Physstegia (Physstegia) - choyambirira, zachilendo komanso wamisala wokongola herbaceous osatha kuchokera kubanja Labial. Malo obadwira maluwa osatha amenewa amadziwika kuti ndi North America. Palibe mitundu yambiri ya mbewu iyi, kuchuluka kwake kumasiyana 3 mpaka 12.
Physstegia kuchokera ku chilankhulo cha Chigriki amatanthauza "kuwira", osatha adalandira dzina chifukwa chamtundu wamaluwa, womwe umawoneka ngati chopepuka. Mwa mitundu yonse yodziwika m'mundamu, ndi Virphygia wa Virtual yekha amene wakula, mitundu yonse yotsalayi imawoneka kuti imakula. Ngakhale ndizokongola, zomwe zimachokera komanso zachilendo, physstegia sifunikira chisamaliro chapadera, ndichifukwa chake olima maluwa amakonda kwambiri.
Kufotokozera kwamaluwa Physstegia
Physstegia amakula bwino m'mundamo ndipo ndi "kapeti" wowonda komanso wamaluwa. Kutalika, osatha amatha pafupifupi 100-120 cm, ndipo nthawi zina kupitirira mita ndi theka. Mpweya wabwino wamuyaya ndi wamphamvu, wamphamvu komanso wokulirapo. Masamba ndi opendekera, kutalika, samanjikidwa m'mphepete, komanso osalala. Maluwa awiri okhala ndi milomo iwiri, otupa pansi ngati thovu. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala: yoyera, yofiirira, yapinki kapena ya lilac. Nthawi yamaluwa imatenga nthawi yayitali, physiostegia imayamba kuphuka mu Julayi ndipo imangoyima mu Seputembala.
Fungo lokhazikika ndi lokoma kwambiri komanso losangalatsa, limakopa ma pollinator, potero limathandizira oyandikana nawo osawonekera.
Kukula kwa physiostegia kuchokera ku mbewu
Kufesa mbewu
Nthawi zambiri, physiostegia imadzipatula mosavuta ndipo sikutanthauza kuyesetsa kwapadera komanso kubzala kwapadera. Koma ngati mukufunika kubzala osatha pamalo ena kapena kukulitsa mitundu yatsopano, ndiye ndibwino kubzala maluwa m'njira yobzala. Nthawi yabwino kubzala mbewu za mbande ndi Marichi. Physstegia imadziwika ndi kumera kwabwino, chifukwa chake mphukira yoyamba imawonekera pafupi masabata angapo. Kuteteza mbande kuti zisakonzedwe ndikuwongolera mphezi za UV, ndibwino kuyika mabokosi okhala ndi mbande za physiostegia mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Ng'ombe za thupi
Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kokhazikika komanso kochulukirapo, ndizosatheka kuloleza kuyanika kwathunthu kwa dothi lapansi. Kuphatikiza pa kuthirira, kumasula dothi pafupipafupi komanso molondola mukathiranso kumachitika.
Ponena za kutola, ndikofunikira mbande za physstegia ndipo zimachitika pomwe timapepala tiwiri takhala tayamba kale kubzala. Kulowetsa mbande pamwamba ndikofunikira pafupifupi masentimita 5-7, koma osapitirira apo.
Musanabzale mbande panthaka, ziyenera kukonzekera bwino izi. Pang'onopang'ono, muyenera kutulutsa mabokosi okhala ndi mbande za physiostegia pamsewu, kuti maluwawo azolowere nyengo ndikukonzekera kubzala poyera. Nthawi yowonjezera iyenera kukhala osachepera milungu iwiri.
Kubzala physiostegia panthaka
Nthawi yoyenera kubzala mbande panthaka ndiye kutha kwa Meyi ndi kuyamba kwa June. Physstegia sikuti imakhala yoyang'ana kuzungulira kwa dzuwa, ndiye kuti malo omwe ali mthunzi wochepa bwino komanso dzuwa lotseguka ndioyenera kuwabzala. Ponena za dothi, ndibwino kumuthira manyowa ndi manyowa kapena zowola musanabzale, izi zithandiza kudzaza dothi ndi zinthu zofunikira komanso kuthandizira kuti chinyezi chisasanduke nthawi yayitali.
Chifukwa cha mizu yamphamvu, physiosterium ikhoza kusokoneza kukula kwantchito ndi kukula kwa mbewu zina zomwe zimamera ndi duwa loyandikana, kotero musanabzale, muyenera kukumba m'malire a dothi: slate, board, plates iron, etc. Kapena kukumba ma ndowa okwanira lita khumi osakhala pansi ndikubzala mbande za physiostegia mmenemo. Izi zithandiza kuyimitsa mizu ndikusunga malo ena mbewu zina m'mundamo. Mtunda pakati pa tchire uyenera kukhala wosachepera 30 cm.
Kusamalira Thupi
Kuthirira
Physstegia sikutanthauza chisamaliro chapadera komanso chovuta. Mbewu zam'madzi zimafuna kuthirira nthawi zonse komanso zochulukirapo, koma osalolera chinyezi m'nthaka, izi zitha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi kufa kwa chomera kapena kuwoneka kwa bowa woipa. Mukathirira chilichonse, dothi liyenera kumasulidwa mosamala kuti lisawononge mizu. Namsongole ayenera kuchotsedwa momwe amafunikira.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Koma za feteleza, osatha safunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi. Ndikokwanira kuyika humus kapena manyowa owola m'nthaka musanabzalidwe ndikuphatikiza feteleza ndi physiostegia yokhala ndi feteleza wophatikiza wa mchere wopangidwira makamaka wamaluwa wamaluwa maluwa nthawi ya maluwa isanayambe. Mutha kugula feteleza wotere mumaluwa aliwonse.
