Madzi ku kanyumba ndikofunikira kwambiri - kuthilira dimba, kusamba, kuphika, kutsuka mbale ndi zina zambiri. Koma, mwatsoka, kutali ndi nyumba zonse zimakhala ndi madzi apakatikati, ndipo chifukwa cha izi pali zovuta zingapo zomwe zimakhudzana ndi maulendo ataliatali kupita kumzere wapafupi kapena chitsime. Mutha kupulumutsa nthawi ndikutonthoza mdziko muno ngati mukupanga madzi mdziko. Njirayi sifunikira nzeru zapadera komanso maluso ndipo amatha kudziyimira pawokha. Izi zidzafunika zida zotsika mtengo zopopera ndi mwayi wopeza kasupe wamadzi.
Kukonzekera kanyumba kamadzimadzi
Chitani madzi nokha ndi njira yomwe zinthu zambiri ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti madzi alowa mnyumba yabwino komanso popanda zosokoneza. Ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati madzi azigwira ntchito m'nyengo yachisanu kapena ayi, ndi madzi angati patsiku, kuti adzagwiritse ntchito pazifukwa ziti. Makamaka, makina amagetsi amnyumba amayenera kupangidwa limodzi ndi nyumbayo payokha kuti athe kuganizira zonse zomwe zimapangidwa ndikukhazikitsa njira yabwino yoperekera madzi.
Tsoka ilo, nyumba zambiri sizinapangidwe kuti zizikhala ndi madzi, chifukwa zimasinthirabe nyumba zomalizidwa. Ntchitoyi imakhala yovuta ngati kulibe chitsime kapena madzi abwino. Poterepa, muwononga nthawi yambiri komanso ndalama pomanga.
Ngati chitsime chikadalipo, wina ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi ake ndi abwino kubwezeretsanso. Ngati madzi akuyenda ndi osakwanira, mutha kuyesanso kuti madzi akuya kwambiri. Chotsatira, timazindikira komwe zida zokupaka zidzaikidwire, ndipo ngati ndizapamwamba, ndiye kuti timagawa chipinda chocheperako. Pazida zonse za zida, nkhokwe yosankhidwa mwapadera itha kutumikiranso.
Kusankhidwa kwa pampu
Kutengera zinthu zambiri, mtundu ndi mphamvu ya pampu imasankhidwa. Chifukwa chake, kupezeka kwamadzi mu chirimwe ndi nthawi yozizira, mapampu osiyanasiyana adzafunika.
Mwa mtundu wa makonzedwe, mapampu otsatirawa ndi amodzi:
- Pampu yomvera. Imayikidwa mwachindunji pachitsime chokha. Ubwino wake ndikuti sizipanga phokoso mnyumba ndipo simakhala ndi mwayi. Komabe, mtundu uwu wa pampu sugwira ntchito nyengo yachisanu.
- Pamwamba pampu. Mtundu wofala kwambiri ungagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi ya chilimwe ndi nthawi yozizira. Ili pa mtunda kutali ndi chitsime ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi iyo ndi chitoliro chamadzi.
- Pampu yopimira nyumba zamayiko. Malo awa akhoza kukhala osasinthasintha. Malo osinthira amatha kukhala dizilo kapena mafuta, amagwira ntchito pomwe injini yamkati yamoto ikatsegulidwa.
Kusankha kwamadzi
Kusankha kopereka madzi kuyenera kuchitika poganizira kuchuluka kwa madzi apansi panthaka, madzi ndi zinthu zina. Mutha kulankhulana ndi anansi omwe ali ndi madzi, ngakhale akukhutira ndi madzi oyera.
Malo omwe madzi amapezeka ndi awa:
- Chabwino. Njira yakale kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri yoperekera madzi kunyumba, popeza mutha kuzichita nokha ndi manja anu popanda kufunafuna chithandizo cha akatswiri. Ndikofunikira kugula mphete za konkriti, ndipo mutha kukumba chitsime nokha. Kuphatikiza apo, pakalibe magetsi komanso kusatha pampu, mutha kutenga madzi pachitsime ndi chidebe. Malo ena opezeka ndi madzi sangadzitamande ndi ulemu wotere. Choipa chosagwiritsa ntchito zitsime ndi kuthekera kwa zovuta zina zomwe zikugwa kuchokera kumtunda wamtunda. Koma ndikutulutsa uku, kusamala mosamala kwa mipata pakati pa mphete za konkriti kungathandize.
