Monga mbewu zina, gooseberries amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Palinso matenda osiyanasiyana a jamu. Ndikofunikira kuyankha munthawi yake kuti muwonetse mawonekedwe awo ndikupewa zovuta pazomera.
Mkhalidwe wa mbewu ndiyofunikira kuulamulira pamoyo wawo wonse. Ngati matendawa abwera kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tichita matendawa, njira zoyenera kuchitira ziyenera kumwedwa nthawi yomweyo. Mukanyalanyaza zinthu zoyipa izi, mutha kutaya mbewuyo, kenako patchire lokha. Matenda a Gooseberry akufalikira mwachangu, popeza onse ali ndi chikhalidwe cha bowa.
Ponena za tizilombo, sizipweteketsa ngati matenda a fungus. Izi makamaka mbozi ndi nsabwe zazing'ono. Kufalikira mmera wonsewo kumathamanga kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewu.
Pali nthawi zina pamene mphamvu ya tizilombo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa matenda. Muyenera kupulumutsa chitsamba nthawi yomweyo. Matenda a jamu ndi chithandizo chake ayenera kutsimikiza kaye.
Matenda akuluakulu a jamu ndi awa:
Seporia Matendawa amadziwika ndi kufalikira msanga pamasamba a chomeracho ngati mawanga. Nthawi yowopsa kwambiri yopatsirana ndikuyamba kwa June. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawo, zizindikilo za imvi zomwe zimakhala ndi malire. Ndi chitukuko chowonjezereka, madontho akuda amawoneka m'malo. Njira yotere ya matendawa imayambitsa kupukuta msanga ndi kugwa kwa masamba. Ngakhale kuola, bowa amapitilizabe kukhala ndi masamba otsika. Chifukwa chake, ayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa. Mutha kuwona chithunzi cha matenda a jamu.
Sphereotka (powdery mildew). Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa matenda owopsa a chomera. Kupusa kwake kumakhalapo chifukwa sikukhudza ziwalo zonse, koma mbewu yonse. Nthawi yabwino yopanga matendawa ndi kutha kwa nthawi ya masika - kuyamba kwa chilimwe. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zakukula kwa matendawa zimawonekera kuchokera pansi pamasamba momwe amapangika zoyera pang'ono. Popita nthawi, matendawa akapanda kuthandizidwa, amayamba kukhala gulu lotsogola kwambiri, lomwe limadziwika ndi maonekedwe a bulauni osisitidwa. Ndi isanayambike gawo lotere, nkovuta kwambiri kupulumutsa mbewu. Kuphatikiza apo, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti ichoke mwanjira iyi, chifukwa spores imanyamulidwa mosavuta ndi tizilombo komanso mphepo.
Dzimbiri ndi mzati kapena tsamba. Ichi ndi matenda achomera masamba. Zimachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni. Matenda a gooseberry amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zakunja - mawonekedwe a chikasu spores mu mawonekedwe a mawanga osasinthika mawonekedwe. Ndi chitukuko cha matendawa, malo opatsirana amatembenukira kukhala mawonekedwe a zitsamba pa masamba. Matendawa amatha kuthana ndi kukula kwa zipatsozo, chifukwa cha zomwe zimatha kugwa zobiriwira. Ngati simutayamba chithandizo, mutha kutaya mbewu yonse.
Anthracnose. Ndiwonso matenda omwe amawoneka pamasamba a chomera. Madera osangalatsa masamba, matendawa amakhumudwitsa kuchepa kwawo mwachangu. Amawoneka ngati malo amtundu wakuda. Mu nthawi zotsatila za matendawa, masamba adakutidwa ndi kutumphuka kowuma, kwamtundu wakuda. Mukapanda kuyamba chithandizo chanthawi yake, masamba ake amagwa, ndipo mbewuyo imasiya kukula.
Seporia Matendawa amadziwika ndi kufalikira msanga pamasamba a chomeracho ngati mawanga. Nthawi yowopsa kwambiri yopatsirana ndikuyamba kwa June. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawo, zizindikilo za imvi zomwe zimakhala ndi malire. Ndi chitukuko chowonjezereka, madontho akuda amawoneka m'malo. Njira yotere ya matendawa imayambitsa kupukuta msanga ndi kugwa kwa masamba. Ngakhale kuola, bowa amapitilizabe kukhala ndi masamba otsika. Chifukwa chake, ayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa. Mutha kuwona chithunzi cha matenda a jamu.
