Gomfrena ndi chomera chokongola cha herbaceous kuchokera ku banja la Amaranth, lomwe limaphatikizapo mitundu 100 ya mtundu wake. Zoyambira zenizeni za duwa sizinakhazikitsidwebe. Koma pali malingaliro akuti zidabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Australia, kum'mawa India kapena kotentha kwa South America.
Gomfren amagonjetsa ndi kukongola kwake kosafotokozeka. Chomerachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera zokongoletsera. Wamaluwa amadzala m'maluwa awo m'malo otentha. Chomera chimakonda kutentha komanso malo akuluakulu okukula.
Gomfrena ndi wamuyaya komanso pachaka. Koma olima maluwa amapereka mtundu wa mitundu pachaka. Cholinga chake ndikuti Gomfren salola nyengo yachisanu.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbewuyi, chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kusankha mitundu yoyenera pazomera zanu. Aliyense wa iwo ndi wapadera komanso wokongola m'njira yakeyake. Ndipo izi ndi zabwino chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapangitsa mundawo kukhala wapadera.
Gomfrena ozungulira Ili ndi mithunzi ingapo: kirimu, lalanje, utoto, wofiira ndi yoyera. Zomera zikatulutsa, amadyera amakutira ndi mipira yowala pa petioles lalifupi. Nthawi zambiri amagulitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, chifukwa cha izi atha kupanga "chida chamoto" chamaluwa chamaluwa. Mtengowo ndi wamtali masentimita 35, koma pali mitundu yazifupi.
Mitundu yomwe ikukula pang'ono mwa Gomfrena:
- "Buddy Woyera"(oyera);
- "Baddy aimur"(wofiirira);
- "Baddy rosea"((pinki);
- "Kusakaniza kwa pixie"(oyera-kirimu ndi lilac-pinki).
Mitundu yazakudya imakhala pachaka. Zomwe zimayambira zimakula mpaka masentimita 15. Mphukira zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe owulungika ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka masentimita 3-4. Amalekerera nyengo yachilimwe. Ogulitsa maluwa amabzala mitundu yochepa-bwino kuphatikiza ndi chilimwe china.
Gomfrena purpurea Mtunduwu uli ndi mipira yofiirira, yomwe imawoneka bwino motsutsana ndi masamba obiriwira. Zomwe zimayambira sizifikira 30cm kutalika. Bzalani mchilimwe pomwe nthaka idakola. Duwa lotere limapanga kapeti wowoneka bwino yemwe amafanana ndi kumata ndi sitiroberi. Kukongola kwa pinki kumawonekeranso bwino mumphika.
Sipobiri wa Gomfren mbewuyo idatchedwa dzina chifukwa cha masamba ofiira omwe amawoneka ngati sitiroberi. Mitengo yamaluwa imatha kukula mpaka masentimita 50. Mtundu uwu wa Gomfrena umakonda madera otentha ndi dothi lotayirira. Mtengowo umakondwera ndi maluwa ake kuyambira June mpaka Okutobala.
Gomfren wobalalika
Chimodzi mwa mbewuyo ndi maluwa owoneka ngati zipatso ndi masamba owala. Zimayambira ndi masamba obiriwira kapena, titero, timabalalika pamalopo. Mphukira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso zamtundu wa lalanje zimawoneka bwino poyang'ana kumbuyo kwa kapeti.
Mbewuyi imabodzalanso mumiphika kuti ikapeze maluwa "okongola" amaluwa. Gomfrena adasokoneza akukonda dzuwa, chifukwa chake muyenera kusankha malo otseguka, ndiye kuti maluwa ake amakula ndipo adzabowola.
Mtundu umodzi wodziwika bwino wa mbewuyi ndi "Mphete zapinki"Mphukira zake zimapakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino wa pinki ndipo zimakopa chidwi chapadera. Maluwa amasintha utoto wake utatha kuwuma. Chifukwa chake, amapanga nyimbo zokongoletsera kapena zaluso.
