Plum ndi mtengo wokhazikika komanso wowonda. Komabe, simungathe kuchita popanda kudulira, apo ayi nthambi zambiri zatsopano zidzaonekera, koronayo adzakuwonjeza ndipo zipatso zimachepa. Chifukwa chake, kudulira plums m'dzinja ndi masika ndiyofunika kwa wamaluwa omwe akufuna mtengo wabwino, wobala zipatso.
Kodi ndiyenera kudulira maula
Plum - mtengo mpaka 15 m kutalika ndi korona wa ovoid, nthawi yomwe zipatso zake zimakhala zaka 10-15, koma zitha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka zana limodzi
Woyambitsa munda atha kusankha kuti palibe chifukwa chodulira maula - mtengo uwu ndi wopendekeka, wosafuna kukula. Koma nthawi yomweyo, korona wake amakula mwachangu ndipo nthambi zimapindika.
Mu zaka zoyambirira, izi zitha kuwoneka ngati zophatikiza. Mu plums, mwachangu kuposa mitengo ina yazipatso, kuchuluka kofunikira pakupanga zipatso kumapangidwa, zipatso zoyambirira zimawonekera kale, ndipo zokolola zimakula mwachangu.
Koma patatha zaka 4-5, malo opanda kanthu adzaonekera mkati mwa korona, ndipo pamphepete pomwe nthambi zimayamba kunenepa, kukhala zazitali kwambiri komanso zopyapyala, zipatso zambiri ndi masamba ambiri "zikhazikika" pamenepo. Zokolola sizikhala zosagwirizana, zipatso zimaphwanyidwa, ndipo mawonekedwe ake adzaipiraipira. Nthambi zatsopano zabwino sizisiya kuwoneka. Kuphatikiza apo, maula sangakhale osakhazikika kuzizira, amatha kufota ndikufa.
Kudulira koyenera kumathandiza kuti mtengowo ukhale wathanzi, kubereka zipatso kwanthawi yayitali, kukulitsa mtundu wa mbewu ndikupereka mawonekedwe abwino.
Kodi kubzala - masika kapena yophukira
Kudulira kwa ma plums ndi koyenera kwambiri madera okhala ndi nyengo yofunda, yofunda, m'malo ozizira bwino ndikofunika kusunthira ku kasupe
Mwachikhalidwe, mitengo ya maula imadulidwa kumapeto kwa Seputembala mpaka Okutobala kapena kumapeto kwa Marichi-Epulo, nthawi zina kudulira kumachitidwanso pakati pa chilimwe kuti mtengowo ukhozetsa mbewu popanda nthambi zosweka. Nthawi ya njirayi zimatengera:
- kuchokera ku mtundu wa chepetsa;
- nyengo ya dera;
- zaka za mtengo.
Kudulira koyamba kumachitika mu nthawi ya masika, kumakonzekeretsa mtengowu nthawi yanthambi ndikuphatikizira:
- kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mpikisano;
- mapangidwe a mafupa ndi korona.
Kudulira kwa masika kukupambana ngati nyengo yokulira sichinayambe, ndipo chisanu sichikuwopsezanso mtengo.
Kudulira plums mu kugwa kukonzekera nthawi yozizira ndi njira yachiwiri yofunika kwambiri itatha masamba masika. Itha kuyambitsidwa pokhapokha mtengo utasiya masamba ake - ichi ndichizindikiro cha kutha kwa nyengo yokulira. Komabe, sizoyenera kuchedwa ndi kudulira, zipatso zoyambirira zimatha kugunda mosayembekezereka. Nthambi zomwe zimachotsedwa ndi:
- youma
- Wawonongeka
- kukula kwambiri;
- kukhudzidwa ndi matenda kapena tizirombo;
- opikisana pachaka omwe amachepetsa korona.
Ngati mtengo pamwamba wafika pamamita 2.5, nthawi yophukira amathanso kuchotsedwa.
M'dzinja, mphukira zapachaka za mtengo wachidule zimafupikitsidwa ndi 1/3.
Nthambi zakubadwa za mitengo yakale ziwiri bwino ndizosiyidwa. Dulani nthambi zimawotchedwa kuti tizilombo tosiyanasiyana touluka tisatulutse m'mundawo kasupe.
Mndandanda wazida ndi zida
Ngati dimba ndi laling'ono, kudulira kumakwanira
Kuti muchepetse maula, muyenera zida zapamwamba komanso zapamwamba:
- Malo okhala nthambi mpaka 25mm. Mtundu wodutsa apa ndi wabwino kwa nthambi zanthete, mtundu woyipirawo ndi wa zouma.
- Wolekerera nthambi zofika 50mm mulifupi movutikira kufikira malo. Zomata zazitali zimakupatsani mwayi kuti mulowe nduwira yofewa.
- Munda waung'ono komanso wamkulu (wamtundu wa hacksaw) wokhala ndi nthambi zokulirapo 50 mm (wakufa ndi wowuma)
- Mpeni wa m'munda wa mabre ndi maampu.
Zowona ndi mabala zimafunikira kuthandizidwa ndi mitundu yaminda - konzekerani pasadakhale.
Pakadulira nthawi yophukira
Kudulira mitengo yaulaamu kumachitika malinga ndi nyengo yam'deralo.
