Azalea

Azalea ndi chimodzi mwazomera zokongola zamkati, chifukwa chimaphuka kwambiri. Komabe, nthawi zambiri olima maluwa amadandaula kuti patapita kanthawi pang'ono maluwa atafa, amwalira. Chowonadi ndi chakuti azalea ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri. Pofuna kuti duwa lisapukutike ndi kutaya masamba, ndikofunikira kuyesa kupanga malo abwino kwambiri olimapo. Pokhapokha ngati azaleas ataperekedwa ndi chisamaliro choyenera amatha kuphuka modabwitsa komanso modabwitsa.

Mawonekedwe Azalea

Azalea ndi mtengo wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi nthambi zake zonse. Amachokera ku China ndi Japan, koma zachilengedwe izi zimatha kupezeka ku North America komanso kumwera kwa Europe. Duwa lamkati ili ndi amtundu wa rhododendrons. Kuchokera ku Greek, "Rhodon" amamasuliridwa kuti "rose," ndipo "dendron" amatanthauzidwa kuti "mtengo." Chifukwa chake, rhododendron itha kutanthauziridwa kuti "rosewood." Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku lakale lachi Greek, "azalea" amatanthauza "youma." Dzinali limagwirizanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndi shrub yaying'ono youma.

Ku Russia, azalea adawoneka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri, ndipo poyamba adalimidwa kokha m'malo obiriwira kapena minda yaziphuphu. Mu nthawi zachilengedwe, pafupifupi mitundu 350 ya mbewuyi imapezeka. Komabe, awiri okha aiwo amakula kunyumba, ndipo azalea aku India ndiwodziwika kwambiri. Mtunduwu ndi chitsamba chobiriwira chomwe kutalika kwake sikuposa theka la mita. Masamba ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda wobiriwira, kutalika kwake sikoposa 35 mamilimita. Pamaso pake pali masamba ofiira. Maluwa amawoneka nthawi yozizira, ndi maluwa kudutsa mpaka 30-50 mamilimita. Azalea aku Japan amakhalanso ndi chitsamba chobiriwira, kutalika kwake kumatha kusiyana ndi 0,3 mpaka 0,5 mita. Mapepala ake ooneka bwino ndi ochepa kwambiri. Umodzi umasiyana ndi mitundu yam'mbuyomu kukula kwa maluwa; ali ndi zochepa. Mtunduwu umatha kulimidwa m'munda.

Maluwa azalea chipinda chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake. Amayamba kuphuka ali ndi zaka zitatu kapena zinayi. Nthawi zambiri, maluwa ake amapakidwa utoto waku pinki, koma amatha kukhala ofiira owoneka bwino, ofiirira, oyera, otuwa, komanso ena okhala ndi mawu awiri. M'maluwa, ma phale amakhala otsika-kawiri, kawiri komanso ngakhale. Masamba obiriwira odera obiriwira ndi ochepa kukula.

Ngati mugula tchire lakufalikira la azalea, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe yemwe pali masamba ambiri osagwirizana. Chowonadi ndi chakuti duwa lotere limasinthika mosinthika kwambiri, ndipo maluwa ake amakhala atali, opusa komanso owoneka bwino. Chikopi china chogulidwa chiyenera kuyesedwa mokwanira, poyesa kuzindikira zizindikiro za matendawa kapena kupezeka kwa tizirombo, ngati chilipo. Kokani chitsamba pang'ono, ngati muwona masamba owuma, ndiye kuti izi zitha kutanthauza kuti duwa limadwala kapena linasamaliridwa bwino.

Home Azalea Care

Ngati azalea okulirapo atasamalidwa bwino, adzaphuka bwino kwambiri, mokongola komanso kwanthawi yayitali.

Kuwala

Maluwa atagulidwa, ayenera kupeza malo abwino kwambiri mnyumbamo. Chomera ichi ndi chojambulidwa, koma chimafunikira kutetezedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pankhaniyi, pakukula kwake, muyenera kusankha windowsill of oriental oriental, zenera lomwe lili kumpoto kapena kumadzulo lakonso ndi koyenera. Ndikofunikanso kuganizira kuti kuunikako kuyenera kumwazikana, koma azalea imamveka bwino pamthunzi. Mu Okutobala ndi Novembala, pomwe mbewuyi imapanga masamba, izifunikira kuwala kwakukulu. Kuunikira kwabwino kumatha kuchitika pounikira maluwa ndi nyali za fluorescent.