Gomfren Haage (golide maluwa) Mtengowu umakula mpaka masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Mtunduwu, monga ena, umakonda malo a dzuwa m'mundamo. Amakonza dothi lotayirira (mutha kusakaniza pansi ndi mchenga kapena dongo). Sichifunikira kuthirira kwapadera, choncho palibe zovuta kuziswana.
Gomfrena amadzala mbewu iyi imafanana ndi dzina lake, chifukwa imatenga kutalika kosaposa 15 cm.Gnome"Maluwa a mbewu iyi ali ndi ma carmine, oyera ndi oyera pinki. Masipika otambalala a miyendo yayifupi amakongoletsa bwino dimba lirilonse. Mtunduwu umabzalidwa m'miphika kapena umakhala m'malire mwake.
Kulima mbewu za Gomfrena
Chomera ndi amodzi mwa oimira maluwa. Ili ndi maluwa akutali kwambiri komanso ochulukirapo. Masamba amakhala owala pafupifupi mpaka chisanu. Kuti duwa lithe bwino ndikukongoletsa chiwembu cha mundawo, muyenera kuisamalira bwino.
Ndikosatheka kufesa poyera - pakhoza kukhala palibe mbande. Ndipo ngati mbewu zingapo zimamera, sangakhale ndi nthawi yowonetsera kukongola kwawo konse, popeza Gomfrena amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yakucha. Mbewu zobzalidwa m'nthaka yokonzekera (February kapena koyambirira kwa Marichi).
Kukonzekera kwa mbewu
Tengani mtsuko wagalasi. Thirani nthangala ndikuchithira ndi madzi ofunda. Bwerezani izi kwa masiku atatu, zolimbikitsidwa nthawi zina.
Pakupita masiku atatu, kukhetsa mbewu ndikutsuka. Adzikonzereni mumtsuko, pafupi ndi firiji. Pamenepo ayenera kukhala osachepera sabata.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi lotayirira
Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani mu 1: 1 chiyezo cha dimba lanyowa ndi humus. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa, koma osati yonyowa.
Kuti muwone, tengani dothi pang'ono, pofinyira m'manja ndikutaya. Chimbudzi chikasokonekera, ndiye kuti chinyezi cha dothi ndichabwinobwino.
Kukonzekera makaseti a mbande
Tengani dothi lokonzeka ndikudzaza makhaseti omera. Nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa mbewuyo siyenera kumasuka. Chifukwa chake, setsani ndi chala chanu mu foni iliyonse. Onjezani dziko lapansi m'mphepete ndikukankhanso - mudzapeza mabowo. Kenako imwani madzi ndi kuthirira maselo. Pambuyo pake, kaseti yanu yakonzeka kufesa.
Zofunika! Thirirani nthaka musanabzale mbeu! Chowonadi ndi chakuti madzi omwe mumatsanulira mu maselo azikhala okwanira.
Kubzala mbewu
Tengani nthanga zozizira zija mumtsuko ndikuziyika m'maenje a khungu limodzi. Mutha kubzala mbewu imodzi kapena ziwiri. Ngati zonse zimamera, ndiye kuti azimasuka. Kenako dzazani nyemba ndi dothi ndikudina pang'ono.
Tengani chidutswa cha cellophane ndikuphimba kaseti. Kenako ikani nthangala zanthete pamalo owala ndi otentha kwambiri. Itha kukhala chitofu kapena mapaipi otenthetsera. Muzivetsetsa kaye nsalu kuti Cassette isayime mwachindunji pamoto.
Kuwombera kumayamba m'masiku atatu. Chotsani kanemayo ndikuchotsa mbande ku dzuwa lowonekera.
Zofunika! Kuti mbewu zimere, mumafunikira kutentha kwambiri (madigiri 30 mpaka 40). Ndipo mphukira zidzakhala zachangu komanso zazikulu.
