Kusamalidwa koyenera kwa amaryllis kunyumba

Amaryllis ndiwotsogolera ku Hippeastrum idapezeka mu 1737, mitundu ingapo imadziwika, koma yotchuka kwambiri ndi Amaryllis Belladonna. Dera lokongola la maluwa okongola, choyambirira, ndi ku South Africa, koma limatha kuwoneka bwino lomwe likukula ngati mayiko a Mexico, Venezuela, Brazil. Maluwa amakula bwino kunyumba ndi chisamaliro choyenera, koma ngati mungachite mosasamala, mwina sikukutulutsa.

Hippeastrum ndi Amaryllis ndiwofanana kwambiri kuti nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka, koma ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu Hippeastrum imakhala ndi phesi la maluwa obisika komanso maluwa ang'onoang'onondi fungo labwino.

Zofunikira Panyumba

Kuti chomera chomwe mwapeza chikhale bwino, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo ndikusamalira moyenera, zomwe ndizofunikira pakukula kwake. Kutsirira, dzuwa ndi lomwe limafunikira kuti bwino duwa lakumwera lithe bwino.

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Kutsirira maluwa monga nthaka Imauma, koma muyenera kusiya kuti isume pakati pamafinyidwe ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mphika. Kupanda kutero, babuwo amatha kuvunda kapena kudwala ndi Red Burn.

Chinyezi sichofunikira kwenikweni pa duwa, koma chimayankha bwino mukapukuta masamba ndi chinkhupule chinyontho nthawi yakula, ndikuchotsa fumbi kwa iwo.

Kuthirira kwambiri kungapangitse babuwo kuvunda.

Kutentha ndi kuyatsa

Amaryllis amafunika kutentha ndi kuyatsa kutengera mtundu wake wa kukula. Ngati uku ndi gawo logawika lazinthu, ndiye kuti akufunika zenera kapena ngalande yokhala ndi gawo lakumwera lomwe lili ndi dzuwa wambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri.

Ngati ili ndiye gawo lopumulirako, dzuwa silifunikira kuti lisagone bwino m'chipinda chosambira, kumakhala kozizira bwino m'miyezi yophukira ndi kumdima, kuphatikiza chinyezi choyenera kuti mababu asafe ndikuwuma ndi kukula.

Dothi komanso kuvala pamwamba

Chomera chimafuna nthaka yokwanira michere, kuti mutha kuigula ngati mbewu yokongoletsera kapena kutenga dimba lanu, ndikuwonjezerapo pang'ono.

Ngakhale kuti miphika sinali mulifupi mwake, ndiyofunikira kuphatikiza feteleza nthawi zonsezomwe zimagwirizana ndi magawo a kukula. Chomera chikamasimba, chimaphatikizidwa ndi feteleza wokhala ndi phosphorous komanso potaziyamu yambiri.

Ikamadzaza masamba, ndiye kuti nayitrogeni wofunikira. Chifukwa, masamba ambiri alipo, makulidwewo amakula kwambiri ndipo maluwa ambiri adzaphuka.

Phosphorous-potaziyamu kuphatikiza amaryllis

Kodi kudula masamba bwanji ndikufunika

Masamba obiriwira samadula.

Tsamba likasanduka chikasu, michere yake imalowa mu bulb, potero imathandizira kuti izitha kupirira nthawi yadzuwa ndikutulutsa mchaka. Chifukwa chake, popanda kufunika kwapadera, masamba samadulidwa.

Matenda ambiri komanso tizirombo

Amaryllis sikuti sakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Koma nthawi zina zimatha kuchitika. Mwa matenda kuchokera kuthirira kwambiri pa babu kungachitike:

• Kupsa kofiyira - Imatchedwanso stagonosporosis. Kukula kwa matendawa kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndi mawanga ofiira, omwe, ngati sanachiritsidwe, amapita masamba. Chithandizo chimachitika pochotsa masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, ndipo babuwo amachotsa pamasamba ofiira, kuchotsa peel. Pambuyo pake atanyowa mu yankho la mankhwala Maxim, ngati mulibe pafupi, ndiye kuti mutha kuwukhira mu potaziyamu permanganate yamtundu wakuda wofiirira. Kuti matendawa asadzawonekeranso, ndikofunikira kusanja boma la ulimi wothirira komanso osadzalanso mbewu.
• Anthracnose - mawanga a bulauni amayenda limodzi ndi pepalalo, ndipo malire a bulauni amawoneka. Pankhaniyi, kudula masamba onse, ndipo chomera chimapakidwa ndi fungal, mwachitsanzo Ridomil Golide, ndikupanga yankho la 5 g pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Maonekedwe a matendawa amathandizira kuti chinyezi chiwonjezeke.
• Gray zowola - masamba adakutidwa ndi utoto wonyezimira. Masamba odwala amachotsedwa, enawo amathandizidwa ndi Oxychoma.

