenera kukhala yachitatu khalani pamwamba pa nthaka | |
Cores wofesedwa kumene, mosiyana ndi toyesa wamkulu, samapuma chilimwe, nthawi ino akukula mwachangu. Ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, amatha kudyetsedwa koyamba ndi njira yofooka ya feteleza wovuta wokhala ndi zochepa za nayitrogeni.
Amakhulupirira kuti kukonzekera kunyumba kumathandizira kukula kwa mbande za CyclamenKupanga maluwa okongola a masamba, ndibwino kuyika mbewuyo m'chipindacho. Mbande siziopa kusanja, chifukwa chake ndichabwino kuyatsira chipinda chomwe amakhala.
Ma cyclamens achichepere achi Persian nthawi zambiri amapanga mapesi a maluwa ali ndi zaka 13 mpaka 14, aku Europe - chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu. Maluwa oyambilira samakhala ochuluka nthawi zonse: mbewu imapeza mphamvu popanga maluwa kokha kwa lachiwiri kapena lachitatu maluwa.
Nthawi zambiri imakhala yofooka, ikamakula pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku mbewu zazing'ono zomwe zimapanga maluwa okongola kwambiri, awiriawiri, achikuda. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kukana mbewu zazing'ono, kuyang'ana mphamvu yakukula ndi kukula kwa mmera.
Zina pofalitsa cyclamen yaku Persia
Kubzala masamba sikupereka zinthu zochuluka kubzala, komabe, chitha kuonetsetsa kuti zilembo zamtunduwu ndizosungidwa bwino, ndipo chachiwiri, chikukulolani kuti muthe chomera chantchito champhamvu chovuta.
Cyclamen ikhoza kubereka motere:
Kukula masamba kunyumba: kukula duwa
Tsamba lomwe limakhala ndi petiole, ngati la Saintpaulia kapena gloxinia, silimakhala mu cyclamen: mutayimirira madzi kwakanthawi. akayamba kuvunda. Kuti muzuze tsamba, muyenera kuisankha posankha kachidutswa kakang'ono ka tuber kuchokera pansi, kapena kusankha tsamba lomwe lili ndi "zala" - zophukira zazing'onoting'ono zazika mizu pa petiole.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mwanjira iyi ndi cyclamen yokha yaku Europe yomwe ingafalitsidwe, masamba achi Persia, ngakhale ndi chidutswa cha tuber, alibe mizu, ndipo alibe "zala". Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kuvulala kwa tuber ndi chinyezi chambiri kumadzaza ndi zowola.
Mukafalitsa ndi tsamba, musathamangire kuchotsa mbali ya tuber ndi tsamba - choyamba pezani mtundu wa Cyclamen kunyumba kwanuKusamalira ana ang'onoang'ono kuchokera ku tsamba yofanana ndi kusamalira mmera wakula - kwambiri, koma osati kuthirira mopitirira muyeso, kuwala kowala, kokudalitsa ndikupanga mapangidwe ozizira. Osangokhala maluwa okhaokha omwe angafalitsidwe ndi tsamba - mwachitsanzo, takuuzani kale momwe mungafalitsire violet kuchokera ku tsamba kuti duwa lisadwale.
Zomera zofalitsa: komwe muyenera kubzala
Mkulu wamkulu wa tuber nthawi zambiri samapereka rosette imodzi yamasamba, koma angapo. Rosette yotereyi imadulidwa bwino kapena kudulidwamo ndi mbali yaying'ono ya tuber, kenako ndikabzyala m'nthaka kuti ilime chomera chatsopano.
Kuti mizu yake ikhale yabwino, imayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo patatha milungu ingapo imayamba kudzala tuber yayo. Simungathe kuswa zitsulo zonse kuchokera ku tuber ya amayiWosiyidwa wopanda masamba okula, adzafa.
European cyclamen imapereka malo ochulukirapo kuposa Persian, kotero nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa motere. Kuphatikiza pa rosettes, amapatsanso timinofu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timabzala, tomwe timabzala kuchokera kwa mayi chomera panthawi yopanda. Persian siziwapatsa.
Kugawanitsa kwa Tuber: zoopsa mukamakula
Pakugawika, tuber yayikulu kwambiri komanso yolimba yokhala ndi rosette yayikulu ya masamba ndiyofunikira. Ndikupanga ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tuber timadula pakati, ma halaliwo amauma, kuwaza ndi sulufule kapena kolala wosweka, kenako ndikumabzidwa m'nthaka yotsala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Simungathiritse madzi nthawi yomweyo - mu maluwa, kuvulala kwa tuber nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewuAnabzala halves za tuber sayenera kuthiriridwa m'masiku ochepa kuti tipewe kuwola. Monga ma tubers okhazikika athanzi, mumawafunikira osakumba mokwanirandikusiya pafupifupi chitatu pamwamba panthaka.
Kuthirira koyamba kwa mbewu zomwe zidapezedwa pogawa tuber kapena mizu yotsekera bwino kumachitika bwino ndi madzi owiritsa - izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.
Ngakhale kuti mbande zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga michere ndizolimba kuposa ma cyclamen kuchokera ku mbewu, pachimake kale ndikukula kwambiri mizu yolimba, masamba ndi masamba sizimakhala zokhazikitsidwa, ndipo mukagawa tuber, mbali zonse ziwiri zimatha kufa, kugwa bakiteriya zowola kapena choipitsa mochedwa.
Chifukwa chake, kufalitsa mbewu ndikodalirika komanso kotetezeka, ndipo ndizomveka kukhazikikamo, makamaka ikafika ku cyclamen ya ku Persia.
Kwa European Cyclamen muyenera kusankha njira yotetezeka kwambiriEuropean cyclamen, yomwe mbande zake zimamera patangotha zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, zimafalitsidwa bwino kwambiri ndi maina a mwana wamkazi - izi sizowopseza thanzi la mbewu ya mayi, mosiyana ndi kugawanika kwa tuber ndi kupatukana kwa rosettes.