- Nyumba zopangira madzi kuchokera kuchitsime "pamchenga." Pakalibe madzi apansi panthaka, kapena madzi osakwanira akuya mpaka 15 m, ndichizolowezi kuponyera zitsime. Njira yobowola chitsime “chouma” imadziwika chifukwa ndi madziwo, madzi amachokera kumtunda wakutali kwambiri wamadzi am'madzi. Madzi awa ndi osadetsedwa bwino ndi loam yomwe ili pamwamba, kotero ndioyenera kumwa ndikuphika. Bowolani zitsimezi pakuya kwa 10 mpaka 50 metres, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba zopezera madzi, monga pakuboola makina ndikotheka kudumpha madzi. Tsoka ilo, zitsime zotere sizolimba, chifukwa Zosefera zimakutidwa ndi mchenga ndipo madzi amatha. Kutengera mawonekedwe a malo enaake nthawi yozizira, moyo wautumiki wazitsime ungasiyane zaka 5 mpaka 20.
- Mmisiri waluso. Kubowola bwino kwamtunduwu kumasiyanasiyana ndi koyambako pakuzama kwake, kumatha kupitilira 1000m. Nthawi zambiri zitsime za artesian sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazofunikira zawo, chifukwa Iyi ndi njira yotsika mtengo yotutira madzi ndipo imafuna mgwirizano ndi mabungwe aboma. Ndizomveka kukoka zitsime zotere ndikuphatikiza zoyesayesa za anansi angapo. Madzi obowola ku Artesian amachotsedwa pamwala wamiyala yamiyala, pomwe ndiyabwino kwambiri komanso yapamwamba kwambiri. Moyo wautumiki pachitsime umatha kufikira magawo a chitsime, mpaka zaka 50.
Kupezeka kwamadzi m'nyengo yozizira
Ngati kuli kofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito madzi mumnyengo yachisanu, chinthu choyamba kuchita ndikukumba ngalande kuchokera pa dacha kupita ku kasupe wamadzi. Kuzama kwa ngalande sikuyenera kukhala osachepera 1.5-2 m. Kutengera ndi mawonekedwe a kuzizira kwa dzikolo m'derali. Mutha kutsogolera mapaipi ndi pamtunda ndi kuvomerezedwa kwamphamvu yamafuta. Ndikofunikira kupanga tsankho pang'ono kutalika konse kuloza kuchitsime. Dzenje lolingana ndi kukula kwa chitoliro chosankhidwa limadulidwa mphete yachiwiri ya chitsime. Mapaipi amatha kukhala achitsulo, pulasitiki, PVC, ndi zina, chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti samasweka mothandizidwa ndi chisanu.
Kupezeka kwa madzi m'nyengo yozizira kuchokera pachitsime pamlingo wapamwamba wamadzi kumaphatikizapo kuyika chitoliro cholumikizira chitumbuwa chautali 30-30 cm kuchokera pansi. Fyuluta yoyeretsa imayikidwa kumapeto kwa chitolirochi kuti dothi lisamalowetsedwe ndi madzi. Ndikofunikira kupatula mosamala malo omwe bomba limayikidwira mu mphete yodzaza ndikudzaza ndi ngalande kumayambiriro ndi dothi kuchokera pamwamba.
Mukakhazikitsa zida zapompopompo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha mkati mwake ndikukulira, chipinda kapena chipinda chosiyana komwe chidzapezeke, osachepera 2 madigiri a kutentha. Kutsogolo kwa pampu, kuli valavu yonyowetsera madzi ndi fyuluta yoyala. Pakudutsa pampu, madziwo amasefedwa mu fayilo yabwino ndikulowa wosonkhetsa madzi ozizira. Kuchokera kwa osonkhetsa, madzi amagawidwa pakati pa ogula.
Kupezeka kwamadzi mnyumba ya anthu kapena mdziko muno ndizofunikira kuti munthu azigwira bwino ntchito yake komanso kusamalira bwino mundawo ndi dimba. Mlingo waukadaulo wamakono umatipatsa mwayi wopezeka ndi madzi ochepa tokha. Nthawi yomweyo, kuyeretsa kwamadzi kumadalira pakukhazikitsa molondola magawo onse omanga ndi mtundu wa zida zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