Gome: madeti a kudula kwa nyengo yophukira mwa madera a Russia
| Dera | Mtundu wokonzera | Nthawi |
| Nyanja Yakuda, kumwera kwa dera la Volga, Crimea, Kuban | Zolemba, zoyang'anira, zaukhondo komanso zotsutsa kukalamba | Theka lachiwiri la Seputembara - koyambirira kwa Okutobala |
| Msewu wapakati (kuphatikizapo malo oyandikana nawo) | Zaukhondo, zowongolera | Pakatikati |
| Gawo lakumpoto (Ural, Siberia) | Zaukhondo, zowongolera | Theka loyamba - pakati pa Seputembala |
Kuti muthane, mtengowo umafunikira miyezi 1-2 nyengo yozizira isanayambike, choncho yang'anirani zolosera zamtsogolo ndikuwongolera dongosolo lakudulira.
Malangizo a Pang'onopang'ono
Kuti mudulira mitengo ya maula ya mibadwo yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu, njira yofunikira ndiyofunikira.
Dongosolo la mapangidwe korona wa achinyamata plums
Nthawi yoyamba kuti maula adulidwe pamene mukubzala mbande wazaka 1-2 m'dothi. Izi zimachitika kuti mizu mutatha kupanikizika imatha kupereka nthambi za chigoba ndi michere.
Kodi kudulira koyamba kwa ma plum achinyamata kukuyenda bwanji:
- Yeretsani thunthu kuchokera kumbali zakumaso 50 cm kuchokera pansi ndikudula 1.5 m kuchokera pansi.
- Dulani nthambi zotsala.
Chaka chotsatira, konzani thunthu kuposa impso yayikulu kwambiri. 2-3 pachaka, chotsani kukula kwa nthambi zammbali, komanso zosweka, zodwala komanso zopingasa. Kuyambira wazaka 3, kudula thunthu kamodzi pachaka kuti kutalika kwake kusapitirire 2,5 m, ndipo kukula ndikuwongoka komanso kolondola.
Pangani korona mu mawonekedwe a piramidi pansi
Kupirira kukalamba kwa mitengo yakale
Pazizindikiro zoyambirira zakukula komanso kuchepa kwa zokolola kumtunda kwa korona, kukhetsa kumafunanso kukonzanso. Kudulira kwa kukalamba kwa nthawi yophukira kumachitika motere:
- Dulani nthambi zodwala, zofota, zowonongeka komanso mpikisano. Wolocha korona mchaka, kusiya achinyamata kukula.
- Dulani nthambi zomera pamtengo zaka 3-4 zapitazi. Bwerezani izi pambuyo pa zaka 4-5.
- Chepetsa nsonga zokhala pachikongoletso pachaka.
Kudulira mitengo mu mfundo zikuluzikulu kuli ngati kudulira mtengo wa maapozi, kupatula kuti korona wamtengo wapatali amakonda kupitirira
Osadula nthambi zonse nthawi imodzi, izi ndizovuta kwambiri pamtengowo. Gawani njirayi mu zaka 2-3, samalani kuvala bwino ndi kuthirira.
Ma plums akale amawadulira zaka 15. Musachite kudulira kukalamba kwa maula akale, momwe kondakitala ndi nthambi za mafupa zimawonongeka kwambiri.
Lamulo lalikulu loti zipatso zitheke sikuti kufooketsa kukula kwa nthambi
Columnar
Maula woboola pakati ndi achikulire, komanso korona wopindika, amafanana ndi piramidi yopapatiza. Amadziwika ndi kukhwima koyambirira, zipatso zambiri komanso zipatso zabwino.
Momwe mungatenthe maula osayenda ngati mafunde mu kugwa:
- Chepetsa thunthu (mpaka impso 2-3) ngati lingakule bwino.
- Chepetsa nthambi zam'mbali zazitali kuposa 20 cm.
- Yeretsani chaka chilichonse mphukira zonse, kupatula okhazikika kwambiri komanso olimba.
Mu maula owoneka ngati maula, zipatso zimamera m'mbali mwa thunthu, ndiye kuti palibe kanthu m'nthambi zina
Chidebe choboola pakati chimafunikira chinyengo chocheperako, chomwe chiri chofunikira kwa woyambitsa wamaluwa.
Kanema: Kudulira koyenera
Kusamalira bwanji mtengo wodulira
Kudulira ndikutanganidwa kwa mtengo, muyenera kuthandizira kusamutsa zotsatira za njirayo ndi kuwonongeka kochepa:
- Vulani zodulidwazo ndi mpeni ndi mafuta mowolowa manja ndi mitundu yaminda.
- Dyetsani maula ndi feteleza, mulch mozungulira bwalo.
Phata la mtengo wa Plum liyenera kukhala mainchesi awiri.
Kudulira kumayenera kuchitika nyengo yabwino, pomwe chisanu, gale, ndi mvula yambiri sizikuyembekezeredwa.
Mukadulira, mutha kudyetsa maula ndi yankho la mchere:
- 35 l amadzi;
- superphosphates (supuni zitatu za malita 10 a madzi);
- potaziyamu sodium kapena chloride (2 tbsp. l. 10 pa madzi).
Thirani nkhuni ndi osakaniza, mulch mozungulira ndi nthaka youma, udzu kapena kuluka kwamatabwa, mumasuleni ndikukumba mulch.
Kudulira kuti mu kugwa ndikofunikira kuti muonjezere zipatso komanso kuti nthawi yachisanu izikhala yosavuta. Ndikofunika kugwira ntchito osachepera mwezi umodzi isanayambike chisanu chokhazikika kuti mtengo ungathe kuchira pambuyo pa njirayi. Popanda kudulira kwa nthawi yophukira, simungakhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso maulamu amphamvu.
