Zomera matayala (Iresine) imagwirizana mwachindunji ndi banja la amaranth. Mitundu iyi imagwirizanitsa mitundu 80 yazomera zosiyanasiyana. Mwachilengedwe, amatha kupezeka ku Australia, America, komanso kuzilumba monga Antilles ndi Galapagos.
Iresine amaimiridwa ndi zitsamba, zomera za herbaceous, ndi mitengo yomwe ili ndi nthambi zokulira. Zolemba zokhala ndi mapepala ozungulira kapena ozungulira, ochepa, okhala lanceolate-wide. M'mphepete mwa pepalalo muli mano ang'ono. Inflorescence kutulutsa, kunja kwambiri ngati khutu.
Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa ndi mitundu monga liren ndi arebberry herbst. Mitunduyi imakhala yamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha masamba awo okongoletsa, omwe ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala, ndipo zimabzalidwe pamiyendo pamphepo.
Kusamalira matayala okumba kunyumba
Kupepuka
Sikulimbikitsidwa kuyiyika kokha pazenera lakumpoto, kwa ena ndizotheka. Maluwa oterowo ndi ojambula bwino ndipo amakonda kuwala kowala. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ngati ili pa zenera lakum'mwera, ndiye kuti nthawi yamasana ndiyofunikira kuti nyali zibalalike, chifukwa mwina kuwotcha kumawoneka pamasamba. Kuwongolera dzuwa, matayala a mphira amaphunzitsidwa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati chomera chimayikidwa pansi pa nyali za fluorescent, ndiye kuti masana ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi pafupifupi 14.
Njira yotentha
Chomera ichi sichikhala ndi boma lotentha. M'chilimwe, mbewuyo imakula bwino ndipo imaphukira pa 15 mpaka 25 digiri, ndipo nthawi yozizira - kuyambira madigiri 15 mpaka 20. Onetsetsani kuti nthawi yozizira kutentha m'chipindacho sikotsika madigiri 12, chifukwa mukapanda kuola, maluwa adzayamba kugwa, ndipo pamapeto adzafa. Ngati nthawi yotentha imakhala yotentha kwambiri, masamba ake amatayika.
Momwe mungamwere
Kuthirira chomera chotere, madzi ofewa, otetezedwa (osachepera maola 24) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati madzi apampopi ndi ovuta, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisinthe ndi madzi amvula. Mu nthawi ya masika, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, kuthirira kumachitika mukangomaliza kupangika kwa gawo lapansi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, koma kumbukirani kuti sizingatheke kulola dothi kuti liumirike mumphika. Iresine molakwika amakumana kuti wosefukira ndi kuyanika gawo lapansi. Zikatero kuti nthawi yozizira kutentha m'chipindacho sikungochepetse madigiri 16, ndiye kuti kuthirira duwa kumayenera kusowa.
Chinyezi
Zimamveka bwino ngati chinyezi chochepa kwambiri m'nyumba zogona mizinda. Komabe, kupukutira masamba kuchokera ku sprayer sikungakhale kolakwika.
Feteleza
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayenera kuchitika nthawi ya kasupe-chilimwe nthawi 1 m'masiku 7. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani feteleza wa organic kapena mchere. M'nyengo yozizira, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika nthawi zambiri osakwana nthawi 1 m'masabata 4, pamene muyezo wa feteleza umachepetsedwa 2 nthawi (poyerekeza ndi chilimwe).
Kudulira
Chitsamba cham pachaka chimachitika kuti chiwongola dzanja chisathe. M'pofunika kutsina mwachindunji apical mphukira. Kudulira kwakukulu kumalimbikitsidwa mwezi watha wozizira, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti duwa lakale bwino.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Ngati mukukula matayala amtchire ngati pachaka, ndiye kuti mutha kuchita popanda kumuika. Mukakulitsa monga osatha kumuika uyenera kuchitika nthawi imodzi mwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Dothi loyenera liyenera kukhala acidic pang'ono. Pofuna kukonzekera osakaniza, muyenera kuphatikiza peat, turf ndi dothi labwino, komanso mchenga ndi peat, womwe uyenera kutengedwa mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 4: 4: 1: 1. Pansi pa thankiyo, musaiwale kupanga dothi labwino, chifukwa njerwa zosweka kapena dongo lokwanilitsidwa ndilabwino.
Njira zolerera
Kudula kudula kuchokera ku mbewu za amayi ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa dzinja mpaka pakati pa nthawi yamasika. Kenako, zimabzalidwa mumchenga. Kutentha kuyenera kusungidwa pamlingo wa 17 mpaka 20 madigiri, momwemo kuzika kwamizu kumachitika pambuyo pa masiku 7-10. Zodulidwa mizu zibzalidwe m'miphika yosiyana, yomwe imayenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi turf, tsamba ndi humus kumtunda, komanso mchenga, wotengedwa muyezo wa 2: 2: 2: 1. Zomera zazing'ono zimafuna kutentha kwa madigiri 19 mpaka 21. Kudula ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutengedwe kuchokera ku mbewu zazing'ono zomwe sizinataye mawonekedwe awo okongoletsa.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Aphid, whiteflies ndi nthata za akangaude zingathe kukhala pamtengowo.
Chomera chimadwala, nthawi zambiri chimachitika chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino:
- Chomera chimatsitsa masamba - ngati izi zichitika mumalingaliro achichepere, zikutanthauza kuti amachepetsa kapena adapangidwa kuti aziganiza. Kuvunda kwa masamba mu chomera chachikulire ndi njira yabwinobwino.
- Zomwe zimayambira zimadalirana - Kuwala koyipa.
- Chomera chikugwa - ngati izi zichitika m'chilimwe, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ilibe madzi okwanira, kapena kusayenda kwamadzi m'nthaka.
Ndemanga kanema
Mitundu yayikulu
Iresine lindenii (Iresine lindenii)
Chomera chamtundu wobiriwira choterechi chimapezeka m'chilengedwe m'nkhalango zotentha za Ecuador. Tsinde la penti wofiirira ndipo limatalika pang'ono masentimita 50. Pamwamba pa masamba ofiira amdambo mumakhala mitsempha yambiri yopyapyala yokhala ndi utoto wonenepa. Kutalika kwa masamba otumphukira koteroko kumafikira masentimita 6. Ngati mbewuyo idulira, imayamba kubzala mwamphamvu, pomwe masamba akucheperachepera masamba amakula mwachangu.
Herbst Iresine (Iresine herbstii)
Chitsamba chamuyaya choterechi m'chilengedwe chimapezeka m'nkhalango zamvula zam'malo otentha a Brazil. Zimayambira ndi zofiira mu utoto ndipo zimatha kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 40. Masamba ozungulira amakhala ndi mawonekedwe amitima. Masamba opakidwa utoto wofiirira, ndipo mitsempha yofiyira ili pamwamba pawo. "Aureoreticulata" osiyanasiyana amasiyanitsidwa ndi mphukira wofiira ndi masamba a masamba. Pa mbale zamasamba obiriwira pali mitsempha yofiyira kapena yagolide. "Wallisi" yosiyanasiyana ndi mtengo wophuka wokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono amtundu wofiirira.