Kutentha

Kuwongolera kutentha koyenera kumakhalanso ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa mbewu monga azaleas. Duwa ili, lomwe limakulitsidwa kunyumba, silili pakati pa okonda kutentha. Kutentha kwabwino pakulima kwake ndi kuyambira madigiri 15 mpaka 18. Pakupanga masamba, adzafunika kutentha pang'ono - 10-12 madigiri. Ngati mukubzala azaleas kuti musunge kutentha koyenera, ndiye kuti maluwa adzakhala okongola, owoneka bwino komanso a nthawi yayitali. M'nyengo yotentha, ndizovuta kusunga kutentha kofunikira. Olima maluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kusunthira kukhonde panthawiyi, koma sikuyenera kukhala kumwera. Ngati chipindacho chili ndi zowongolera mpweya, muyenera kuyesetsa kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa mpweya mkati mwake kulibe madigiri 20.

Chinyezi

Chomera choterocho chimafunikira kupereka chinyezi chowonjezereka. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupopera mankhwala nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku sprayer, ndipo madzi ozizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa. Nthawi yamaluwa, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri chifukwa ngati chinyontho chikufika pamwamba pa maluwa okoma, amatha kuyamba kuda. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuyika zotsegulira zingapo zotseguka ndi madzi kuti zithandizire mpweya kuzungulira chomera. M'chilimwe, ngati mungafune, azalea amatha kusamutsidwira kumweya wabwino, mwachitsanzo, ikani m'munda. M'nyengo yozizira, nyengo yotentha ikayamba, chisamaliro chachikulu chiyenera kulipidwa mpaka mulingo wa chinyezi.

Momwe mungamwere

Kutsirira koyenera ndikofunikanso ndikamakula chipinda cha azaleas. Imakhala ndi mphamvu pa kakulidwe ndi zomera za chitsamba chotere. Ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuthirira, ndipo kupewa tchire, muyenera kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa:

• ndikofunikira kuthirira chomera mwadongosolo, pomwe nthawi ya maluwa, kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kochulukirapo;
• nyemba zadothi zomwe zili mumphika zisamaume, ngati izi zachitika, chomera pamodzi ndi mphikacho chimayenera kumizidwa mchombo chodzazidwa ndi madzi ofunda kwa maola awiri, pomwe nthawi yomweyo chinyontho chimalowetsedwa m'nthaka;
• gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono nthawi zonse;
• kunyowa kwambiri kwa gawo lapansi kuyenera kuphatikizidwanso;
• kuchokera poto ndikofunikira kuthira madzi othiridwa, apo ayi chizungulire chitha kuvunda;
• ngati madzi a pampopi agwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira, ndiye kuti ayenera kusiyidwa kuti ayime osachepera masiku awiri, munthawi yomwe chlorine imasuluka ndipo sangathe kuvulaza chitsamba;
• ndibwino kuthirira azalea ndi madzi osungunuka, omwe ayenera kukhala ozizira;
• kupanga maluwa kukhala ochulukirapo, chitsamba chimafunika kuthiriridwa kamodzi m'masabata awiri (osatinso kawiri kawiri) ndi chisakanizo chophatikizira madzi okhazikika ndi madontho awiri kapena atatu a mandimu.

Dothi

Pakulima azaleas kuchipinda, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yokhala ndi acidic, pomwe pH yake imayenera kukhala 44,5. Ngati mungafune, mu shopu yapadera mutha kugula dothi losakaniza, lomwe ndilothandiza kukula kwa mbewu. Komanso, mutha kupanga zosakanikirana zapansi pano ndi manja anu, chifukwa muyenera kuphatikiza masingano, mchenga wozungulira, ndi mchenga, womwe umatengedwa muyezo wa 1: 2: 1.

Kuchepetsa ndi kudulira

Kuti apange chitsamba chokongola ndi chobiriwira, komanso maluwa ochulukirapo, mbewuyo iyenera kuonetsetsa chisamaliro choyenera. Ndipo pa izi muyenera kupeza panthawi yake ndikutsina ndi mphukira zokulira. Pamene shrub limamasula, zidzakhala zofunikira kudula maluwa onse omwe afota kale. M'mwezi wa Meyi, ndikofunikira kuyamba kudulira nthawi zonse kwa achinyamata, omwe amayambira posachedwa, pomwe amafunikanso kukhazikika. Ngati mungayang'ane ndikutsina molondola, komanso munthawi yake, mudzatha kuonetsetsa kuti masamba amapangidwe pamalangizo a zimayambira. Dulani azaleas, akatswiri amalangizi, omwe amapangidwira makamaka kwa satateurs awa. Kudula nthambi zonse za shrub popanda kusiyapo sikofunikira konse. Kuchepetsa kumatha kumangika muzochuluka zomwe zimakulitsidwa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a masamba achichepere amawonekera patatha pafupifupi theka la mwezi atadulira.

