Oleander poyera ndi chitsamba chachikulu chokongoletsera chopanda ma inflorescence a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. M'mundamo, kulima chikhalidwe ichi kumachitika m'malo otentha, ndipo chisamaliro cha oleander kunyumba chimapezeka ndipo chitha kuchitidwa m'chigawo chilichonse, koma chifukwa cha kukula kwa shrub yobiriwira nthawi zonse komanso kutentha kwake kwachikondi, ili ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Oleander adatchuka ngati chomera chokongoletsera m'maiko aku Mediterranean, madera akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Zowonadi komanso chithunzi, maluwa a oleander akukongola mu mitundu ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndipo olima maluwa omwe amadziwa kale kukula kwazomera amadziwa bwino kununkhira kwake. Masamba ofiira, achikopa, otambalala ambiri amakhala ndi mphukira zofiirira, ndipo popanda chisamaliro, mbali zam'munsizo zimawululidwa, ndipo chomera chimakula.
Ndizosadabwitsa kuti chinthu chimodzi chofunikira posamalira oleander ndikudulira kwake, kuchepetsa kukula kwa chitsamba ndikuthandizira kupatsa korona wake mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake. Ngakhale chikhumbo chakukula, pakati paokonda zokolola zakunyumba, oleander amaonedwa ngati wopanda pake komanso wosavuta kusamalira mbewu.
Zoyenera kukula ndi kusamalira oleander
Chitsamba chachilengedwe chomwe chimakula m'malo opepuka komanso owongoleredwa ndi mpweya wabwino chimafunanso malingaliro omwewo kunyumba. Ngati mphika waandander uli mumithunzi:
- amasiya masamba;
- masamba omwe akukulidwa kumene akutha;
- inflorescence amakhala ochepa komanso zokongoletsa zochepa kuposa masiku;
- ma internode pa mphukira zatsopano amakulitsidwa;
- Kukula kwamawonekedwe akucheperako kumawoneka ngati kufooka.
Kukhala kwakutali mumithunzi kukuwopseza kutayika kwa masamba ndi kukana kwa maluwa. M'chilimwe, chipinda chamandewu, monga chithunzi, chimatha kutengedwa kupita kumunda. Pa kutentha kwa 20-25 ° C, chitsamba chimafalikira bwino ndikukula mosatulutsa. Sikulimbikitsidwa kubzala oleander m'nthaka kuti mupewe zovuta zobzala zina chifukwa chakupanga mizu yatsopano. Koma kuyika chidebe pafupi ndi dziwe lamasamba ndikothandiza. Chinyezi chimathandiza chitsamba kupirira dzuwa masana ngakhale kunja kukutentha kwambiri. Ngati palibe dziwe pamalopo, mutha kuyika chidebe chamadzi pafupipafupi. M'nyumba, mphikawo umayikidwa mu thireyi ndi moss yonyowa kapena dongo lokulitsa.
Oleander amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusunthika kwa mpweya, ndikofunikira kuti mpweya uzikhala mchipindacho nthawi zambiri, popewa kuzizira kapena kuwongolera pamimba.
Mukakulitsa oleander kunyumba, chisamaliro chimaphatikizapo kupopera msonkho ndi madzi ofunda. Kuchita izi kumathandizira kuti masamba oyera asungidwe komanso kuonjezera chinyezi m'mlengalenga pafupi ndi chitsamba.
Kusamalira Oleander Kwa Nyengo
Chomera chimachita bwino kuti chisanyowe kwambiri panthaka, koma kuthilira osowa koma ochulukirapo, pomwe madzi amalowa pamtunda wambiri. Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, oleander amafunika kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zambiri, chifukwa cha zomwe zimafuna kuti chitsamba chikulire komanso kutuluka kwamphamvu kuposa nyengo yozizira. Nthaka imalowetsedwa ndi madzi ofewa pamtunda wofunda, chaka chino kupewa zolengedwa zadothi ndi mizu kuti ziume. Ndipo kuyambira Epulo mpaka kugwa, kuthirira kumaphatikizidwa ndi kuvala kwapamwamba. Pazifukwa izi, pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse mutha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wophatikiza maluwa.
Ngati m'miyezi yotentha kusamalira oleander sikutha nthawi komanso kungokhala kosavuta, ndiye kuti pafupi ndi dzinja mbewuyo imafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.
