Thirani yanyumba yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ochepa ngati siderasis ndiyosavuta. Siziwonetsera chidwi ndi masamba okongola kapena maluwa. Ndipo kuti mumvetse zonse zakupezeka komanso kupadera kwa siderasis, muyenera kuyang'ana. Kupatula apo, m'mphepete ndi mawonekedwe otere sangapezeke pakati pa begonias kapena pakati pa maluwa okongola a orchid. Ndipo ngakhale siderasis imakhalabe ndi ziweto zapagawo osati aliyense, kukongola kwake kwapadera kumayenera kuyang'aniridwa mwapadera.
Siderasis brownish (Siderasis fuscata).
Osati siderasis yosavuta yokongoletsa komanso yowoneka bwino
Oimira mtundu womwewo Siderasis sikuti ndi mbewu zambiri, koma mwapadera. Ngakhale ma siderasys adapeza malire osazungulira ngati maubweya wofiyira, wofiyira (wogwira kuchokera ku "iron" wachi Greek, wowerengeka "makutu" - mawonekedwe awo ndi m'mphepete mwachidule). Siderasys amaimira banja Kommelinovyh (Commelinaceae) Ichi ndi chibale chapafupi cha tradescantia, chosavuta kuyerekezera kapangidwe ndi masamba. Malo otentha aku Latin America ndi malo achilengedwe a siderasis.
Kugawika kwanyumba kwa mitengo kukhala maluwa kapena mbewu zokhala ndi udzu wowoneka bwino kumakhala kovuta kwambiri pankhani ya siderasis. Chomera ndizovuta kutengera mtundu uliwonse, chifukwa ngakhale nyenyezi zokongoletsera-zokongoletsa zimakhala zotsika malingana ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Ndikoyenera kwambiri kuyidula ngati mbewu yapadera, yosowa komanso "yachilendo" yamkati yomwe ndiyoyenera kokha kwa iwo omwe akufuna nyenyezi zosowa ndi "zopindika". Komanso okonda mawonekedwe apamwamba azithunzi zakunja, zomwe amafunikiranso kuyang'anitsitsa.
Siderasis (Siderasis- - herbaceous perennials, mitundu yomwe imayimira kwambiri. Mitundu yokhayo yomwe imakulidwa ngati mbewu yokongoletsera ndikuyambitsa chikhalidwe chamnyumba ndi brownishis brownish (Siderasis fuscata, omwe kale amadziwika kuti tradescantia brownish (Tradescantia fuscata). Ichi ndi chomera chofatsa, chomwe chimakula mwachangu, chodziwika mosavuta, ndikupanga maluwa okongola kuchokera masamba akuluakulu pamitanda yofupikitsidwa, ndikukula mpaka kukula. Ma Siderasys omwe ali omasuka amatha kupanga mapilo otchingika kuchokera masamba akuluakulu, amatha kuwerengedwa ngati oteteza dothi lobiriwira. Kutalika kwenikweni kwa tchire kumakhala mpaka 40 cm.
Masamba a siderasis ndi amtundu, oval-lapid, mpaka 20cm komanso kutalika kwa 10 cm. Utoto wofiirira kumbuyo kwa masamba umaphatikizidwa ndi kamvekedwe kamtondo wobiriwira wa maolivi mbali yakumtunda, yomata. Utoto wake ndi wosiyana, umatsimikizidwanso ndi m'mphepete mwa bulauni. Kuwala kwamasamba obiriwira kumapereka mbewuyo mawonekedwe apadera, omwe, pamodzi ndi mawonekedwe a pubescent, amafanana ndi nsalu zapamwamba.
Maluwa a brownish sideisis nthawi zambiri amakhala osavomerezeka, koma amakongoletsa mtengowo. Maluwa amatulutsa maluwa obiriwira otsika kwambiri kuyambira Meyi mpaka Okutobala. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono atatu amakhala pamitengo yayifupi, ikuwonekera bwino motsutsana ndi masamba chifukwa cha masamba a lilac-violet azithunzi ndi maonekedwe okongola aafupi oyera. Maluwa amakulitsa tchire la siderasis ndikuwupatsa mawonekedwe amakono, ndikugogomezeranso kuperewera kopanda pake, kotsika-kofunikira, mawonekedwe apadera a greenery. Zikuwoneka kuti maluwa ndi masamba ake ndi osiyana siyana.
Siderasis brownish (Siderasis fuscata).