Mwa tizirombo titha kupezeka tokha Chilonda cha Amaryllis - Chochititsa nkhawa ndi kupangika kwa masamba a masamba. Kenako muyenera kukumba anyezi ndikuwunika, mwina pansi pa sikelo pali nyongolotsi zoyera mpaka 2-3 mm kutalika.

Tizilombo touluka timafunika kudulira mababu pamanja, kenako ndikunyowa kwa maola angapo mu njira yapa Confidor.

Ngati babuyo ili ndi kachilombo kwathunthu, ndiye kuti iyenera kutayidwa kuti isawononge maluwa ena onse.

Maluwa

Pansi pazabwino, maluwa maluwa okongola onunkhira a pinki.

Nthawi yamasamba ndi maluwa

Amaryllis ikayamba nthawi yomera, ndiye kuti imagwirizana ndi nthawi ya maluwa. Popeza peduncle imawonekera koyamba, ndipo pokhapokha masamba a masamba amawonekera kuchokera babu.

Ngati pakutha kwa masamba ku Amaryllis kutentha kozungulira kumakhala madigiri 20, ndiye kuti maluwa azitali komanso opitilira masiku 10.

Nthawi yopumula

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, Amaryllis amayamba nthawi yopuma, ndipo iwonso pukuta masamba awo. Babuyo imachoka nthawi yozizira, yopanda masamba.

Ngati masamba angapo owonongeka atsalira, ndiye mbewu yabwino. Kenako amaikidwa m'malo ozizira komanso amdima pomwe nthawi yawo yachisanu imachitikira.

Pakakhala nthawi yozizira, duwa silimalola kutentha kwa subzero ndipo limatha kuwola. Chifukwa chake, nyengo yachisanu yachonde ndi kutentha 8-10 madigiri.

Kuti amutulutse panthawiyi, amatengedwa kupita kumalo owala, nthawi imodzimodziyo ikukweza kutentha. Pakatha masiku 5, muvi umayamba kuwonetsa mphuno zake, kapena ngati sungayang'anire bwino, masambawo amakwera nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati Amaryllis sichikutulutsa chochita

Amaryllis limamasula pokhapokha ngati ngati ali ndi nthawi yopumira. Pambuyo pake, kutentha kukakwera mpaka 25 digiri Celsius, malo abwino amapangidwira maluwa.

Chifukwa chake, kuti babu atulutse muvi wa maluwa, ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa:

• Pa nthawi ya maluwa amafunika kuthirira munthawi yake komanso kuvala pamwamba feteleza wovuta kwa amaryllis;
• Maluwa atangotuluka kumene, babuwo amamuika mu gawo lina ndipo ngati pali ana, ndiye kuti amachotsedwa kwa mayi;
• Masamba atangokulira msanga, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, ndikuchotsedweratu;
• Gulu la kupumula kwa nthawi, komwe kumayenera kukhala pa kutentha kochepa osatentha kwambiri kuposa madigiri 10.

Panthawi yokhala matalala, mababu amaryllis amasungidwa kutentha osaposa 10 digiri

Kutsatira malamulo opusitsawa, mutha kudalira maluwa a Amaryllis.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti aang'ono kwambiri sangakhale opanda vuto, chifukwa chake adzamasamba - mkhalidwe wabwinobwino wa mababu.

Kusokonezeka

Amaluwa a Amaryllis amatha kukonzekera tsiku linalake. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukakamiza duwa - limayamba kudzuka masabata 8 asanadutse tsiku lomwe likuyembekezeka.

Zili poto kutentha ndikumunyowetsa pang'ono ndikudikirira muvi wamaluwa, womwe udzaphuke pakapita nthawi ndipo udzasangalatsa maluwa ake.

Maluwa a Amaryllis

Samalira mbewu isanakwane

Pambuyo pa maluwa, muvi womwe masamba ake sunadulidwe, koma siyani kuti ziume kwathunthu.

Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa, atapukusa michere kuchokera muivi, amalowa babu, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo amalandiranso zakudya zambiri.

Chisamaliro chinanso ndikuthilira komanso kuvalira kwa mbewu pamalowo ndi feteleza woyenera. Zonsezi zimachitika mpaka mwezi wa February ayamba kuchepetsa kuthirira, ndipo chakudya chimachotsedwa, chifukwa mu April nthawi yotsika imayamba.

Kuswana

Kubalana kumachitika ndi mbewu kapena ndi mababu aakazi.

Mbewu

Zofesedwa ndi mbewu ndikamadula maluwa ndi njuchi kapena njira zowumbirira, kenako zimacha. bokosi laling'ono lokhala ndi nthangala zakuda. Bzalani mchombo chaching'ono ndipo onetsetsani kuti dziko lapansi silikuuma.

Mwezi umodzi, mbande zimatuluka, zomwe pambuyo miyezi isanu ndi umodzi zidzasanduka mababu ang'onoang'ono ndi mainchesi a 0,5.

Mbewu za Amaryllis

Mababu a ana

Iyi ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso nthawi imodzi yotchuka kufalitsa Amaryllis.

Mababu akamafika 3 cm mulifupi olekanitsidwa ndi kupatsidwa kwa mayi, youma kwa theka la tsiku ndikubzala mumtsuko wosiyana ndi wamkulu kuti ukule.

Kusamaliranso kumakhala kofanana ndi kwa achikulire.

Mababu a ana musanakhale pansi

Gawoli

Ngati akana kugawana, akhoza kuvulazidwa, ndiye kuti amalola ana ang'ono.

Kuti muchite izi, kudula, koma osati kumapeto mzidutswa zinayi kusiya pansi yonse. Limbani kwa masiku 5 ndikuvala vermiculite popanda kuzama konse. Nthawi yomweyo, kuthirira kumachitika kuchokera poto, kuti madzi asagwere pa babu.

Pakatha mwezi umodzi, ovulalawo azikhala ndi zothandizira, zomwe zimayenera kukulira mpaka 2 cm mulifupi ndikulekanitsidwa kuti zikhale ndi moyo wodziyimira podzala mumiphika.

Thirani

Mababu onse aang'ono ndi akulu omwe amafunikira kufesedwa, kotero ayenera kuisinthidwa chaka ndi chaka, kupereka nthaka yatsopano kuti ikule bwino.

Tsatane-tsatane malangizo

Kuti mbewuyo ikhale yoyenera, chofunikira kwambiri ndikuti, mutapeza, ndikuzaza bulb mu nthaka.

1. Poto wa anyezi. Amasankhidwa ndi kukula kwa muzu ndi zokulirapo pang'ono kuposa m'mimba mwake. Ngati yabzala mu chidebe chachikulu, ndiye kuti duwa m'malo mwamasamba limayamba kukula ndi ana ndipo palibe maluwa.
2. Manda. Dongo lomwe limakulilidwa limayikidwa ngati ngalande pansi pa mphika kuti kuthirira sikumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu ya Amaryllis.
3. Kapangidwe ka dothi. Magawo awiri a turf ndi nthaka yamasamba, humus gawo limodzi, perlite kapena vermiculite gawo limodzi.
4. Dothi logula. Malo angagulidwe okonzeka kukongoletsa ndi maluwa osakhazikika, ndi gawo lochulukirapo pakuphatikizidwa kwa nayitrogeni.
5. Dothi. Ndiye kutsanulira pang'ono ndi mchenga masentimita angapo. Mchenga uwu umakhala ngati wosanjikiza womwe umadutsa madzi mwachangu, kuti uloze pansi pa babu. Kenako dziko lapansi limatsanulidwa ndikuwongoka manja ndi manja.

Ndikofunikira kuzamitsa bulb mukabzala m'nthaka ndi gawo limodzi lokha.

Zovuta zazikulu pakukula

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zomwe anthu amakumana nazo atapeza babu la Amaryllis:

1. Mutha kuyipeza kale ndi matendawa Kufiyira - chithandizo chamomwemonso chidzafunika mwanjira ina kuthekera kutaya duwa.
2. Zigawo zolondola za maluwa sichitsimikizira mawonekedwe a peduncle.

Maluwa odabwitsa awa ndi maluwa onunkhira bwino a pinki amasangalala ndi maluwa apachaka, ngati mumawona nyengo zake zokulira ndi mtendere kwa nthawi yayitali.