Mwachilengedwe, shrub imakhala m'malo omwe kusintha kwa nyengo kumatchulidwa. Mikhalidwe yofananira iyenera kupangidwa mukamakula ndikusamalira oleander m'nyumba.
Choyambirira, akufunafuna malo a chomera pomwe chitsamba chinatha bwino kutentha pa 2-12 ° C, kukhala masana tsiku lonse. Kutentha kochepera komanso mthunzi wakuya posamalira oleander kunyumba ndizotsutsana kwambiri. Ngati shrub ilibe kuwala, wofesayo amayenera kuyembekeza kuti chiweto chake chobiriwira chikuchotsa masamba, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe sichidzapereka inflorescence yomwe mukufuna.
Zinthu zamaluwa ndi odulira chipinda oleander
Chipinda oleander, pachithunzichi, chimatanthauzira zikhalidwe zazitali zokongoletsera.
Ngati mbewuyo imalandira madzi okwanira, chakudya komanso chisamaliro, maluwa ali tchire amatseguka kuyambira Juni mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira, ndipo nthawi zambiri mazira amapanga nthawi yomweyo pa inflorescence, ndipo corollas atsopano amatsegulidwa pomwepo.
Kunyumba, kudulira nthawi zonse kumaphatikizidwanso ku chisamaliro cha oleander. Zomwe zimayambira siziopa kufupika kwambiri, masamba a axillary mu kasupe apanga kutayika kwa korona, omwe, chifukwa cha chisamaliro ichi, azikhala okongola komanso amanenepa.
Nthawi yabwino yokonza oleander ndi nthawi yophukira, pomwe maluwa ambiri amatha. Ngati kunyumba chisamaliro cha oleander, pachithunzichi, chachitika moyenera, chomera chimatha kuyika maluwa pomphukira ndikukonza inflorescence yobiriwira mwachilimwe. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a shrub, kudulira kwa masika sikuchitika, kupatula kokha kuchotsa kwachabe kwa akufa, odwala kapena ofooka mphukira.
Koma kasupe ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri yosamutsira maluwa a oleander omwe ali pachithunzichi.
Kutumiza ndi kubereka kwa oleander
Tchire tating'ono timatha kuwabwezeranso m'miphika yayikulu, chaka chilichonse. Poterepa, mizu siyadandaula, ndipo zolowa pakati pa linga la chidebe ndi chotchingira dothi zimadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi latsopano. Tchire chachikulire bwino kusinthidwa osatinso nthawi 1 mu zaka 3-4. Nthaka yomera, tengani dothi losakhwima, theka la dothi lamasamba, komanso humus ndi mchenga. Kupanga gawo laling'ono komanso ngati prophylaxis yamatenda oyamba ndi bakiteriya, makala ophwanyika pang'ono amaphatikizidwa.
Poika chitsamba chachikulu, magawidwe ake nthawi zina amachitika, omwe amakupatsani mwayi ochulukitsa oleander.
Koma nthawi zambiri sagwiritsa ntchito njirayi, koma kudula. Koma musanayambe kufalitsa oleander, ndikofunikira kupeza chodzala. Kuti muchite izi, achinyamata odulidwa amadulidwa kuchokera ku chomera chamtundu wazakudya zofunika kuti zitheke ndikukula komanso masamba angapo obiriwira. Kututa ndi kuzika mizu kuti ibalalike kwa oleander kumachitika m'chilimwe.
Masamba otsika amachotsedwa, ndipo zodulidwa zimayikidwa mu chisakanizo chonyowa chamchenga, perlite ndi peat. Ndikwabwino kuphimba chidebecho ndi kokhazikika ndi filimu kapena kuyika wowonjezera kutentha. Mizu yotalika masentimita 3-5 ikaonekera pa mbande, ana achichepere obzala m'miphika yawo.
Ndiosavuta komanso ndikuwonekeranso kuyambira muolive mu m'madzi wamba, momwe mungathe kuwonjezera makala ophwanyika. Pambuyo poziika mumiphika, mbewu zazing'ono zimapangidwira mosavuta, ndipo kugwa kwotsatira zimatha kukonzedwa mosamala kuti zitheke chisoti chachifumu chobiriwira.
