Phalaenopsis orchid ndiyosavuta kubzala kunyumba kuposa epiphytes ena onse. M'malo awo okhala, zachilengedwe izi zimakonda nyengo yotentha ya New Guinea, Brazil kapena Australia. Mutha kupeza maluwa okongola awa pamalo okwera kuposa 500m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Kufotokozera kwa Phalaenopsis orchid
Tsinde la mbewu iyi silikhala ngati maluwa ena, koma limakula kutalika, mpaka 50 cm. M'chaka, Phalaenopsis amapanga masamba osapitilira awiri.
Orchid pachimake kuchokera pa tsinde mpaka ndikusangalala ndi kukongola kwa miyezi 2-3. Mtundu wa inflorescence umakhala ndi kutalika kwa 60 cm, ndipo umaimira burashi wokhala ndi maluwa ambiri akulu, omwe amafika 12 cm.
Mizu ya mbewuyo inali yoyambirira. Mizu yake imapita mbali zosiyanasiyana ndipo imakongoletseka. Pogwiritsa ntchito mizu, orchid imadzipatsa yokha mchere ndi chinyezi kuchokera mumlengalenga.
Alimi olima maluwa amasiyanitsa malamulo atatu omwe ayenera kutsatiridwa posamalira maluwa:
- chinyezi chowonjezereka chimapha mizu;
- mizu imafuna mpweya ndi kuyatsa;
- Poto wamba wamaluwa ndi nthaka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi orchid pokhapokha ngati thandizo.
Momwe mungathiritsire Phalaenopsis
Malinga ndi akatswiri, thanzi komanso mawonekedwe okongola a orchid zimadalira malamulo a boma lothirira.
Phalaenopsis amatha kupirira chilala mosavuta komanso popanda zotsatira, koma madzi okwanira ndi otsutsana.
Pakati pa kuthirira, nthaka iyenera kuti idume bwino. Momwe mungadziwire kuti duwa limatha kuthiriridwa:
- Chotsani dothi zingapo mosamala ndikusaka kuti mupeze chinyezi.
- Mphika ukakhala wowonekera, ungoyang'ana momwe dothi lilili.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito kulemera kwa mphika, popeza nthaka youma ndiyopepuka kuposa kunyowa.
Pakapita nthawi, mutha kupanga pulogalamu yanu yothirira mbewuyo. Monga lamulo, nthawi yozizira orchid amathiridwa madzi masiku 14 aliwonse, nthawi yachilimwe - kamodzi pakapita masiku atatu.
Phalaenopsis yamadzi ndiyofunikira kuti nthaka ndiyonyowa. Chifukwa chiyani mumphika umamizidwa m'madzi kwa mphindi 15 ndikumapopera. Mukaloleza madziwo kukhetsa ndi kuyika mphikawo.
Madzi amafunikira ofunda, popeza Phalaenopsis ndi chomera chochokera m'malo otentha ndipo sakonda kuzizira. Njira yothirira, monga lamulo, imachitika kumayambiriro kwa tsiku, ndiye kuti chomeracho chikhala chouma madzulo. Kuti madzi, muyenera kukonzekera madzi. Poyamba umasefedwa, kenako ndikuwuphika.
Pazinthu zakuti madzi sakukwanira mmera weniweniwo unena. Ngati ilandila mchere wambiri, ndiye kuti mitundu yoyera ya masamba oundana masamba.
Zomera zowunikira
Kukhazikitsa mbewu yabwino yopanda chomera ndikosavuta. Chifukwa chomwe muyenera kukumbukira pazomwe chilengedwe chimapanga maluwa. Kuwala kochokera ku dzuwa kumalowa chomera kudzera mwa masamba.
Ndiye kuti, sankhani maluwa anu kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa zenera. Mwanjira imeneyi, Phalaenopsis adzakhala omasuka pazenera komanso pafupi nayo.
Ngati mbewuyo ili kumbali yakumwera, ndiye samalani ndi shading kuyambira masana.
Ponena za mbali yakumpoto, apa mutha kukhazikitsa orchid, koma pamasiku amafu muyenera konza zowonjezera.
Monga mbewu zambiri, maluwawo amafikira kuwalako ndikugwada, kutaya mawonekedwe, kapena kugwera mumphika. Kuti mupewe izi, ndikokwanira kuperekera Phalaenopsis nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi
M'chilimwe, kutentha kuyenera kukhala 24−29 gr., M'nyengo yozizira - 19−26 gr. Ngati mukufuna kuti chomera chikuyamba kuphuka, ipatseni kutentha kwa usiku pafupifupi magalamu 6.