Thirani
Zaka zisanu zilizonse, osatha amayenera kusinthidwa kumalo atsopano. Munthawi imeneyi, chitsamba chimamera mwamphamvu ndipo chimayenera kugawidwa, ndipo nthaka ikufunika kupumula. Njira yonyamulirayi ndiophweka, ingofukula mizuyo pang'onopang'ono ndikuyala ndi malo atsopano omwe anakonzedweratu. M'pofunika kukonzanso malowa chimodzimodzi monga musanabzale mbande panthaka. Mutathira, thirirani dothi bwino komanso mulch pamwamba ndi masamba, udzu kapena utuchi.
Physstegia pambuyo maluwa
Kutoletsa mbewu
Momwe angatolere nthanga za physostegia ndi nthawi Nthawi yoyenera kwambiri yosonkhanitsa mbewu ndi kutha kwa Ogasiti komanso Seputembala yonse. Mbewu za thupi la 5.fliggia ndizokwanira mokwanira, zamtundu wakuda komanso zotupa pang'ono. Mbeu zikadzatulutsidwa, ndikofunikira kuti muzipatsanso nthawi kuti ziume. Kuti muchite izi, ikani mbewu za physiostegia pamalo otentha, owuma komanso otseguka bwino.
Kukonzekera yozizira
M'malo omwe nyengo yotentha imakhala yotentha kokwanira, sikofunikira kuti pakhale kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira, koma komwe nthawi yotentha imakhala yayitali komanso yolimba popanda kutentha, duwa limatha kupitilira pamenepo ndikufa. Maluwa atatha ndipo masamba atula, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse chitsamba, ndikusiya pafupifupi masentimita 5-6 kuchokera muzu. Kenako, ikani chitsamba chonsecho ndi peat, utuchi, nthambi zokuluka kapena masamba owonda.
Kubala kwanyama
Physstegia imangofalitsa osati ndi mbewu, komanso pogawa chitsamba, kugawa rhizome ndi odulidwa.
Kubalana mwa kugawa chitsamba
Kugawika kwa tchire ndi bwino kuchitidwa kasupe mbewuyo isanakonzekere maluwa. Izi zithandizira osatha kubereka mizu yatsopano ndikusangalatsa pachaka chino.
Kufalitsa kwa Rhizome
Kugawika kwa Rhizome ndizovuta zina. Kuti mulekanitse mizu, ndikofunikira kudula masamba onse ndi zimayambira ndi inflorescence, ndiye kukumba mizu ndikuigawa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a mizu. Autumn imadziwika kuti ndi nthawi yabwino yogawa physiostegia.Panthawi imeneyi, nthawi yamaluwa yatha kale ndipo chomera chikukonzekera kupumula kwa dzinja.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Kudula nthawi zambiri kumachitika mu June. Kuti muchite izi, dulani mosamala zodula ndi masamba atatu amoyo (osachepera!) Ndipo kukumba kuti muzuwo m'mizu yamabokosi okhala ndi dothi lokonzekera. Ndikofunika kukonza nthaka isanakonzekere. Nthaka yosakanizika ndi mchenga ndi humus kapena manyowa owola ndioyenera. Zitha kudzala zipatso zodula kale kasupe wotsatira, pofika nthawi imeneyi adzazika mizu ndipo adzakhala okonzeka kuzipondera panthaka.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Physstegia nthawi zambiri samadwala chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa tizilombo kapena matenda osiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zina milandu yotere imachitika. Palibe tizirombo tambiri tomwe timakonda kudya zakale, nthawi zambiri physiostegium imagwidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nthata za akangaude. Kuti muwachotse, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi tchire mosamala ndi njira yapadera yothandizira: Actellik, Biotlin, Antitlin ndi ena. Ndi kukonza zolakwa posamalira osatha.
Ponena za matenda, dzimbiri ndi mafungo osiyanasiyana zimakhudza physiostegia. Muyenera kulimbana nawo akangoyamba kuonekera matendawa. Chithandizo cha fungus chimathandiza. Kuti mbewuyo isathenso, ndiyofunikira kutsatira malamulo a kuisamalira, chifukwa chakuti matendawa atha kudutsa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha matenda osatha.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya physiostegia
Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, ndi Virtualgia Yokha Wamkazi ndi mitundu yomwe idalimidwa kuchokera mmundamo. Mitundu ina yodziwika imawonedwa kuti ndiyotchire ndipo siyobzala m'mundamo.
- Physstegia Alba - mbewu zimatha kutalika pafupifupi mita 1. Maluwa ndi oyera komanso akulu. Masamba adasanjika m'mphepete ndi osalala pakati.
- Physiotheria of Variegat - maluwa achilendo. Masamba ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yobiriwira yakuda pakati ndi malire oyera pamphepete. Maluwa ndi ofiira owala. Itha kukula mpaka 1 mita kutalika.
- Physstegia Chilimwe Spyre - Masamba omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wake ndiosiyana ndi mtundu wa Alba, koma maluwa ndi amtundu wakuda wamtundu wakuda kapena wofiirira. Kutalika, duwa limatha kukula mpaka 90 cm.
- Thupi Labwino - maluwa amatengedwa kuti ndi odabwitsa, popeza kutalika kwakukulu komwe kumatha kukula 60 cm. Masamba amtunduwu ndiwobiliwira, ndipo maluwa si akulu komanso otuwa pinki.
- Thupi Lopatsa Rose - duwa limatha kukula mpaka kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi theka. Masamba ali ndi mphamvu, zobiriwira zowoneka bwino komanso zolalidwa m'mbali. Maluwa ndi akulu ndipo ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino kwambiri wa lilac.