Sphereotka (powdery mildew). Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa matenda owopsa a chomera. Kupusa kwake kumakhalapo chifukwa sikukhudza ziwalo zonse, koma mbewu yonse. Nthawi yabwino yopanga matendawa ndi kutha kwa nthawi ya masika - kuyamba kwa chilimwe. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zakukula kwa matendawa zimawonekera kuchokera pansi pamasamba momwe amapangika zoyera pang'ono. Popita nthawi, matendawa akapanda kuthandizidwa, amayamba kukhala gulu lotsogola kwambiri, lomwe limadziwika ndi maonekedwe a bulauni osisitidwa. Ndi isanayambike gawo lotere, nkovuta kwambiri kupulumutsa mbewu. Kuphatikiza apo, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti ichoke mwanjira iyi, chifukwa spores imanyamulidwa mosavuta ndi tizilombo komanso mphepo.
Dzimbiri ndi mzati kapena tsamba. Ichi ndi matenda achomera masamba. Zimachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni. Matenda a gooseberry amawonetsedwa ndi zizindikiro zakunja - mawonekedwe a chikasu spores mu mawonekedwe a mawanga osasinthika mawonekedwe. Ndi chitukuko cha matendawa, malo opatsirana amatembenukira kukhala mawonekedwe a zitsamba pa masamba. Matendawa amatha kuthana ndi kukula kwa zipatsozo, chifukwa cha zomwe zimatha kugwa zobiriwira. Ngati simutayamba chithandizo, mutha kutaya mbewu yonse.
Anthracnose. Ndiwonso matenda omwe amawoneka pamasamba a chomera. Madera osangalatsa masamba, matendawa amakhumudwitsa kuchepa kwawo mwachangu. Amawoneka ngati malo amtundu wakuda. Mu nthawi zotsatila za matendawa, masamba adakutidwa ndi kutumphuka kowuma, kwamtundu wakuda. Mukapanda kuyamba chithandizo chanthawi yake, masamba ake amagwa, ndipo mbewuyo imasiya kukula.Kukhalapo kwa matenda a jamu siwokhawo wowopsa pakukula kwawo ndi kukula. Palinso tizirombo - tizirombo ta jamu tomwe timatha kuwononga mbewu yonse. Zimasokoneza masamba, mizu ndi zipatso.
Gooseberry sawfly pale. Awa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ngati mphutsi zobiriwira. Akuluakulu amafika masentimita 6, ali ndi mtundu wakuda wokhala ndi mawanga. Zitha kuvulaza mbewu. Mphutsi za msuzi zimamera mwachangu kwambiri. Amatha kuwononga tchire lonse tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Pambuyo pa mphamvu zawo zoyipitsa, chimango chokhacho chomwe chimatsalira masamba, tsamba lonse limawonongeka ndipo chomera chimaleka kukula.
Gooseberry sawfly chikasu. Mphutsi ili ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Thupi lake limakutidwa ndi zingwe zazing'ono. Akuluakulu ndi ofiira okongola. Ndiomwe amachititsa vuto lalikulu pogwiritsa ntchito masamba onse. Ngati tizilombo tapezeka, tiyenera kuchitapo kanthu.
Kuyang'anira tizilombo ta jamu:
- Poyamba, muyenera kupopera mbewuzo ndi ma tincture potengera ndi chowawa chowawa, yarrow, fodya kapena shag.
- Chida china chothandiza pakuwononga mphutsi ndi yankho la sopo ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Gwiritsani ntchito muyenera pafupifupi 0,5 kg / chitsamba.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumapereka zotsatira zabwino.
Mu nthawi yophukira, mutakolola, muyenera kumasula dothi lozungulira chitsamba. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pitchfork. Kumbani mpaka pakuya masentimita pafupifupi 10. Izi ziwononga tizilombo tonse tomwe tinabisala nthawi yachisanu.
Gooseberry moth. Chizindikiro choyamba cha kupezeka kwa kachirombo m'tchire chimangamira zipatso za masamba ndi maburashi. M'maluwa, mazira amayikidwa ndi akuluakulu, pomwe mbozi yowala bwino yobiriwira yokhala ndi mutu wakuda. Potere, zipatso zimayambitsa matenda pakukula ndi mapangidwe, osati kucha. Amayamba kuvunda ndikuuma.
Kuti mupewe mavuto awa, muyenera:
- Kuti muwononge cocoon tizilombo, muyenera kukumba dothi bwino lomwe.
- Pansi pa chitsamba muyenera kupanga peat kapena kompositi (mulching).
- Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, goose zipatso zimayenera kukhala zodera.
- Pa maluwa, gooseberries amayenera kuthiridwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa shag, anyezi, tansy, mpiru, phulusa lamatabwa. Miyezo imodzimodziyi imabwerezedwanso kawiri limodzi ndi masiku 14.