Chisamaliro cha Kunyumba
Siderasis ndizosinthika modabwitsa. Zosawoneka zokopa kwenikweni, zikuwoneka, zikuyenera kufanana ndi kufupika kwaulimi. Koma mawonekedwe amtundu sangagawidwe ngati mbewu zosavuta kusamalira. Zikuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya kapena kuwunikira, koma chilichonse chokhudzana ndi chinyezi chimakhala ndi zovuta zambiri. Chomera chimafuna kuthirira mosamala komanso chinyezi chachikulu. Siderasis ndizosavuta kukula mu florarium kuposa m'zipinda wamba. Koma mosamala komanso mwanzeru, sadzafunikira njira zapadera.
Kuwala kwa Siderasis
Ubwino waukulu wa siderasis ndi kulolerana kwa mthunzi. Zomera sizilola kuti dzuwa lituluke ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimataya mawonekedwe ake abwino pawindo lowala kwambiri. Ma Siderasys amaulula kukongola kwawo pokhapokha kuyatsa magetsi. Mlingo wa kulolerana ndi chomera bwino umayang'aniridwa payekhapayekha, ndikuusunthira kumalo okhala ndi mawonekedwe ambiri ndikuwona masamba omwe akukula. Siderasis silingathe kuyima mthunzi wolimba, kutaya mawonekedwe ake otambasuka, koma m'malo okhala-mthunzi amaulula kukongola kwake kwathunthu.
Kwa siderasis, malo pazenera zakumpoto kapena patali kwambiri kuchokera pazenera zamagulu osiyana.
Ma Siderasys ndi amodzi a zanyumba zosowa zomwe amazindikira kuwala kopanga chimodzimodzi ndi kuwala kwachilengedwe. Zitha kukhala zokhwima kwathunthu pakuwunikira kapena kungalipiridwe pang'ono pang'onopang'ono (kukula kwakukulu kwa kuyatsa kuli pafupifupi 2500 lux).
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Siderasys amakula bwino nthawi zonse m'chipinda. Izi ndi mbewu za thermophilic zomwe sizingalekerere kutsikira mpaka 15 digiri kutentha ndipo sizichita bwino pakusintha kwamphamvu kwa kutentha kwa mpweya. Kutentha kukatsika mpaka madigiri 14, mbewu imafa. M'chilimwe, siderasis imamva bwino nyengo yotentha, nthawi yozizira ndikofunikira kuti kutentha kuzikhala pang'ono madigiri ochepa poyerekeza ndi gawo la chitukuko chogwira ntchito.
Zizindikiro zoyenera kwambiri za siderasis zimachokera ku 22 mpaka 25 madigiri a chilimwe ndi madigiri 18-21 kutentha nthawi yozizira. Zomera sizimakonda kutentha monga momwe zimayang'anira dzuwa.
Siderasis kuthilira komanso chinyezi
Monga tradescantias okhudzana, siderasys amawona kuthirira kosayenera, chinyezi chambiri cha nthaka. Kuchepa kumabweretsa kuwoneka ngati zowola ndikuyika chomera chonse pachiwopsezo, kotero kuthirira siderasis mosamala kwambiri. Pakati pa kuthirira ndikwabwino kuti nthawi zonse muziwona ngati gawo lakumanzere lauma, kupewa kupewetsa mkwiyo. Zizindikiro za chinyontho cha dothi zimathandizira kuchepetsa njira. Panthawi yokhala matalala, chinyezi cha siderasis gawo lapansi chimachepetsedwa, kulola nthaka ndi pakati kuti ziume pang'ono. Kusintha kwa kuthirira, kuchepetsa kwawo kuyenera kuchitika pang'onopang'ono, kukulitsa nthawi pakati pa kuthirira nthawi yakugwa ndikuchepetsa njirayi kukhala yochepera kumayambiriro kwa dzinja. Kubwezeretsanso kuthamanga kwathanzi kumachitidwanso mosamala monga momwe mungathere. Siderasys simalola chilala, kuyanika kwathunthu kwa matope kumabweretsa osati kungowuma pang'ono kwamasamba, komanso kuimitsidwa kwathunthu kuti ukule ndi kutayika kwa mtundu wina wa greenery, kubwezeretsa kwakutali kwambiri.
Kwa siderasis, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okha omwe kutentha kwawo kumagwirizana ndi kutentha kwa gawo lapansi kapena mpweya m'chipindacho. Kutsirira ndikofunikira kuti ngakhale madontho ang'onoang'ono asagwere pamasamba, kudula kwawo kapena thunthu. Tiyerekeze kuti kuthirira komanso kutsika kotsika, komanso kumera m'mipanda ndi kuthirira kwanyengo. Madzi sayenera kukhala ofewa okha, komanso otetezedwa bwino.
