Alstremeria ndi mbewu yobiriwira yomwe maluwa ake amafanana ndi kakombo. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma bouquets, chifukwa chakuti amatha kukhalanso mwatsopano (kudula) kwa nthawi yayitali (mpaka milungu iwiri).
M'malo abwino, alstremeria imatha kutalika mamita awiri. Mtundu wa ma petals umasiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu. Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zopangira maluwa, chomera chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga nyimbo zosiyanasiyana pakupanga mawonekedwe (kupanga mabedi a maluwa, kukongoletsa ma hedges, greenhouse ndi zina zambiri).
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Pali mitundu yambiri ya alstroemeria, makamaka popeza otulutsa maluwa amafunitsitsa kuyesa kowoneka bwino ndi mitundu ndi mitundu, kotero chaka chilichonse mitundu yambiri yowonjezerapo imawonekera. Ganizirani zokhazo zotchuka, zokhazikika komanso zotsimikiziridwa.
Golden Alstremeria - ali ndi maluwa achikasu kapena amtundu wa lalanje, komanso maluwa amtundu wosazungulira patsamba. Zimayambira zimafikira kutalika pafupifupi mita.
Alstremeria Peruvia - ali ndi maluwa ofiirira - ofiirira, amatha kupirira kutentha pang'ono, kuti mutha kubzala mosabisala.
Alstroemeria wa ku Brazil - wamtali wamtundu, amatha kufikira mamita awiri kutalika. Masamba ndiwowoneka ngati mkondo, inflorescence yosalala imatha kukhala ndi maluwa opitilira 30 obiriwira.
Kukongola kwa Alstremeria - ali ndi maluwa a lilac kapena a buluu. Imakula mpaka kutalika kwa 1.5-1.7 m.
Alstroemeria Virginia - osiyanasiyana kutalika kwapakatikati (0.7-1 m) ndi maluwa akuluakulu oyera-oyera chipale, m'mphepete mwake omwe pang'ono amawonekera. Maluwa amayamba mu June.
Alstremeria Canaria - osiyanasiyana wamtali (oposa mita imodzi ndi theka), wokhala ndi maluwa achikasu ndi madontho amdima pa iwo. Kutulutsa koyamba kwa maluwa kumatenga mwezi wa March mpaka June, ndipo kwachiwiri kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Okutobala.
Alstremeria King Kadinala
Mitundu yayitali (mpaka 1.5 m), yofanana ndi yoyamba ija, koma ndikuwunikira kwambiri, zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimayikidwa zimayang'aniridwa, kotero muyenera kusamalira thandizo.
Mitundu iyi imakhala ndi maluwa ofiira. Kuphatikiza apo, maonekedwe ofanana ndi orchid amadziwika kwambiri pano. Maluwa akulu amapezeka mchaka, koma amatha kuphukiranso mu kugwa.
Alstremeria Regina - mawonekedwe a haibridi, ali ndi maluwa ofiira otuwa ndi otupa.
Alstroemeria wamagazi maluwa - mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, alstermeria iyi imakhala ndi mnofu wolimba. Mu inflorescence, muli malalanje pafupifupi 15 okhala ndi maluwa okongola a maluwa. Kutalika kwa mphukira kuli pafupifupi mita imodzi.
Alstremeria lalikazi - maluwa ali ndi utoto wowoneka bwino wa apurikoti, simungathe kuutcha njira ina iliyonse, komanso pamakhala malo achikasu pamwala umodzi kapena awiri. Kusiyana kwina ndi mawanga a bulauni pamasamba. Kuphatikiza apo, masamba adakhazikika muntunduwu (mwachitsanzo, mbali yake ya m'munsi ili pamwamba).
Mapiko oyera a Alstremeria - Duwa loyera chipale chofewa lidapambana mitima ya ambiri maluwa. Imakhala ndi tsinde lolimba (mpaka mamitala awiri), masamba akuluakulu, ndipo koposa zonse - limamasula nthawi yonse ya chilimwe, ndikupumula kwa masabata angapo (mwina mu Julayi kapena Ogasiti).
Alstroemeria kugwera ndi chisamaliro chagolide
Pakulima, ndibwino kusankha malo pomwe dzuwa limangokhala m'mawa, kenako, mwachitsanzo, limabisala kumbuyo masamba masamba. Kuwala kwamtunduwu komwe kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa alstroemeria.
Kuzindikira kuti thunthu la chomera chaching'ono ndilosalimba, muyenera kuwathandiza ndi kuwateteza ku zojambula ndi mphepo zamphamvu.