Nanga bwanji za kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira - chinthu chachikulu yankhani munthawi yake mpaka kuchepa kwamphamvu kutentha pomwe mphika wokhala ndi orchid uli pafupi ndi zenera. Kusiyana kwa 11-16 gr kudzatsogolera ku kufa kwa orchid. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha hypothermia of Phalaenopsis ndi kutayika kwa elasticity ndi makwinya pa masamba.
Poganizira nyengo momwe phalaenopsis orchid imamera, chomera chimafunikira chinyezi chamlengalenga - osapitirira 55%. Ndizovuta kwambiri kukwaniritsa izi nthawi yozizira, pomwe Kutentha kwakukulu kumagwira ntchito. Mutha kukonza mavutowa munjira izi:
- Pangani gwero lonyowa. Thirani miyala yochepa mu poto ndikuwonjezera madzi pang'ono. Ikani mphika wa orchid mu poto.
- Patulani chomera kamodzi pa tsiku. Koma muyenera kuchita izi sutra, kuti mpaka madzulo orchid akhale wouma.
- Pangani cholepheretsa pakati pa Phalaenopsis ndi radiator.
Feteleza ndi nyambo, zifukwa zosinthira
Maluwa amalandira michere yonse yofunikira kudzera m'mizu. Ndiye kuti, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza amene amasungunuka m'madzi.
Pamaso nyambo isanafike, mbewuyo imafunikira kuthiriridwa, pambuyo pake idadyetsedwa ndikudikirira mpaka madzi ambiri atuluka. Chomera chowonongeka sichithiriridwa ndimavalidwe apamwamba, koma chothira.
Tisaiwale kuti maluwa okongola m'masitolo amadya othandizira kukula kwapadera, ndi feteleza, kusungunuka mumphika nthawi yayitali.
Musanadyetse kapena kufalitsa mbewu yomwe mwapeza, muyenera kuimasula kuchokera ku feteleza apadera awa. Lolani Phalaenopsis miyezi ingapo kupuma pa shopu nyambo ndipo pokhapokha amatha kuthiriridwa pang'ono ndi mavalidwe apamwamba.
Alimi olima maluwa atchule zifukwa zingapo zomwe maluwa amayenera kudulidwa:
- Phalaenopsis ali ndi muzu wowonongeka;
- Mizu ya mbewu siyalowa mumphika ndikutulutsa dothi.
Kuwonongeka kwa mizu kumawonekera pambuyo pa chisamaliro chosayenera, mwachitsanzo, kuthirira bwino, mphika umadzaza ndi madzi, dothi silinasankhidwe, kusowa kwa dongosolo lamadzi. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuwerenga mawonekedwe a mbewuyi kapena onerani kanema wamaphunziro wamomwe mungasinthire orchid.
Zomwe mungasankhe mphika, nthaka ndi kuziika
Chotengera chabwino kwambiri cha Phalaenopsis mukamagulitsa chimawoneka ngati mphika wowonekera, ndiye kuti muzindikira matenda amizu ndikupangira kuwala kofunikira kwa iwo. Ngati mukufunikira kubzala maluwa, ndiye kuti nthaka ndiyofunika kuphatikiza: makala ndi makungwa; moses ndi moss.
Ponena za kuchuluka kwake, amasankhidwa polingalira zomwe zili duwa. Nthawi zambiri, nyumba zimakhala ndi mpweya wouma. Poterepa, nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi 1/3 ya mbewa. Ngati chipindacho chili chinyezi zambiri, onjezerani pang'ono pang'ono.
Nthawi zambiri kwa oyamba kumene, funso lovuta ndi momwe mungasungire orchid kukhala dothi labwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugula mankhwala osakaniza mwapadera m'sitolo ndikugulitsa duwa mwa icho.
Kukonzekera Phalaenopsis kuti adzaika:
- Tengani orchiduyo mumphika ndikuyeretsa mizu kuchokera pansi.
- Sambani bwino kutsuka mizu ndi madzi ndikudula njira zowuma ndi zowola.
- Ngati mizu ili pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndipo mukufuna kuchotsa gawo lake lalikulu, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'anira maluwa mtsogolo.
Ntchito yoyika phalaenopsis:
- Thirani ngalande mumphika wina.
- Dzazani mphika 1/3 ndi dothi.
- Ikani mizu ya mbewu mumphika ndikuidzazitsa ndi dothi pang'ono kuti nthaka ikazitse mizu.
- Pang'onopang'ono ndikani mizu ndikuthira dothi labwino.
- Tchera khutu, mizu ya mpweya yaletsedwa kuphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
- Komanso, simuyenera kudzaza masamba ndi malo omwe maluwawa amakulira.