Kuthirira mbande
Yesani kuthilira madzi nthawi, koma osadzaza madzi ndi madzi. Kuchepetsa chinyezi kumapangitsa kuti matenda a fungal ayambe kutchedwa mwendo wakuda. Kuzindikira kuti ndikosavuta - zimayambira za mbewuzo zimakhala zowawa komanso zakuda.
Mbande zazing'ono sizilekerera matendawa. Kuti muchotse, tulutsani dothi, tsanulirani phulusa ndipo kwa kanthawi siyani kuthirira mbande zomwe zakhudzidwa.
Kubzala Gomfrena ndi kusamalira poyera
Dothi lirilonse ndiloyenera Gomfrena - pankhaniyi, mbewuyi ndi yodzala. Chachikulu ndikupeza malo abwino owoneka bwino m'munda mwanu. Kukumba malowa. Pangani mabowo akuya pang'ono pansi. Mtunda pakati pa mabowo kwa mitundu yayitali ndi masentimita 30, ndi mitundu yam'madzi - 20 cm.
Zofunika! Mbande za Gomfren sizimakonda feteleza wina aliyense, monga manyowa kapena kompositi.
Chotsani mbande zanu mosamala. Ngati mbande zikuwonekera ngati mizu, dulani. Kenako, ndikupita kumundako, ndikubzala mbande m'mabowo ndikudzaza ndi dothi. Mutabzala, thirani madzi.
Popeza Gomfren ali ndi mizu yotsekedwa, izitha nthawi yomweyo. Ikani mbande panja kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa June.
Celosia ndi nthumwi ya banja la Amaranth, yomwe idakulidwa nthawi yobzala komanso kusamalira poyera. Imakhala ndi maluwa okongoletsera okhala ndi ma pelette okongola kwambiri komanso osiyanasiyana, omwe amasintha kukhala zokongoletsera zokongoletsera zamaluwa kapena mawonekedwe. Mutha kupeza malingaliro onse ofunikira ndikulima komanso kusamalira chomera m'nkhaniyi.
Kudyetsa Gomfrens
Dyetsani mbande patatha masiku awiri mutangokhalitsa. Ngati chovala chapamwamba, gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mchere (potaziyamu, phosphorous, nayitrogeni).
Pangani yankho lamchere la fetelezayu, masulani nthaka ndi madzi. Muyenera kudyetsa mbewuzo kawiri musanayambe maluwa.
Zofunika! Feteleza ochulukirapo amachititsa maluwa kusowa. M'malo mophukira komanso masamba owala, mutha kumangolima masamba obiriwira okha.
Kuthirira Gomfren
Gomfrena sakonda nthaka yonyowa kapena yowuma nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, kuthirira pang'ono koma nthawi zonse kumafunikira, makamaka nyengo yotentha.
Pambuyo pa nthawi yophukira, mutha kusiya kufinya nthaka. Koma ngati nthawi iyi ya chaka kunalibe mvula kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mbeu zimafunikira kuthiriridwa nthawi zina.
Maluwa gomfrena
Gomfrena ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri. Limamasuka kwa nthawi yayitali, ndikusunga mawonekedwe atsopano.
Zomera zazitali zazomera izi zimathandiza kuti wamaluwa azisangalala ndi maluwa okongola kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe mpaka kumapeto.
Kudulira kwam'nyumba
Kuti muudule bwino Gomfren, palibe chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito pruners kapena lumo. Zimayambira zimatulukira mosavuta m'machimo pakati pa masamba. Mwanjira imeneyi mutha kusonkhetsa maluwa.
Maluwa amatha kudulidwa mulimonse maluwa, izi zimakupatsani mwayi wopeza mipira yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Koma masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri atatsiriza kupanga.
Misonkho ya Gomphrena
Mbewu zimakololedwa kumapeto kwa Ogasiti komanso kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Mbewu zoyenera kubzala zili pakatikati. Dulani inflorescence yayikulu ndikulunga ndi gauze kuti mbewu zisatayike.