Sideracis imawonetsera mawonekedwe ake otentha mwachikondi chinyezi kwambiri. Mitengo yovomerezeka yomera iyi ndi 70%. Zomera sizingakhale bwino m'zipinda zodyeramo popanda chinyezi chowonjezera, makamaka kuvutika ndi mpweya wouma m'chilimwe komanso nthawi yotentha. Mphepete, yomwe imapatsa siderasis kusiya njira yapadera yokongoletsera, imakhalanso yovuta kwambiri kuisamalira: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya kuzungulira chomera. Pa chikhalidwe ichi, zisonyezo za chinyezi zimangowonjezereka pokhazikitsa ma humidifera - zida zapadera kapena zojambula zawo, mapallet ndi miyala yonyowa, dongo lokulitsa, moss. Ngati palibe mwayi kukhazikitsa manyowa, ndiye mbewuyo ikhoza kudzalidwa kokha mu florarium.
Siderasis brownish (Siderasis fuscata).
Zakudya za Siderasis
Siderasis sakonda michere yambiri m'nthaka, chifukwa chake, kuthira manyowa chifukwa imachitika molondola kuposa mbewu zina zamkati. Feteleza angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha ngati madzi, ndi madzi othirira, komanso munthawi yogwira ntchito.
Ma Siderasys amakonda feteleza wovuta konsekonse. Kwa iwo, simungagwiritse ntchito feteleza pazomera zokongoletsera komanso zopatsa chidwi. Mlingo wovomerezeka wa feteleza aliyense amachepetsa siderasis.
Optimum kudya pafupipafupi - 1 nthawi m'masiku 10 kapena 1 nthawi m'masabata awiri
Siderasis kupatsira ndi gawo lapansi
Kwa siderasis, kuponya pachaka sikungosafunikira kokha, komanso koopsa. Chomera chimapanga mizu yofooka, yaying'ono, imamera ndikuyenda pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake, ngakhale mumipikisano ikuluikulu, zaka zingapo zimadutsa musanadzaze dothi. Kutalika kofananira kwa kuchuluka kwa siderasis ndi nthawi imodzi mu zaka 2-3.
Zotheka za siderasis zimasankhidwa pakati pazophatikizira zomwe zimaloleza kuti mizu ikule makamaka mu ndege yopingasa. Zosachepera, mbale zazing'onoting'ono ndizabwino.
Gawo laling'ono lokulitsa mpikisano wa tradescantia ndi loyenereranso aliyense - kuchokera pakati paosakanikirana, osakanikirana padziko lapansi. Kuphatikiza pa gawo logulidwa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi losavuta potengera dothi lamasamba, pomwe linawonjezeredwa theka la mchenga ndi dothi lonyowa. Kwa siderasis, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthaka kwa 5.0 mpaka 7.0 ndikovomerezeka (magawo osalowerera komanso pang'ono acidic).
Mukamaika siderasis, chinthu chachikulu ndikusunga dothi lalikulu loumbika kuzungulira mizu (mutha kuchotsa dothi laulere lokha) ndikuyika ngalande yayikulu (mpaka 1/3) yamadzi oyambira pansi pa miphika.
Matenda a Siderasis ndi tizirombo
Siderasys amathana kwambiri ndi tizirombo ndi matenda ndipo amangovutika ndi chisamaliro choyenera. Mlengalenga ouma kapena mosasamala, amawopsezedwa ndi akangaude ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndipo tikakhala ndi madzi, timawopsezedwa ndi mitundu yonse ya zowola. Ndikwabwino kuthana ndi mavuto mokwanira, koma muyenera kuyamba ndi kukonza chisamaliro.
Mavuto wamba pakukula siderasis:
- kuyanika kwa nsonga zamasamba m'mpweya wouma kapena pamene gawo lapansi lisa;
- kuzimiririka, masamba otambasuka ndikuwombera mwamphamvu shading;
- chikasu masamba kwambiri
- Kusintha kwa mtundu, mtundu wa bulauni wamasamba ndikunyowa.
Siderasis brownish (Siderasis fuscata).
Kufalitsa kwa Siderasis
Siderasys kubereka mu njira imodzi yokha - kulekanitsa akulu akulu. Kugawikana m'magawo ang'onoang'ono ndikotheka ndikuwonjezera kulikonse. Chachikulu ndikuyesa kulumikizana ndi mizu pang'ono momwe mungathere, gwiritsani ntchito zida zakuthwa mwachangu kudula tchire ndi kuteteza mbewu ku mpweya wouma ndi kuwala kowala mumasabata angapo atatha kufalikira.
Ndikotheka kukula siderasis kuchokera ku mbewu, koma njirayi ndiyovuta kwambiri, kuteteza mbewu zazing'ono ndizosowa kwambiri kupatula kukhazikitsidwa kwalamulo kwamalo az maluwa.