Momwe mungasamalire pochotsa maluwa ena kunyumba
Ngati Phalaenopsis anali wathanzi asanagulitsidwe, ndiye kuti zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi izi sizikuwoneka. Muyenera kuthilira mbewu iyi mwachizolowezi. Mukadzaona kukula kwa chitsamba, mutha kuyamba nyambo sekondi iliyonse kuthirira.
Ngati maluwa anali kudwala musanagule kapena kuti mudula mizu yambiri, ndiye kuti muyenera kukonza chinyezi chofunikira chomera. Chifukwa chiyani ikani poto ndi chomera mu thumba lowonekera ndipo mpweya kamodzi masiku awiri.
Thirani Orchid mutagula mumphika wina
Nthawi zambiri, maluwa a m'maluwa samagulitsidwa mukangogula m'misika, koma samalani ndi maluwa okongola. Komabe, pali zochitika zingapo pamene kumuyika amafunikira:
- mphika ulibe nthaka yokwanira, mizu singathe kupuma;
- orchid sagwira mumphika womwewo ndikugwa;
- tangoganiza zosintha orchid kukhala mumphika womwe mumakonda;
- mavuto aliwonse ndi mizu ya Phalaenopsis.
Momwe mungatenthe bwino Phalaenopsis molondola
Chizindikiro choonekeratu kuti nthawi yakuuma ikuyandikira ndi masamba omwe amasiya kutulutsa ndi kukhala ngati sera. Koma musathamangire kuti mumvetse zolimba ndikudula mzerewo.
Zachidziwikire, duwa lokhala ndi maluwa osalala siliwoneka bwino kwambiri, koma wamaluwa amalangiza sunthani mphika ndi chomera pamalo osawoneka bwino ndikudikirira nthawi.
Ngakhale Phalaenopsis yanu ilibenso masamba ndipo mzerewo udakali wobiriwira, osadulapo. Maluwa amangoyambanso kutulutsa maluwa, ndipo masamba amapezeka m'malo osayembekezeka: sinus of the peduncle wakale, m'munsi mwa malo ogulitsira.
Mutha kudula phesi la maluwa pambuyo kuyanika komaliza, pakadali pano, phesi louma lomwe silikhala lowoneka bwino.
Nthawi zina kudulira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira peduncle kuti ipange mawonekedwe a mbewu. Izi ndizothandiza ngati chomera chanu chili ndi ma peduncle awiri, chifukwa chokhazikitsidwa ndi nthambi imodzi. Chifukwa chake, ma orchid ndilovuta kwambiri kusungira maluwa akulu nthambi zingapo.
Kudulira Phalaenopsis kumachitika pakati pa maluwa ndi kudulira 2/3 ya peduncle. Maluwa atapanganso mphukira kapena akale akafa.
Mawonekedwe ndi nthawi yamaluwa, chisamaliro
Nthawi yamaluwa imachitika kuyambira pa maluwa woyamba. Choyamba, mbali zam'mbali zimawululidwa, pambuyo pa petal yapamwamba, ndiye kuti milomo imadziwika. Mphukira imatsegula pafupifupi tsiku limodzi. Koma duwa limakula kwa nthawi inayake: mtunduwo umadzala, matumba amachulukana pang'ono.
Choyamba, masamba omwe amawonekera ena onse asanatseguke. Ali kumapeto kwa peduncle. Maluwa oterewa adzakhala akulu kwambiri. Kuphukira kwakukulu kumayandikira kwa peduncle, momwe angakhalire.
Duwa la Orchid limatenga miyezi itatu. Pakadali pano Phalaenopsis palibe chifukwa chosokoneza ndikusuntha kupita kwina. Ngati mukufuna kuti maluwa amenewa asangalatse maluwa motalika momwe mungathere, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imakupatsirani zinthu zabwino zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopanga masamba ndi maluwa awo kutalika.
Ponena kuthirira, mawonekedwe owonjezera ndi kutentha, safunikira kuti asinthidwe maluwa, koma kuchuluka kwa nyambo kumakulitsidwa kamodzi sabata iliyonse.
Mukangotula chomera sichinaphuke nthawi yayitali, musadandaule. Uku ndikuchita kwachilendo pakusintha kwachilengedwe. Patsani nthawi ya orchid ndipo nthawi ina idzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa owala komanso okongola.
Mwinanso, kwa ena, kusunga orchid kunyumba kumawoneka kovuta. Koma kwenikweni Phalaenopsis ndiyabwino kwambiri olimba komanso osadzikuza.
Ndikokwanira kusamalira chinyezi chamlengalenga, sankhani malo abwino ndi chomeracho osachigawa ndi kuthirira. Orchid adzakhala pachimake kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikukusangalatsani ndi maluwa ake, kwambiri ngati agulugufe.
