Amadziwika kuti Emperor Peter ndimadziwa zambiri paphikidwe ndipo amakonda kudya bwino komanso chokoma. Ndipo kuposa mbale zina, ankakonda zojambulajambula. Ndipo kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka za XX, artichoke idali mbale wamba patebulo la anthu olemera aku Russia. Tsoka ilo, mzaka zamphamvu za Soviet, chikhalidwe cha kulima kwake chidayiwalika ndipo ndizosowa kwambiri m'minda yathu. Koma pachabe: atitchoku sikuti amangokhala chokometsera komanso chomera chokongoletsera komanso chida chamtengo wapatali chamankhwala.
Artichoke inflorescences. © 3268zauberKodi artichoke ndi chiyani?
Artichoke ndi wobala herbaceous chomera cha aster banja. Kunja kumafanana ndi nthula, koma ndimasiyana kakakulu ka utoto kapena utoto wa buluu. Zomera zodabwitsa izi zimatha kukongoletsa udzu m'mundamo kapena m'munda wa mwala, ndikugwirizana bwino ndi miyala ndi dziwe. Mu malo amodzi, artichoke imakula zaka 5-10. Chomera chabwino cha uchi: tsiku limodzi njuchi zimayendera mtanga uliwonse wa inflorescence zoposa 3,000.
Artichoke (Cynara) ndi mtundu wa mbewu za banja la Asteraceae. Mitundu yoposa 140 ya mbewuyi imadziwika, koma ndi 40 okha omwe amadya, ndipo nthawi zambiri kuposa ena - Artichoke Spanish, kapena inoculum (Cynara Cardunculus).
Zothandiza zimatha artichoke
Artichoke ndi yothandiza kwambiri, makamaka kwa ana ndi okalamba. Ichi ndi chakudya chamtengo wapatali chomwe chili ndi mapuloteni, mchere wa potaziyamu, magnesium ndi sodium, mavitamini C, BT, B2, carotene, chakudya, makamaka inulin - cholowa m'malo mwa wowuma ndi shuga kwa odwala matenda a shuga.
Thupi lotsika la artichoke lokhala ndi kukoma kwake kosangalatsa kwambiri ndilothandiza kwambiri chifukwa limakhala ndi cynarin, yofunikira kwa odwala omwe ali ndi atherosclerosis. Cinarin amakhalanso okodzetsa ndipo ndi mankhwala a poizoni wa alkaloid. A decoction a artichoke madengu okhala mwatsopano mazira yolks nthawi zina amalimbikitsa kudzimbidwa ndi chiwindi matenda.
Madzi ndi decoction ya udzu amateteza kagayidwe kazinthu, motero amakonzekera odwala omwe ali onenepa kwambiri. Tiyi wa Artichoke waledzera chifukwa cha matenda am'mimba. Artichoke ndi yothandiza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi acidity yayikulu, chifukwa imakhala ndi mchere wambiri wa sodium ndi potaziyamu, womwe uli ndi katundu wamchere.
Artichoke inflorescences. © Sally LukerKoma katundu wofunika kwambiri wa artichoke ndi kuchiza komanso kupewa matenda a chiwindi ndi a biliary thirakiti. Yemweyo cynarin ali ndi kutchulidwa kwambiri kwa choleretic, chifukwa chake, madzi ndi decoction ochokera pamasamba amatengedwa ngati matenda a chiwindi, dyskinesia wa biliary ndi aimpso hepatic insufficiency.
Kodi mumadya chiyani ndi artichoke?
Artichoke ndimtengo wapatali. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa aristocrat ya masamba azomera. Chofufumira cholimba cha mabasiketi a inflorescence, komanso maziko owonda amizere yamagawo okuta, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya. Kunja, inflorescence imafanana ndi ma cones. Izi masamba-inflorescence amasonkhanitsidwa ngakhale maluwa asanafike, pomwe mamba akuyamba kutseguka.
Saladi imakonzedwa ku artichoke yaiwisi ndi zamzitini, ndipo imadyedwa m'mafuta owiritsa ndi sosi zosiyanasiyana. Amatsuka, kusesa ndi kuphika ma artichok mu mbale zopanda mbale. Pukutirani pang'ono burggos maluwa amkati kuchokera mkati ndikuthandizira pomwepo ma cones m'madzi ndi mandimu kuti asade. Artichokayi amaphika osaposa mphindi 10-15. Zakudya zambiri zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku artichoke. Amawiritsa ndi kuwiritsa, kuwiritsa, kukongoletsa, ndi kuwaphika msuzi.
Makamaka pazomera za artichokeKodi mukukula bwanji artichoke?
Zachidziwikire, artichoke ndi chomera chakumwera, koma posachedwapa wamaluwa wamaphunziro aphunzira kulima panthaka lotukuka kumadera ena. Zinapezeka kuti iye si wofatsa: amalekerera chisanu kuchokerapo kuyambira awiri - opanda atatu komanso mpaka 10 ° C (ngati amakhala osakhalitsa). Malangizo a masamba, komabe, amatha kuzizira, koma atsopano amatuluka mwachangu kuchokera ku maluwa.
Kodi mukukula bwanji artichoke? Munthawi ya nyengo yathu ya nyengo pamafunika kukula kokha kuchokera mbande. Kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, muyenera kunyowetsa mbeu ndikusunga madzi osamba osachepera maola 12 mpaka atatupa kwathunthu. Kenako kukulani mu nsalu yonyansa ndikusunthira kumalo otentha ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 25-30. Pambuyo pa masiku 5-6, mbewu zikayamba kumera, zimayikidwa m'firiji kwa masiku 15-25.
Mbeu za Artichoke zomwe zimamera ndi masentimita awiri zimafesedwa pamtunda wosachepera 3 cm kuchokera ku bokosi ndi zosakaniza zadothi zomwe zimakhala ndi humus, turfy lapansi ndi mchenga wofanana. Pambuyo pakuwonekera masamba 3-4, chomeracho chimabzalidwa mumiphika. Kumapeto kwa Meyi, mbande za artichoke zibzalidwe m'nthaka mtunda wa 30-40 cm.
Artichoke mmera. © Thistle-MundaCareichoke
Artichoke amakula bwino pazakudya zomanga thupi. Zimapatsa chidwi ndi malo okhala ndi dzuwa, osaloleza kutulutsa kwamadzi: muzu wakuya kwambiri ukhoza kuvunda.
Panyengo yachilimwe, mbewuyo imadyetsedwa kangapo ndi njira ya mullein ndi feteleza ndi zinthu zina: supuni imodzi pa 10 malita a madzi. Nyengo yadzuwa, imathiriridwa musanayambe maluwa. Kwa nthawi yozizira, artichoke iyenera kuphimbidwa bwino ndi humus kapena dziko lapansi, monga maluwa nthawi zambiri amaphimbira. Mu kasupe amamasulidwa ku malo okhala, mphukira zazing'ono zimagawidwa ndikubzala.
Zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito: T. A. Grigorenko
