Munda wokongola ndi wosatheka kulingalira popanda maluwa. Nthawi zambiri, mabedi a maluwa amakongoletsedwa ndi mbewu zosatha komanso pachaka zomwe zimaphuka nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Pakati pa maluwa ambiri onunkhira komanso onunkhira, wamaluwa amakonda mitundu yopanda zipatso yokongoletsera.
Eschscholitz ali m'gulu ili la maluwa, omwe maluwa ake amatalikitsanso maluwa. Kodi ndi mtundu wanji wa maluwa? Kukula kwa eschscholtia kuchokera ku mbewu, ndi zofunikira ziti kuti muzisamalire?
Kugwedezeka eschscholzia: zithunzi ndi mafotokozedwe
Wofatsa komanso wokongola eschscholzia a banja la poppy. Anthu amachitcha kuti "chowawa" chifukwa masamba omwe amakhala pamtengowo akufanana ndi chowawa. Mtengowo umadziwika kuti "California poppy", chifukwa California ndiye malo obzala duwa, limakhalanso chizindikiro cha dziko lodziwika ndi dzina lomweli.
Banja la poppy ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi khumi ndi iwiri. Eschscholzia ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu okhala nthawi yachilimwe pa chifukwa chosavuta - chokongola komanso chosasamala kuti azisamalira. Maluwa, kutengera mtunduwu, amatha kukula mpaka 60 cm. nthambi zofowoka komanso zopyapyala zimapanga chitsamba chobiriwira. Masamba pamtengowo ndiwobiriwira yaying'ono yaying'ono. Mtundu wachilendo umapangitsa masamba ake kukhala oweruka ndipo amakhala ngati opepuka. Maluwa a Eschscholtia ndi ang'ono, amafika pafupifupi 5 cm, limamasuwa pafupifupi nthawi yonse ya chilimwe. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu theka lachiwiri la Juni ndikutha mu Seputembara. Mtundu wa maluwa eschscholzia zitha kukhala zosiyana:
- chikasu chowala;
- ofiira
- lalanje
- zonona.
Pansi pazachilengedwe, duwa limamera lokha. Mbewu zake zimangobanika mosintha maluwa ndikubzala zatsopano. M'kanyumba kanyengo ndikokwanira kubzala mbewu za escholia kamodzi zikadzakula kwa zaka zambiri. Itha kudalilidwa ndi mmera.
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kuti ndizovuta kuyang'ana kutali ndi mitundu yowala ya eschscholzia. Maluwa amatha kufananizidwa ndi kuwala kowala. Mphukira zomwe zimatseguka ndi nyengo yamvula ndipo ngati kuli mitambo, zimangodumphapo. Ma inflorescence otseguka, ngati mapiko a agulugufe, amakongoletsa maluwa nthawi yonse yotentha ndi mitundu yawo yowala.
Kukula kwa nthanga mukadzala
Mu nyengo ya Russia, duwa lazika modabwitsa, iye limalekerera mosavuta kuzizira kwambiri. Eschscholzia ndiosavuta kumera, chinthu chachikulu ndikuwona nthawi yomweyo malo okhalamo. Potseguka, mbewu zimafesedwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, koma wamaluwa ena amawafesa m'dzinja. Kenako maluwa owala a eschscholtia amatha kuwoneka kale kumayambiriro kwamasika.
Ambiri okhala chilimwe pamabedi awo ndipo amakula njira za eshsoltsiya. Izi zimachitika mosavuta. Ndikokwanira kubzala mbewu mumtsuko ndikumaphukira. Kuwombera nthawi zambiri kumawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 2-3. Zikumera ziyenera kulimbikitsidwa bwino, izi zimachitika akakhala ndi masamba enieni awiri. Kuti mupeze mbande zolimba, ziyenera kudulidwamo, ndikuchotsa masamba ofooka.