Pankhani yakulima kwa maelemu m'malo otentha, malo okhawo abwino osungiramo maluwa ndiwowonongera kapena kutentha.
Kusamalira pafupipafupi ndikofunikira kuti maluwa azisamalidwa bwino, ndipo ali ndi izi: dothi lozungulira tchire liyenera kukhala lonyowa nthawi zonse, lopanda maudzu, komanso lotchingidwa, kuteteza mizu kuti isamatenthe kwambiri ndi dzuwa.
Belamkanda Chinese ndi chomera chokongola komanso chokongoletsera. Amabzalidwa nthawi yobzala ndi kusamalira poyera popanda zovuta, ngati mumatsatira malamulo aulimi. Mutha kupeza malingaliro onse ofunikira m'nkhaniyi.
Dothi la Alstremeria
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yosalowerera kapena acidic pang'ono, koma ndi madzi abwino.
Patani manyowa oyenera kuti mutha kuwola manyowa ndi udzu wochepa (gawo) wokumbidwa ndi dothi pamalowo.
Feteleza wa alstroemeria
Kuti maluwa atuveke komanso owala bwino, kudyetsa pafupipafupi ndikofunikira. Chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, masamba oyamba asanawonekere, feteleza wachilengedwe wokhala ndi potaziyamu amawonjezeredwa, ndipo nthawi ya maluwa (nthawi 2-3) - feteleza wa nayitrogeni.
Ngati mungadumphe, masamba ndi maluwa ayamba kumera, ndipo maluwa angayime konse.
Kukonzekera yozizira ku Alstremeria
Popeza tikulimbana ndi chomera chamtundu wanthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kusamalira pogona yodalirika nthawi yachisanu, makamaka tchire laling'ono.
Kuti muchite izi, mu kugwa, gawo lonse mlengalenga limadulidwapo, wosanjikiza wa masamba owuma umayikidwa pamwamba, ndiye filimu ya pulasitiki, kenako wosanjikiza udzu kapena mulch.
Kufalikira kwa Alstroemeria pogawa chitsamba
Alstremeria imatha kufalitsidwa ndikugawa chitsamba - iyi ndiye njira yachangu kwambiri. Gawo akhoza kuchitika pambuyo maluwa. Chitsamba chimagawika magawo angapo kotero kuti magawowo ali ndi malo okukula a 5-6.
Gwirani ntchito ndi mpeni wakuthwa kapena secateurs, ndikuchotsera mbali zotheka. Wobzala patali kwambiri osati 50-60 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Ngati pali zitsamba zofowoka kapena zowonongeka, ndiye kuti ziyenera kudulidwa, apo ayi zimapezanso mphamvu kuchokera pakamphepo, kenako kufooketsa chitsamba. Sipadzakhala maluwa chaka choyamba, kapena chofooka kwambiri.
Kulima mbewu za Alstremeria
Njira yachiwiri yoberekera ndi mbeu. Choyamba, mbande zakonzedwa. Mbewu zofesedwa mu Epulo-Meyi, mu gawo lonyowa la sod mu chiyerekezo cha 2: 1. Mphukira zoyambirira zimatha kuwonedwa patatha milungu itatu.
Kupanulira ndiye kumachitika. Chomera chaching'ono chikakhala ndi masamba ake asanu ndi amodzi ndi asanu ndi amodzi, ndipo nyengo yotentha mumsewu ndi yotentha ndi dzuwa, mutha kubzala alstroemeria pamalopo.
Kumbukirani kuti kumera kwa mbeu kumangokhala zaka zitatu zokha, ndiye musazisunge.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Kulephera imvi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa dothi kongopanga, kapena mvula yayitali. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa chosakwanira ngalande kuzungulira chomera kapena kusakhalapo kwathunthu, madzi akukhazikika pamizu amapezeka ndikuvunda. Monga njira yolepheretsera, kuti muteteze, ma rhizomes amathiriridwa ndikuthiridwa ndi yankho la fungicide.
Pakati pa majeremusi omwe mungakumane nawo akangaude, aulesi, mbozi, kuponya ndi nsikidzi. Potere, madera onse omwe akhudzidwa amachotsedwa limodzi ndi majeremusi. Masamba ndi nthambi zomwe zimatenthedwa zimawotchedwa kuti zisatayike kapena kutenga kachilomboka. Pambuyo pokhapokha, kukonzekera kwapadera kumakonzedwa.
