Maluwa okongola a clove amakondedwa ndi wamaluwa ambiri kuti akule pamabala awo. Kukongola kwawo kotsukidwa ndi kowala kumakopa diso, zodzikongoletsera ndizokongoletsera zenizeni za maluwa. Komanso mulinso mtundu wopanda ulemu komanso wopanda maluwa. Kusamalira clove ndikosangalatsa komanso kosavuta. Ndikokwanira kudziwa mfundo zazikulu zokulitsa kukongola kwamaluwa.
Momwe kukula duwa
Chomera ichi chimakonda malo a dzuwa. Zabwino kuposa mabedi amaluwa, oyatsidwa bwino ndi dzuwa komanso otetezedwa ndi mphepo, chifukwa kulima ma clove sikungabwere.
Ma clove osatha m'mundamo amakula bwino pamtunda wowala wopanda acidity, wokhutitsidwa ndi humus ndi mchenga. Nthaka chifukwa iyenera kudutsa madzi osadzaza madzi.
Bzalani chomera pa kutentha kwa + 15 ° C. Bzalani mbewu ya clove mu gawo lapansi la humus, mchenga, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikuwaza pang'ono. Funso lofunika kwambiri kwa wolima dimba ndi momwe angadzalidwere kansalu. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa. Kuti asunge kutentha ndi chinyezi, amazitchinjiriza. Pambuyo kumera, sikofunikanso kuphimba kufesa. 
Masamba akaoneka, amakwiriridwa mumipanda yosiyanasiyana ndikuthira feteleza wa mchere. Kukula mbande zamaluwa obzalidwa pabedi lamaluwa, kusungitsa mtunda wa 20 cm, nthaka ndikulungika. Kubzala malaya amaluwa motsatiraukadaulo waulimi ndi chisamaliro chowonjezereka kumathandizira kukulitsa maluwa okongola.
Kusamalira Carnation
Maluwa mumabedi amaluwa nthawi ya kukula amafunika chidwi china. Malamulo ochepa osavuta amapereka mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri ya ma clove:
- kuchotsa kwa udzu;
- kutsina maluwa;
- kuthirira pafupipafupi;
- kumasula nthaka;
- chonde zakudya;
- wovala zovala.
Zodzikongoletsa sizimakonda kuyandikira kwa udzu ndi udzu, duwa liyenera kumasulidwa kwa iwo. Kuchuluka kwa maudzu mozungulira duwa kumachepetsa kapena kuletsa kukula kwake. Kupalira ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri posamalira kukongola kosalimba.
Kusamalira dimba losatha maluwa kumakhalanso ndi kukhomekera pamwamba pa duwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maluwa azikhala othamanga. Chomera chimayamba kusokonekera ndikupereka mphukira zina. Uzitsine umachitika pamwamba pa tsamba lokwera, ndipo utali wa masentimita 15. Kodi kutsina valavu? Chitani izi ndi zala zanu. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, kutsina kubwerezedwa.
Tisaiwale za chinyontho ndi zakudya za m'nthaka, pomwe mbewu zosatha zimabzalidwa. Zovala zakunja zimafunikira chisamaliro chokhudzana ndi kuthirira pang'ono, kenako nthaka yake idzamasulidwa.
Kudula kwamadzi dothi pafupi ndi tchire laveti sikuyenera kuloledwa, izi zingayambitse kuzola kwa mizu.
Feteleza wachilengedwe komanso michere yambiri amawonjezeranso dothi, izi zimathandizira kukulitsa bwino kwa zimayambira komanso maluwa othamanga. Ndikofunikira kudyetsa mbewu ndi feteleza wovuta pakaphuka.
Ngati zimayambira za clove zimakula kwambiri, mbewuyo imamangidwa. Iyenera kukhala pamalo owongoka, apo ayi, zimayambira zidzayamba kuthyoka ndi maluwa. Zimayambira zimangirizidwa ndi zogwirizira ndi twine kapena kapron ulusi. Izi ziyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri osati mwamphamvu.
Maluwawa akamasuka, ayenera kudulidwa nthawi yomweyo. Izi zimapangitsa maluwa atsopano.
Ma cloves aminda amafunika kukonzekera nthawi yozizira. Matalala sayenera kumuvulaza. Kuti muchite izi, kwezani duwa losweka pamtunda. Onetsetsani kuti mulch dothi lozungulira chomera. Izi zithandiza kuti mizu ipeze chakudya chochuluka. Olima m'madera ena omwe nthawi yozizira amayamba kukumba maluwa, kuwaika m'mabokosi, mumakontena kapena m'miphika ndikulowetsa mnyumbamo nthawi yachisanu. Pankhaniyi, cloves nyengo yabwino.
Mabedi a maluwa amatulutsa chilimwe chonse, ngati mukukumbukira malamulo osavuta awa, momwe mungatulutsire ma cloves osatha.
Momwe clove imafalira
Njira zingapo zimadziwika pofalitsa maluwa osatha awa:
- magawo;
- kudula;
- kugawa chitsamba.
Zigawo zimawoneka ndi nthaka yonyowa komanso tsinde. Mphukira zazitali zazitali zimadulidwa kuchokera pansi, kukhazikika, kukonkhedwa ndi dothi ndikuthirira. Posachedwa, mizu imayamba, mphukira yobiriwira imaphuka. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba cha clove ndikubzala mu nthaka.
Nthawi zina kuyerekeza kumatheka ndi chitsamba chobowoleza ndi nthambi zammbali, zowazidwa ndi lapansi. Pankhaniyi, kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse. Pakapita nthawi, nthambi zimamera. Kenako zimasinthidwa mosiyana.
Ndizotchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa kufalitsa mtundu uliwonse wa clove mwaudulidwe. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa Juni. Pa tchire la clove, sankhani mphukira zazitali zokhala ndi masamba anayi. Zikabudula zimamasulidwa pamasamba, kudula zingapo kumapangidwa pakati pa mfundo pa tsinde. Ndikofunika kuviika magawo mu chikulimbikitso chakukula. Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa pakati-okonzedwa ndi nthaka yachonde ndi gawo lapansi la humus, ndikuwonjezera mchenga. Anabzala kudula ndikuphimba ndi zinthu zowonekera kuti mupeze mtundu wowonjezera kutentha. Amamera m'masabata atatu, amawombera.
Kutulutsa kwathunthu kwa chitsamba chatsopano cha clove kungayembekezeredwe mchaka.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ma clove amatha kufalitsa ndikugawa chitsamba. Mtengowo wakumbidwa kwathunthu ndipo muzu udagawika tchire zingapo zingapo. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi muzu wathanzi komanso wophukira, chowombera chachikulu chamtsogolo. Titsamba tating'ono timabzala pansi. Samalirani chomera chachikulire. Maluwa ayamba chaka chamawa.
Kondani matenda
Kusamalira ndi kusamalira maunda a m'munda kumaphatikiza kuti muteteze tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
Tsoka ilo, ma cloves, monga maluwa ena, amakonda matenda ena:
- bowa;
- imvi zowola;
- dzimbiri;
- rhizoctonia;
- Fusarium
Fungus heterosporiosis imakhudza cloves ndi zochuluka chinyezi ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Malo amtundu wa bulauni okhala ndi mawombo ofiira amawonekera pamasamba a chomera. Zomera zimayamba kuuma ndikufa. Potere, mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa zimawotchedwa, nthaka imachiritsidwa ndi Bordeaux fluid. Popewa matendawa, tchire amathandizidwa ndi Nitrafen kapena mankhwala ena ofanana kawiri pachaka.
Gray zowola - botritis imawonekera pa maluwa nthawi yayitali mvula, yozizira, pakalibe kuwala kwa dzuwa. Nthawi zina matendawa amakhumudwitsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa obzala mbewu. Amakutidwa ndi zokutira imvi. Maluwa oterewa amatha kuwonongeka. Kupewa: pewani chinyezi kwambiri komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi fungicides.
Kuchiza ndi fungicidal kukonzekera sikungathe kuchitika m'masiku otentha ndi mafunde amphamvu. Malo abwino kwambiri pamenepa ndi kouma komanso kwamitambo.
Mafangayi amayambitsanso dzimbiri. Potere, masamba, masamba amakhudzidwa, amatembenukira chikasu ndi kupukuta. Matendawa amakhumudwitsa kuchepa kwa potaziyamu m'nthaka komanso kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni, madzi ochulukirapo. Zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa zimatsukidwa, zothiridwa ndi fungicides, mwachitsanzo, Bordeaux madzi. Kupewa kumakhalitsa kuthirira, kuchotsa maudzu - osokoneza matenda atizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Rhizoctoniosis imabweretsa kuvunda kwa mizu ya ma clove kumapeto kwa khosi. Zomera zimasiya kulandira michere. Masamba ake amasintha chikasu, kumera, mizu imakhudzidwa ndi zowola. Kuti apulumutse mbewuzo, fungosis yodziwika bwino komanso yothandiza ndi yoyenera - mankhwala "Maxim". Popewa, kumasula dothi pafupipafupi komanso kuthirira pang'ono ndikofunikira.
Fusarium wilting - kusintha kwa tsinde mu mtundu wofiyira, masamba achikasu, kuvunda kwa mizu. Zotsatira zake, maluwa amasiya kutulutsa, mbewuyo imafa. Choyambitsa chiwonetsero cha matendawa chimatha kukhala chinyezi chochuluka, nthaka ya acidic ndi nyengo yotentha. Ndikosatheka kuchiza mbewu zotere; Tetezani cloves ku mliri mwa mulching ndi kuthirira pang'ono.
Tizilombo Zokongoletsa M'munda
Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kupewa kuukira kwa maluwa otulutsa tizirombo monga izi:
- nematode;
- mbozi
- kuponya.
Tizilombo tokhala ngati ndulu ndi ang'onoang'ono owopsa ku mbewu. Amabzalidwe pamizu ya cloves kwambiri chinyezi nyengo yotentha. Nematode ndi ma parasites enieni omwe amapanga zophuka ndikugwira zinthu zofunikira, zamadzimadzi kuchokera kumizu. Potere, masamba a clove amatembenukira chikasu, ndipo mbewuyo imafa. Pali mitundu yambiri ya tsinde yomwe imakhazikika mkati mwa chomera. Nematode amatengera dothi lozungulira duwa. Kuwongolera kwa tizilombo ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa nematicides ndi formalin.
Ana agalu agwenga amera mbewuyi, ndikukwawa pansi, amawononga masamba ndi masamba. Popewa, nthawi ya masika, tchire la clove limathandizidwa ndi dichlorophosomes kapena kukonzekera kofananako. Pukuta dothi ndi antiparasitic agents.
Kutalika kumakhudza ma cloves, kusiya masamba oyera pa chomera. Zomera zimafota ndikufa. Tchire zotere zimawonongeka, ndipo dothi limasungidwa, ndikuwachapa kangapo.
Kusamalira bwino maluwa okongola - zovala zamaluwa zimakupatsani mwayi wokomera kukongola kwake mpaka kugwa.