Mipira ikauma, mutha kuyamba kutola nthanga. Ali m'maselo a m'munsi mwa bud, koma osati onse. Ma dummies amabwera, motero musanasonkhanitse, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti maselo ali ndi njere.
Gomfren nthawi yachisanu
Gomfren sakonda kuzizira. Ngakhale mitundu yosatha sizilekerera nthawi yozizira. Kuti mupulumutse mbewuzo ndikuthandizira kupulumuka nyengo yozizira, ziwikeni m'miphika ndikuziyika pamalo otentha. Ngati izi sizingatheke, kudula korona wouma.
Kenako ikani ma insulation kuchokera ku udzu kapena nsalu pa mizu, ndikuphimba ndi filimu pamwamba. Pambuyo nthawi yachisanu, Gomfren amasulidwa ku malo okhala. Izi zikuyenera kuchitidwa chipale chofewa chikasungunuka ndipo dziko lapansi liuma.
Kuswana kwa Gomfren
Gomfrena imangodzala ndi mbewu, chifukwa ndi chomera cha pachaka. Kubzala zinthu zitha kugulidwa pa shopu yamaluwa kapena kusonkhanitsa palokha chomera chikazimiririka.
Mbewu zimafunikira kufesedwa m'nthaka yokonzekera. Kufesa nthawi ndiye chiyambi cha masika (Marichi kapena Epulo). Mbande zibzalidwe panthaka, nyengo ikakhala yotentha.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Gomfrena amagwirizana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri mbande zimatha kuukira nsabwe za m'masamba. Koma ngati tizilombo choterechi chikaonekera, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesa kuthana nacho ndi sopo wochapa kapena phulusa. Izi ziyenera kuthiridwa mu mbewu. Ngati yankho silikuthandizira, muyenera kuthira mbewuyo ndi tizilombo.
Nthawi zina zimamupweteka Gomfren cercosporiasis. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi mawanga pamasamba ndi kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa mbewu. Pankhaniyi, iyenera kuthandizidwa ndikukonzekera fungicidal.
Mdani wina wa mbewu ndi fungal mawonekedwe pa zimayambira. Choyambitsa mawonekedwe a bowa chimakhala chinyezi chambiri. Palibe mankhwala othandiza polimbana ndi matendawa. Chifukwa chake, kuti mupulumutse zitsamba zotsalira, muyenera kutulutsa chomera chodwala.
Gomfrena kuchiritsa katundu
Gomfrena si maluwa okongoletsa okha. Ilinso ndi katundu wochiritsa. Maluwa a Gomfren amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi.
Decoctions wa inflorescences amathandiza mankhwalawa chifuwa, pachimake ndi matenda osakhazikika, chifuwa chachikulu. Ndipo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira m'thupi kwanthawi yayitali.
Maphikidwe a kuphika kwa Gomfrena
Gomfren inflorescence akhoza kukonzekera decoction kapena tiyi wamaluwa. Zakumwa izi zimabwezeretsa mphamvu, zimapatsa mphamvu mavitamini, kuyeretsa magazi ndi chiwindi, ndikuchotsa zoopsa m'thupi. Ndikofunika kuwapatsa kwa anthu omwe adachita opareshoni yayikulu kapena matenda.
Chinyengo: Supuni ziwiri za maluwa zouma, kuthira madzi otentha (300-400 ml) ndikusiya kwa mphindi 7-10. Mutha kumwa masana, onse ofunda ndi ozizira. Chomwa ichi chimakhala ndi kuwala kokoma.
Tiyi wamaluwa: Onjezerani supuni 1 yamaluwa owuma ku tiyi wobiriwira kapena wakuda ndikuthira madzi otentha (300 ml). Imwani ngati nthawi zonse tiyi 2-3 patsiku.
Gomfren ndi chomera chosalemera, koma kuti mukulitse, muyenera kuchita zina. Yesezani kutsatira malangizowo ndipo mudzatha kukula ndi kufalitsa maluwa. Ndipo adzayamika, akukongoletsa dimba lanu ndi kapeti wokongola wa mipira yokongola.