- Pambuyo pa maluwa, pa gawo la mapangidwe a fetal, gooseberries amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi lepidocide kapena bitoxybacillin.
Ngati pali zina zomwe zingayambitse ukonde mu intaneti, ndikofunikira kuti muchotse mbali za mbewuzo ndikuwononga.
Chotchinga cha Willow. Tizilombo zovulaza izi zimapezeka nthawi zambiri m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yozizira. Zishango zazilombo zimawoneka ngati timizere tiwota. Pansi pa chophimba cha mawonekedwe awa pali zachikazi ndi mazira ofiira ofiira. M'nyengo yozizira, mphutsi zimafa, ndikukhala ndi moyo panthawi ya maluwa a gooseberries. Amadyetsa kuchokera ku madzi a chomera kudzera mu suposcis yayitali.
Pofuna kuthana ndi tiziromboti, muyenera:
- Chepetsa kwambiri mphukira zowonongeka ndi chiwonongeko chawo chowonjezeracho (chitha kuwotchedwa).
- Kupukutira khungwa la chitsamba ndi laimu loterera kumayambiriro kwamasika.
- Pambuyo maluwa nthawi ya gooseberries, muyenera utsi chitsamba ndi mkuwa sopo wamkuwa.
- Ndi burashi muyenera kuyeretsa makungwa a nthambi kuchokera ku mphutsi.
Gooseberry Aphid. Amawoneka makamaka pa mphukira zazing'ono. Zikuwoneka ngati nsikidzi zazing'ono zobiriwira, zakuda ndi imvi zomwe zimamatirira kwambiri nthambi, ndikuwononga chomera. Mphukira, mothandizidwa ndi zolengedwa zokhala parasitic, zimakhala zopanda pake, ndipo masamba amapota ndikupota.
Njira zazikulu zothanirana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi yankho la sopo ochapira, madzi ndi phulusa la koloko. Ziwerengero zake ziyenera kusamalidwa motere: malita 10 a madzi, phulusa la koloko la 0,7% ndi masentimita 40 a sopo ochapira ndi ofunika. Ikani yankho pothirira kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa mbewu.
Kukonzekera kodalirika kopopera mbewu za jamu ndi Iskra, Fitoverm, Karbofos.
Matenda a jamu ndi tizirombo timachitika makamaka pa nthawi yogwira komanso kukula kwa jamu. Mlimiyo amafunika kukhala osamala kwambiri nthawi imeneyi (koyambirira kwam'mawa komanso nthawi ya Meyi / June).
Momwe mungathane ndi matenda a jamu?
Matenda a Gooseberry amafunika kuthandizidwa mwachangu, apo ayi chitsamba chitha kutayika, ndipo zoyesayesa zonse zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zikhale zopanda pake. Momwe mungathane ndi matenda a jamu?
Ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawo zapezeka, zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Copper ndi iron chloride, komanso madzi a Bordeaux. Chifukwa cha kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa goos, zizindikiro za matendawa zimayamba kuzimiririka, ndipo matendawa amakula.
- Kuti muthane ndi septoria, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito manganese sulfate, zinc ndi boron. Zinthu izi zimawonjezera kukaniza kuyambika kwa matendawa.
Kuchiritsa jamu kuchokera ku anthracnose, ndikofunikira pazizindikiro zake zoyambirira kuchitira masamba ndi yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate. Mutha kuphika ndi malita 10 amadzi ndi magalamu 40 a chinthucho. Masamba okhudzidwa kwambiri amatha kudulidwa bwino.
Dzimbiri lotundidwa limatha kugonjetsedwa ndi Bordeaux fluid. Ndikofunikira kukonza masamba kamodzi musanaphukire, pambuyo pa masiku 8-10 kachiwiri.- Kuti tichotse ufa wa powdery, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa mayankho a boron, zinc, manganese sulfate ndi mkuwa m'nthaka mozungulira chitsamba.
Kuchiritsa jamu kuchokera ku anthracnose, ndikofunikira pazizindikiro zake zoyambirira kuchitira masamba ndi yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate. Mutha kuphika ndi malita 10 amadzi ndi magalamu 40 a chinthucho. Masamba okhudzidwa kwambiri amatha kudulidwa bwino.
Dzimbiri lotundidwa limatha kugonjetsedwa ndi Bordeaux fluid. Ndikofunikira kukonza masamba kamodzi musanaphukire, pambuyo pa masiku 8-10 kachiwiri.Matenda a jamu pazithunzi amatha kuwoneka m'gawo lomaliza la nkhaniyi.