Feteleza ndi zopatsa mphamvu zokula

Azalea wamkulu m'mipinda zinthu ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi mchere feteleza. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chlorine sayenera kukhalamo feteleza wogwiritsidwa ntchito. Chowonadi ndi chakuti amatha kuwononga duwa lachipinda choterocho. Popewa zovuta ndi zovuta zosafunikira, alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti agule feteleza wotchedwa Azalea m'malo ogulitsira. M'nyengo yamasika ndi nthawi yotentha, mavalidwe azikhala pafupipafupi, choncho ayenera kukonzedwa kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri sikutheka kudyetsa duwa. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwa zovala zapamwamba kumachepa kwambiri, panthawi ino ndikofunikira kuyikira feteleza kamodzi pamwezi. Pambuyo nthawi ya budding ndi maluwa kuyamba, kuphatikiza azaleas chipinda, mudzafunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza yemwe ali ndi zinthu zofunikira monga phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Mwachitsanzo, pakadali pano, pakudya, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Kemira-Suite kapena Uniflor-bud.

Kupatsira mbewu ya Azalea

Alimi odziwa bwino maluwa amalimbikitsa kuti chomerachi chiziwalika nthawi yoyamba kutulutsa. Kuika kuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri ndipo chifukwa chake muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofalikira, pomwe ndikofunikira kusunga umphumphu wa dothi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mizu ya chipinda azalea ndi yopyapyala komanso yopanda kanthu, chifukwa chake, pakasakanikirana, amatha kuvulazidwa mosavuta, zomwe sizabwino kwenikweni. Zomera ziyenera kuikidwa mu mphika wamaluwa woszama kwambiri, kuti mizu yake izikhala pafupi kwambiri ndi gawo lapansi. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti azitha kutumiza ana achinyamata pachaka, komanso achikulire - kamodzi pachaka zitatu. Zomera zobwezeretsedwa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa maluwa owuma, tsinde ndi nthambi.

Kubalalitsa kwa Azalea

Azalea amafalitsa ndi tsinde kudula. Ndikofunika kuchita izi m'chilimwe. Kuti tichite izi, odulidwa pang'ono-okhala ndi masamba omwe alipo kale amabzala pansi, ndikofunikira kuphimba ndi mtsuko wagalasi, thumba la pulasitiki. Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndizambiri komanso nthawi zonse. Ngati maluwa ayoneka, amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo. Pakatha miyezi ingapo, muzu wakuzika mizu udabzalidwa, uyenera kubzalidwa mumphika. Wotambasuka akuwombera pazodulidwa mizu kuti apange korona.

Matenda ndi tizirombo ta azalea

Matenda amawoneka chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino:

• madzi okwanira osakwanira
• kudziwika ndi dzuwa
• kutentha kwa chipinda,
• Kodi duwa ili kuti
• kusowa kwa kuwala
• dothi lolakwika.

Matenda a Azalea

• Ngati masamba afota, chikasu, amagwa, ndiye chifukwa chake ndikulephera kuthirira mbewuyo kapena dzuwa. Mukayamba kutsatira malamulo othirira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuyatsa, vutoli lidzatha.
• Ngati dzimbiri kapena imvi zowola zatulukira, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kutentha kuti duwa likhalepo ndikudula masamba owonongeka.
• Maluwa ake akangotuluka chikasu, amayamba kuzimiririka ndikugwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti madzi abwino akumwa madzi. Mutha kukonza izi ngati mumathirira ndi madzi owiritsa ndi feteleza apadera.
• Chifukwa chambiri chinyezi m'nthaka, azalea nthawi zambiri imakhudzanso mochedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu adzafe.

Tizilombo

Spider nthata, tizilombo tambiri, nthata za sitiroberi ndi tizirombo tomwe timatha kuwononga azalea wamkati. Polimbana, ndikofunikira kukongoletsa duwa lanyumba mwanjira zapadera. Choyamba muyenera kupanga masamba a masamba ndi yankho la sopo, kenako muzimutsuka ndi madzi ofunda kenako muyenera kuwaza ndi mankhwala omwe agulidwa (mwachitsanzo, yankho la Actellik)