Mbewu zikakulimba, iye wobzalidwa poyera. Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mtunda pakati pa mbande za 20 cm kapena kupitirira. Kutalika kwa duwa limayambira kudzadalira mitundu ya eschscholtius. Nthawi zambiri mmera womera umapangidwa kuti ukhale chitsamba kenako ndikuyamba kufalikira pansi.
Duwa limakhala ndi mizu yolingidwa ndi ndodo ndipo pachifukwa ichi ndikosavuta kuti liwonongeke likaikidwira pansi. Popeza mbewuzo ndizochepa kwambiri kuti zikule, zimayikidwa kaye pamapiritsi a peat kenako mu pulasitiki yokhala ndi dothi. Iyenera kupukutidwa mosamala ndi madzi kuchokera botolo lothira. Thirayi iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi. Mbewu zimera msanga bwino ndi kutentha kwa +! 5 + 18zaC. Munthawi yabwino, mbande zimatuluka pafupifupi milungu ingapo ndipo nthawi imeneyi mapiritsi safunika kuthiriridwa. Pogona ayenera kuchotsedwa mutangomera kumera.
Kuthekera ndi mbande kumayatsidwa malo ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa +20zaNdi. Kuthirira mapiritsi kuyenera kuchitika pamene iwuma, izi zikuwoneka ndi gulu lawo. Ngati pali chinyezi chambiri, chimayenera kuchotsedwa, chifukwa chomera chimafa chifukwa chinyezi chambiri.
Pambuyo masiku 14, mutha kupanga feteleza wa mchere mu mawonekedwe amadzimadzi. Ndikwabwino kunyamula feteleza, pomwe ma CD amatanthauza "kwa mbande." Ngakhale mbande zisanabzalidwe pamalo otseguka, zimawumitsidwa kwa maola angapo. Izi zitha kuchitika m'mawa, kubweretsa mbande pa khonde kapena pakhonde pa kutentha kwa -5zaPafupifupi milungu iwiri asanabzalidwe.
Mbande zimabzalidwa ndi mapiritsi pamtunda wa 30 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Onetsetsani kuti mwanyowetsa bwino musanabzale.
Kusamalira maluwa
Kukula kwa eschscholts ndi mphamvu kwa nyakulima aliyense. Imakhala yotsika mtengo posamalira, koma kuti mbewuzo zikule bwino ndi kutalika nthawi yayitali, ziyenera kuchitidwa maupangiri ena osamalira.
Eshsholtzia sakonda chinyezi cholimba, koma mutabzala, ndibwino kuthirira dothi kwambiri. Pa maluwa, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuthirira. Nthawi yabwino yothirira ndi madzulo. Ndi chinyezi chambiri, mizu yake imavunda.- Eschscholzia imafuna kupalira nthawi zonse ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito maudzu. Kubzala sikophweka, chifukwa mbewu imakwawa, kotero namsongole nthawi zambiri amachichotsa pamanja.
- Maluwa asanafike maluwa, ndikofunikira kumiza manyowa ngati dothi latha.
- Nthawi yamaluwa eschscholtia imakhala yayitali ngati ukufalikira kwa mitengo yamkaka pamiyeso kumachotsedwa pakapita nthawi. Kutola mbewu, ndikokwanira kungosiyira maluwa ochepa. Thumba la mbewu litayamba kukhala la bulawuni, mutha kutola mbewuzo.
Eshsholtzia sakonda chinyezi cholimba, koma mutabzala, ndibwino kuthirira dothi kwambiri. Pa maluwa, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuthirira. Nthawi yabwino yothirira ndi madzulo. Ndi chinyezi chambiri, mizu yake imavunda.Zomera ndizodabwitsa kufalitsidwa ndi kudzilimbitsaosawopa nyengo yachisanu. Mutabzala mbande, chaka chotsatira zimapatsa mbande zambiri zatsopano zomwe zimakula bwino ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika. Kwa malingaliro oterowo, eschscholzia mosangalatsa ndi mtundu wowala ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali imakongoletsa chiwembu cha anthu.
